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[Cites 19, Cited by 0]

National Company Law Appellate Tribunal

Archernar Brand Technologies Private ... vs Registrar on 4 September, 2025

           NATIONAL COMPANY LAW APPELLATE TRIBUNAL
                  PRINCIPAL BENCH, NEW DELHI

                    Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025

(Arising against the impugned order dated 10.06.2025 passed by the Hon'ble
National Company Law Tribunal, Chandigarh Bench (Court-II), in CA(CAA)
No. 20/Chd/Hry/2025)

IN THE MATTER OF:

Archernar Brand Technologies Private Limited
Having its Registered office at:
Inno House, 2nd Floor, Plot No. 9 (4 Bay), Sector 32, Sadar
Bazar, Gurgaon Haryana- 122001                              ...Appellant No.1/
                                                       Second Transferor Company

Cephus Brand Technologies Private Limited
Having its registered office at Inno House, 2nd Floor,
Plot No. 9 (4 Bay), Sector 32, Sadar Bazar,
Gurgaon Haryana-122001                                      ...Appellant No.2/
                                                           Third Transferor Company

lmplexians Eco Solutions Private Limited
Having its registered office at lnno House, 2nd Floor,
Plot No. 9 (4 Bay), Sector 32, Sadar Bazar,
Gurgaon Haryana-122001                                       ...Appellant No.3/
                                                         Fourth Transferor Company

Lepus Brand Technologies Private Limited,
Having its registered office at Inno House, 2nd Floor,
Plot No. 9 (4 Bay), Sector 32, Sadar Bazar,
Gurgaon, Haryana-122001                                      ...Appellant No.4/
                                                         Fifth Transferor Comapany


Villain Lifestyle Private Limited,
Having its registered office at l11110 House, 2nd Floor,
Plot No. 9 (4 Bay), Sector 32, Sadar Bazar,
Gurgaon, Haryana-122001                                       ...Appellant No.5/
                                                           Sixth Transferor Company

Pyxis Brand Technologies Private Limited,
Having its registered office at Inno House, 2nd Floor,
Plot No. 9 (4 Bay), Sector 32, Sadar Bazar,
Gurgaon, Haryana-122001                                    ...Appellant No.6/
                                                      Seventh Transferor Company


                                                                          Cont'd..../
                                           -2-


Helea Technology Private Limited
Having its registered office at Inno House, 2nd Floor,
Plot No. 9 (4 Bay), Sector 32, Sadar Bazar,
Gurgaon, Haryana-122001                                      ...Appellant No.7/
                                                         Eighth Transferor Company

Mensa Brand Technologies Private Limited
Having its registered office at lnno House, 2nd Floor,
Plot No. 9 (4 Bay), Sector 32, Sadar Bazar,
Gurgaon Haryana-122001                                      ...Appellant No.8/
                                                            Transferee Company



Present:

For Appellant: Mr. Arun Kathpalia, Sr. Advocate, Mr. Rohan Batra,
               Mr. Rishabh Bhargava, Mr. Dhruv Sethi, Ms. Nidhi
               Chaudhary, Ms. Diksha Gupta, Mr. Aditya Dhupar,
               Advocates.


                                  J U D G M EN T
                                 (4th September, 2025)


INDEVAR PANDEY, MEMBER (T)


       The present Appeal has been preferred under Section 421 of the

Companies Act, 2013, (hereinafter referred to as 'Act') challenging the

impugned order dated 10.06.2025 passed by the National Company Law

Tribunal (Adjudicating Authority), Chandigarh Bench (Court-II) in CA (CAA)

No.20/CHD/HRY/2025. The said order was passed pursuant to an

application filed by the Appellant Nos. 1 to 8 under Section 230 & 232 of the

Code, in relation to the Composite Scheme of Arrangement between the

Appellant Companies and their respective shareholders and creditors.




Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                       -3-


2.     The Appellants had jointly filed the First Motion in relation to the

proposed composite Scheme of Arrangement amongst Mensa Brand

Technologies Pte. Ltd., a Singapore entity, the ("Non-Applicant" or "First

Transferor Company") and the Appellants, namely, Archernar Brand

Technologies Private Limited ("Applicant No. 1" or "Second Transferor

Company"), Cephus Brand Technologies Private Limited ("Applicant No. 2" or

"Third Transferor Company"), Implexians Eco Solutions Private Limited

("Applicant No. 3 or "Fourth Transferor Company"), Lepus Brand Technologies

Private Limited ("Applicant No. 4" or "Fifth Transferor Company"), Villain

Lifestyle Private Limited ("Applicant No. 5" or "Sixth Transferor Company"),

Pyxis Brand Technologies Private Limited ("Applicant No. 6" or "Seventh

Transferor Company"), Helea Technology Private Limited ("Applicant No. 7" or

"Eighth Transferor Company") and Mensa Brand Technologies Private Limited

("Applicant Company 8" or "Transferee Company") and their respective

shareholders and creditors ("Scheme"). Applicant Nos. 1 to 7 are collectively

referred to as "Transferor Companies".



3.     The Adjudicating Authority, by the impugned order, was pleased to

dispense with the requirement of convening meetings of the respective

shareholders and secured creditors of the Appellant Companies. However,

with respect to the unsecured creditors of the Appellant Transferor

Companies, the Adjudicating Authority declined to grant such dispensation

and instead directed that meeting of the remaining non-consenting unsecured

creditors be convened for seeking their approval to the proposed Composite

Scheme of Arrangement. Being aggrieved by the said refusal, the Appellants


Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                                 -4-


have preferred the present Appeal before this Hon'ble Appellate Tribunal. The

relevant extracts of the said paragraphs no. 23 to 25 are reproduced below:

            "23. This Application was filed by the Applicant Companies
            praying for dispensing with the requirement of convening the
            meetings      of   the     Equity         Shareholders,     preference
            shareholders, secured and unsecured creditors of all the
            Applicant     Companies.     Consent        affidavits    from   equity
            Shareholders of all the Applicant Companies are received.
            Consent affidavits of preference shareholders of the Applicant
            Company 8 are received. The remaining Applicant Companies
            do not have any preference shareholders. Consent affidavits
            from the Secured Creditors of the Applicant Company 3,
            Applicant Company 5 and Applicant Company 8 are received.
            The remaining Applicant Companies do not have any Secured
            Creditors. Consent affidavits of the Unsecured Creditors of all
            the Applicant Companies are received. The Scheme of
            Arrangement has been approved by the respective Board of
            Directors of all the Applicant Companies. The Applicant
            Companies have deposed that no material inquiry, inspection
            or prosecution has been initiated or pending against the
            Applicant Companies and/or its directors and officers, which
            can have bearing on its going concern status. The Applicant
            Companies have filed the certificate, issued by statutory
            auditors of the respective Applicant Companies certifying that
            the Scheme is in compliance with the Accounting Standards
            under Section 133 of the Act.

            24. Having considered the facts and the objects of the Scheme
            as stated in the application narrated hereinabove and
            materials available on record, we are inclined to dispose of
            this     Company      Application          bearing   CA(CAA)       No.
            20/Chd/Hry/2025 with the following directions:

             a) The meeting of the Equity Shareholders of the all the
                   Applicant Companies is dispensed herewith, keeping in
                   view that all the Equity Shareholders have given their
                   consents by way of affidavits.

Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                             -5-


             b) The meeting of the Preference Shareholders of the
                 Applicant Company No. 8 is dispensed herewith, keeping
                 in view that all the Preference Shareholders have given
                 their consents by way of affidavits.
             c) Since, there are no Preference Shareholders in rest of the
                 Applicant Companies, the requirement of convening the
                 meeting of their Preference Shareholders does not arise.
             d) Since, there are no Secured Creditors in the Applicant
                 Company No. 1, Applicant Company No. 2, Applicant
                 Company No. 4, Applicant Company No. 6, Applicant
                 Company No. 7 the requirement of convening the meeting
                 of Secured Creditors does not arise.
             e) The meeting of the Secured Creditors of the Applicant
                 Company No. 3, Applicant Company No. 5 and Applicant
                 Company No. 8 is dispensed herewith, keeping in view
                 that all the Secured Creditors have given their consents
                 by way of affidavits.
             f) It is noted from the list of unsecured creditors of the
                 Applicant    Transferor   Companies    that   the   highest
                 percentage of unsecured debt is of the Transferee
                 Company itself whose consent has been pivotal in
                 crossing necessary threshold. Therefore, it is directed
                 that meetings of unsecured creditors of all the Applicant
                 Transferor Companies except whose consent has already
                 been obtained be convened. physically at the venue, date
                 and time as decided by the Chairperson or through video
                 conference or other Audio-Visual means at the venue,
                 date and time as would be decided by the Chairperson
                 for the purpose of considering and, if thought fit,
                 approving with or without modification(s) of the scheme.
             g) At least one month before the date of aforesaid meetings,
                 an advertisement about the convening of the said
                 meetings, indicating the day, date, place, and time, as
                 aforesaid, shall be published in English daily, i.e.,
                 Business Standard (English) and in Hindi daily i.e.,
                 Jansatta (Hindi) in all editions within the state of
                 Haryana. The publication shall indicate the time within

Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                                  -6-


                  which copies of the scheme shall be made available to the
                  concerned persons free of charge from the Registered
                  Office of the Applicant Companies. The publication shall
                  also indicate the statement required to be furnished
                  according to Section 102 of the Act read with Sections 230
                  to 232 of the Act.
             h) At least one month before the date of the meetings to be
                  held as aforesaid, a notice in Form No. CAA 2 convening
                  the said meetings, indicating the day, the date, the place
                  and time aforesaid, together with a copy of the Scheme of
                  Arrangement, a copy of statement required to be
                  furnished pursuant to Sections 230 and 232 read with
                  Section 102 of the Companies Act, 2013, and Rule 6 of
                  the   Companies       (Compromises,        Arrangements      and
                  Amalgamations) Rules, 2016 and the prescribed form of
                  proxy shall be sent by Registered Post or Speed Post or
                  Registered Post or by Courier or E-Mail or Hand Delivery,
                  addressed to each of the Unsecured creditors of Applicant
                  Transferor Companies.
             i)   Mr. Rajeshwara Rao Vittanala, Ex-Judicial Member
                  NCLT,     Mobile       No.         8096419964,     email     ID:
                  [email protected],           is   appointed   as    the
                  Chairperson for the meeting to be called under this order.
                  An amount Rs. 1,50,000/- (Rupees one lac and fifty
                  thousand Only) be paid for his services as the
                  Chairperson.
             j)   Mrs. Krishna Anmol Singh, Advocate, Mobile No.
                  9818282596,         Email    ID:     [email protected],    is
                  appointed as the Alternate Chairperson for the meeting to
                  be called under this order. She will discharge the function
                  of Chairman in the absence of Mr. Rajeshwara Rao
                  Vıttanala. An amount of Rs. 1,00,000/- (Rupees one lac
                  only) be paid for her services as the Alternate
                  Chairperson.
             k) Mr. Rohit Garg, Chartered Accountant, Mobile No.
                  9988901370, Email ID: [email protected],
                  is appointed as the Scrutinizer for the above meeting to

Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                              -7-


                  be called under this order. An amount of Rs. 75,000/-
                  (Rupees seventy five thousand Only) be paid for his
                  services as the Scrutinizer.
             l)   The quorum for the meeting of unsecured creditors will be
                  determined by the Chairman in such a manner that
                  creditors present in the meeting represent at least 50% in
                  value as a whole of the class of creditors respectively as
                  the case may be.
             m) In case, the quorum is not present within half an hour
                  from the time appointed for holding the meeting, then the
                  Chairman shall adjourn the meeting to the same day in
                  the next week at the same time and place. The intimation
                  about the adjourned meeting should be given to each
                  member/creditor as the case may be through e-mail or by
                  any other mode. If the quorum is still not present on such
                  adjournment date, then the Chairman may furnish a
                  report to that effect to NCLT within seven days thereafter
                  and seek further directions for modifying the quorum.
             n) It is further directed that the voting through a valid proxy
                  has been dispensed by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs
                  vide circular no. 14/2020 dated 08.04.2020, hence,
                  meetings of members of any class of creditors shall not
                  be conducted or counted through proxy.
             o) The Chairperson appointed for the aforesaid meetings
                  shall issue the advertisements and send out the notices
                  of the aforesaid meetings. The Chairperson is free to avail
                  the services of the Applicant Companies or any agency
                  for carrying out the aforesaid directions The Chairperson
                  shall have all the powers under the Articles of Association
                  of the Applicant Companies and also under the Rules in
                  relation to the conduct of the meetings, including to decide
                  any procedural questions that may arise at the meetings.
             p) The Applicant Transferor Companies shall furnish a copy
                  of the Scheme free of charge within one day of any
                  requisition for the Scheme made by any creditor entitled
                  to attend the meeting as aforesaid.


Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                             -8-


             q) The Chairperson shall file an Affidavit not less than 7
                 (seven) days before the date fixed for the hearing of the
                 meetings and report to this Tribunal that the directions
                 regarding issuance of notices and advertisement of the
                 meetings have been duly complied with as per Rule 12 of
                 the   Companies      (Compromises,     Arrangements    and
                 Amalgamations) Rules, 2016.
             r) It is further ordered that the Chairperson shall report to
                 this Tribunal on the result of the meeting in Form No.
                 CAA-4 along with an affidavit, as per Rule 14 of the
                 Companies        (Compromises,       Arrangements      and
                 Amalgamations) Rules, 2016 within 7 (seven) working
                 days from the date of conclusion of the aforesaid
                 meetings. The Chairperson would be fully assisted by the
                 authorized representative/Company Secretary of the
                 Applicant Transferor Companies and the Scrutinizer, who
                 will assist the Chairperson and Alternate Chairperson in
                 preparing and finalizing the report.
             s) The authorized representative of the Applicant Transferor
                 Companies, shall furnish an affidavit of service of notice
                 of meeting and publication of advertisement and
                 compliance of all directions contained herein at least a
                 week before the proposed date of the meetings.

            25. All the aforesaid directions are to be complied with strictly
            in accordance with the applicable laws including forms and
            formats contained in the Act and rules by the Applicant
            Companies."

4.     The appellants have impugned the directions of the Hon'ble Tribunal in

Paragraph 24 (f) to (s) above, which provides for the meeting of unsecured

creditors and lays down the procedure for the same.



Brief facts of the case

5. Brief facts of the case are given below:


Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                              -9-


 (i)    The case of the Appellants was that Mensa Brand Technologies Pte.

        Ltd., the Non-Applicant/ First Transferor Company, is a Singapore-

        incorporated investment holding entity. Appellant Nos. 1 to 8 here,

        including the Transferee Company (Appellant No. 8/ Mensa Brand

        Technologies Pvt. Ltd.), are subsidiaries of the First Transferor

        Company and are engaged in diverse business activities, primarily

        involving the manufacture and/or trading of products in the domains

        of fashion, home and other décor, food and beauty, kitchenware, and

        gardening.     These     companies     operate   under   the   parent   brand

        "Brnd.Me," along with a number of sub-brands tailored to different

        product lines and markets. The scheme of arrangement proposed

        among the Appellant Companies and their respective shareholders and

        creditors is aimed at rationalizing the corporate structure, streamlining

        operations, and achieving efficiency in management, while safeguarding

        the interests of all stakeholders, including creditors, employees, and

        shareholders.

 (ii)   On 28.03.2025, the Composite Scheme of Arrangement ("Scheme")

        proposing the merger of the Transferor Companies into the Transferee

        Company was approved by the Board of Directors of Mensa Brand

        Technologies Pte. Ltd. Singapore.

 (iii) The Boards of Directors of the Appellant Companies, on 01.04.2025, in

        their respective meetings, considered and approved the proposed

        Composite Scheme of Arrangement, subject to the sanction of the

        Tribunal.




Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                       -10-


 (iv) Upon implementation of the Scheme of Arrangement, the net worth of

       the Transferee Company is projected to increase significantly, with

       assets exceeding liabilities, rising from INR 551.29 crores as of

       31.12.2024 to INR 913.37 crores.

 (v)   The Appellants filed an application on 16.04.2025 before the Ld. NCLT

       under Sections 230 to 232 read with Section 234 of the Companies Act,

       2013 seeking dispensation from convening meetings of their respective

       shareholders; secured creditors; and unsecured creditors for the

       purpose of obtaining approval of the Scheme in accordance with the Act

       and the applicable rules.

 (vi) The NCLT passed the impugned order on 10.06.2025, granting the

       reliefs sought to dispense with convening meetings of the shareholders

       and secured creditors of the Appellants, but declined to grant

       dispensation for holding meetings of the unsecured creditors of the

       Appellant Transferor Companies.

 (vii) Appellant Nos. 1 to 7 filed a modification application on 30.06.2025

       before the NCLT, which was subsequently withdrawn by the Appellants,

       while expressly reserving their right to file the present Appeal before

       this Tribunal.

 (viii) The Appellants have filed the present Appeal before this Appellate

       Tribunal on 22.07.2025, contending that the NCLT exceeded its

       jurisdiction by refusing to grant dispensation from convening meetings

       of unsecured creditors under Section 230(9), despite acknowledging

       that consent affidavits representing at least 90% in value of the

       unsecured creditors of each Transferor Company had been obtained.


Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                       -11-


Submissions of the Appellant


6.     The Ld. Senior Counsel for the Appellants submitted that the impugned

order suffers from jurisdictional overreach and is devoid of any cogent

reasoning, rendering it ex facie unsustainable. It was further submitted that

the order contravenes the statutory scheme under Section 230 of the

Companies Act by arbitrarily disregarding valid consent affidavits, imposing

impractical and legally unworkable quorum requirements, and directing

meetings solely of the remaining non-consenting unsecured creditors.


7.     The Ld. Sr. Counsel further submitted that the NCLT erred in refusing

to dispense with the meetings of unsecured creditors, despite the Appellants

having complied with the threshold under Section 230(9) of the Companies

Act, 2013, by filing consent affidavits from unsecured creditors representing

over 90% in value. It was further submitted by him that the Scheme does not

entail any compromise or arrangement with the creditors, nor does it affect

their rights or the financial capacity of the companies. Courts have

consistently dispensed with creditor meetings under such circumstances;

therefore, convening meetings of the remaining unsecured creditors is

unnecessary and without any meaningful purpose for the approval of the

Scheme.


8.     It is the submission of Ld. Counsel that the remaining unsecured

creditors are minor vendors with negligible claims, most of which were already

settled as of 30.06.2025. Imposing a 50% quorum on a group representing

less than 10% of credit in value is impractical and unworkable. The Scheme




Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                       -12-


does not alter creditor rights and the Appellants had already obtained consent

affidavits from unsecured creditors representing over 90% in value.


9.     The Ld. Counsel argued that the NCLT's direction to hold meetings of

the remaining unsecured creditors, each holding less than 5% of the debt, is

arbitrary and unreasonable, as it empowers insignificant creditors to obstruct

and delay the Scheme, in clear contravention of the proviso to Section 230(4)

of the Companies Act, which prohibits such interference.


10.    The Ld. Counsel submitted that as of 30.06.2025, the entire debt owed

by the Transferor Companies to the remaining unsecured creditors, whose

consents were not obtained, had been fully discharged, except for certain

disputed amounts relating to Appellant Nos. 5 and 6, namely INR 8,07,315.00

and INR 5,44,043.89. It was further submitted that, in these circumstances,

directing meetings of such creditors is infructuous, and the Impugned Order,

to that extent, is arbitrary, unduly burdensome, and liable to be set aside.


11.    The Ld. Counsel further submitted that the Hon'ble NCLT failed to

consider Section 230(6) of the Companies Act, which provides that approval

by creditors representing three-fourths in value is sufficient to bind the entire

class. In the present case, the Appellant Transferor Companies had already

obtained consent affidavits from over 90% in value of their unsecured

creditors. Accordingly, convening meetings of the remaining unsecured

creditors, who collectively represent less than 10% in value, is unnecessary,

contrary to the statutory scheme, and wholly redundant.


12.    The Ld. Counsel contended that the NCLT erred in denying

dispensation for unsecured creditors based solely on the Transferee Company

Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                       -13-


holding the largest portion of debt. Section 230(9) does not distinguish

between related and unrelated creditors, nor permit disregarding valid

consents based on the creditor's identity. The Tribunal also failed to provide

any rationale or justification for ignoring these valid consents, contrary to the

statutory scheme.


13.     It is the submission of Ld. Counsel that the NCLT failed to recognize,

that the proposed Scheme does not involve any compromise or arrangement

with the creditors. The Scheme is an arrangement solely between the

Applicants and their shareholders under Section 230(1)(b) of the Companies

Act, and not under Section 230(1)(a). It does not affect the rights or interests

of the unsecured creditors, and no liability of such creditors is diminished, as

all dues will be settled in the ordinary course of business.


14.    The Ld. Sr. Counsel, in view of the foregoing facts and contentions,

prayed for the following reliefs:


   (i) Allow the present Appeal;

   (ii) Set aside the directions contained in Paragraphs 24(f) to 24(s) of the

       Impugned Order dated 10.06.2025 passed by the Hon'ble NCLT in

       CA(CAA) No. 20/Chd/Hry/2025, insofar as they pertain to convening

       and holding meetings of the unsecured creditors of the Appellant

       Transferor Companies;

   (iii)Issue necessary directions for dispensation of the meetings of the

       unsecured creditors of the Appellant Transferor Companies;


   (iv) Pass such other order(s) as this Hon'ble Appellate Tribunal may deem

       fit and proper in the facts and circumstances of the present case.

Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                       -14-


Analysis and findings


15.    We have gone through the documents on record and heard the Ld. Sr.

Counsel for the Appellant companies at great length.


16.    Upon perusal of the record and hearing of the submission of the Ld. Sr.

Counsel, it is evident that the grievance of the Appellants pertain to (i) the

refusal of the NCLT to grant dispensation from convening meeting of the

unsecured creditors of the Transferor Companies under Section 230(9) of the

Act; and (ii) ordering the meeting of remaining unsecured creditors of

Applicant Transferor companies, except those whose consent has already

been obtained, is in violation of Section 230(6) of the Act. They have also

placed emphasis on the fact that the scheme of Arrangement does not affects

the rights of the unsecured creditors, and their debt obligations would be

taken over by the Transferee Company. The proposed Scheme of Arrangement

is under Section 230(1)(b) of the Act, which relates to the Members of the

Company.


17.    The Appellants have demonstrated that they had obtained valid consent

affidavits from unsecured creditors representing over 90% in value in each

Transferor Company, which exceeds the statutory threshold prescribed under

Sections 230(6) and 230(9) of the Act. In their view, the refusal to grant

dispensation from convening meetings of the unsecured creditors was

contrary to the provisions of the Act. Similarly, the meetings of Creditors or

class of Creditors as prescribed in Section 230(6) of the Act would mandatorily

involve all such creditors, whereas the NCLT has ordered the meeting of only




Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                                -15-


those creditors who have not filed their consent. Such an order clearly falls

foul of the scheme of Section 230(6) of the Act.


18.    We first examine the Section 230 of the Companies Act 2013 which is

extracted below:


         Section 230: Power to compromise or                        make
         arrangements with creditors and members

         (1) Where a compromise or arrangement is proposed--

            (a) between a company and its creditors or any class of
            them; or

            (b) between a company and its members or any class of
            them,

         the Tribunal may, on the application of the company or of
         any creditor or member of the company, or in the case of a
         company       which     is    being     wound   up,   of    the
         liquidator, 1[appointed under this Act or under the Insolvency
         and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 (31 of 2016), as the case may
         be,] order a meeting of the creditors or class of creditors, or
         of the members or class of members, as the case may be, to
         be called, held and conducted in such manner as the
         Tribunal directs.

         Explanation. -- For the purposes of this sub-section,
         arrangement includes a reorganisation of the company's
         share capital by the consolidation of shares of different
         classes or by the division of shares into shares of different
         classes, or by both of those methods.

         (2) The company or any other person, by whom an
         application is made under subsection (1), shall disclose to
         the Tribunal by affidavit--

            (a) all material facts relating to the company, such as the
            latest financial position of the company, the latest
            auditors report on the accounts of the company and the



Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                               -16-


            pendency of any investigation or proceedings against the
            company;

            (b) reduction of share capital of the company, if any,
            included in the compromise or arrangement;

            (c) any scheme of corporate debt restructuring consented
            to by not less than seventy-five per cent. of the secured
            creditors in value, including--

              (i) a creditors responsibility statement in the prescribed
              form;

              (ii) safeguards for the protection of other secured and
              unsecured creditors;

              (iii) report by the auditor that the fund requirements of
              the company after the corporate debt restructuring as
              approved shall conform to the liquidity test based upon
              the estimates provided to them by the Board;

              (iv) where the company proposes to adopt the corporate
              debt restructuring guidelines specified by the Reserve
              Bank of India, a statement to that effect; and

              (v) a valuation report in respect of the shares and the
              property and all assets, tangible and intangible,
              movable and immovable, of the company by a registered
              valuer.

         (3) Where a meeting is proposed to be called in pursuance of
         an order of the Tribunal under subsection (1), a notice of such
         meeting shall be sent to all the creditors or class of creditors
         and to all the members or class of members and the
         debenture-holders of the company, individually at the
         address registered with the company which shall be
         accompanied by a statement disclosing the details of the
         compromise or arrangement, a copy of the valuation report,
         if any, and explaining their effect on creditors, key
         managerial      personnel,   promoters      and   non-promoter
         members, and the debenture-holders and the effect of the
         compromise or arrangement on any material interests of the


Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                                   -17-


         directors of the company or the debenture trustees, and such
         other matters as may be prescribed:

         Provided that such notice and other documents shall also be
         placed on the website of the company, if any, and in case of
         a listed company, these documents shall be sent to the
         Securities and Exchange Board and stock exchange where
         the securities of the companies are listed, for placing on their
         website and shall also be published in newspapers in such
         manner as may be prescribed:

         Provided further that where the notice for the meeting is also
         issued by way of an advertisement, it shall indicate the time
         within which copies of the compromise or arrangement shall
         be made available to the concerned persons free of charge
         from the registered office of the company.

         (4) A notice under sub-section (3) shall provide that the
         persons to whom the notice is sent may vote in the meeting
         either themselves or through proxies or by postal ballot to the
         adoption of the compromise or arrangement within one
         month from the date of receipt of such notice:

         Provided     that   any      objection     to   the   compromise   or
         arrangement shall be made only by persons holding not less
         than ten per cent. of the shareholding or having outstanding
         debt amounting to not less than five per cent. of the total
         outstanding debt as per the latest audited financial
         statement.

         (5) A notice under sub-section (3) along with all the
         documents in such form as may be prescribed shall also be
         sent to the Central Government, the income-tax authorities,
         the Reserve Bank of India, the Securities and Exchange
         Board, the Registrar, the respective stock exchanges, the
         Official Liquidator, the Competition Commission of India
         established under sub-section (1) of section 7 of the
         Competition Act, 2002 (12 of 2003), if necessary, and such
         other sectoral regulators or authorities which are likely to be
         affected by the compromise or arrangement and shall

Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                              -18-


         require that representations, if any, to be made by them
         shall be made within a period of thirty days from the date of
         receipt of such notice, failing which, it shall be presumed that
         they have no representations to make on the proposals.

         (6) Where, at a meeting held in pursuance of sub-section (1),
         majority of persons representing threefourths in value of the
         creditors, or class of creditors or members or class of
         members, as the case may be, voting in person or by proxy
         or by postal ballot, agree to any compromise or arrangement
         and if such compromise or arrangement is sanctioned by the
         Tribunal by an order, the same shall be binding on the
         company, all the creditors, or class of creditors or members
         or class of members, as the case may be, or, in case of a
         company being wound up, on the liquidator 2[appointed
         under this act or under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code,
         2016 (31 of 2016), as the case may be,] and the
         contributories of the company



         (7) An order made by the Tribunal under sub-section (6) shall
         provide for all or any of the following matters, namely:--

           (a) where the compromise or arrangement provides for
           conversion of preference shares into equity shares, such
           preference shareholders shall be given an option to either
           obtain arrears of dividend in cash or accept equity shares
           equal to the value of the dividend payable;

           (b) the protection of any class of creditors;

           (c) if the compromise or arrangement results in the
           variation of the shareholders rights, it shall be given effect
           to under the provisions of section 48;

           (d) if the compromise or arrangement is agreed to by the
           creditors under sub-section (6), any proceedings pending
           before    the    Board     for   Industrial     and   Financial
           Reconstruction established under section 4 of the Sick




Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                            -19-


           Industrial Companies (Special Provisions) Act, 1985 (1 of
           1986) shall abate;

           (e) such other matters including exit offer to dissenting
           shareholders, if any, as are in the opinion of the Tribunal
           necessary to effectively implement the terms of the
           compromise or arrangement:

         Provided that no compromise or arrangement shall be
         sanctioned by the Tribunal unless a certificate by the
         company's auditor has been filed with the Tribunal to the
         effect that the accounting treatment, if any, proposed in the
         scheme of compromise or arrangement is in conformity with
         the accounting standards prescribed under section 133.

         (8) The order of the Tribunal shall be filed with the Registrar
         by the company within a period of thirty days of the receipt
         of the order.

         (9) The Tribunal may dispense with calling of a meeting of
         creditor or class of creditors where such creditors or class of
         creditors, having at least ninety per cent. value, agree and
         confirm, by way of affidavit, to the scheme of compromise or
         arrangement.

                                                  (Emphasis Supplied)




19.    The Section 230 of the Companies Act deals with matters related to

power to compromise or make arrangements with creditors and Members The

three important subsections here are Section 230 (1)(b); 230(6); and 230(9).


20.    The first contention of the Appellants is that the arrangement proposed

herein is under Section 230(1)(b) which relates to arrangement with members

of the company. There is no arrangement vis a vis the creditors as envisaged

under Section 230(1)(a) of the Act. The interests of the creditors are not

affected adversely in any manner by the said agreement. The rights and

Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                       -20-


liabilities of all unsecured creditors remain entirely unaffected by way of the

Scheme, who shall be or have already been paid in the ordinary course of

business. The assets of the Transferee Company post-merger will be more

than sufficient to discharge their obligations as and when they arise.


21.    Appellants have further submitted that the remaining unsecured

creditors primarily comprise small-value trade creditors, who are routinely

paid in the ordinary course of business. Accordingly, the purported debt owed

to them is operational and revolving in nature, and not long-term or financial

in character. Furthermore, as stated above, upon implementation of the

proposed Scheme, the Transferor Companies will merge into the Transferee

Company and all the creditors of Transferor Companies will become creditors

of the Transferee Company. Therefore, no prejudice is caused to the

'remaining unsecured creditors' for protecting whose interest the NCLT

passed the direction to hold meetings of such remaining unsecured creditors.


22.    We note from the records that the net worth of the Transferee Company

as on 31-03-2024 would increase to Rs 913.37 Cr from Rs 551.29 Cr upon

implementation of the Scheme. The outstanding debt of unsecured creditors

on that date is approximately Rs 5.35 Cr, which is a very insignificant portion

of the Net Worth. We further note that the Appellants have made substantial

payments since then and by 30.06.2025 the outstanding unsecured debt has

shrunk to negligible amount.


23.    We further take note that the First Transferor Company is a Singapore

entity, and an investment holding company. The Appellant companies

including the Transferee Company are subsidiaries of the First Transferor


Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                        -21-


Company. This is a scheme of arrangement wherein a parent company along

with its 7 other subsidiaries is merging in one of the subsidiaries and creating

one single entity post-merger .


24.    In regard to the compliance with Sections 230(9) and 230(6) of the Act,

the contention of the Appellants is that the Impugned Order is non-speaking

and devoid of any reasoning as no rationale has been provided by the Hon'ble

NCLT for directing convening of meetings of the remaining unsecured

creditors, despite its express observation that the "necessary threshold" of

consent by 90% of unsecured creditors by value is met. The only reason cited

by the NCLT is that "the highest percentage of unsecured debt is of the

Transferee Company itself whose consent has been pivotal in crossing the

necessary threshold." This purported rationale is ex facie untenable and

directly contrary to the express mandate of Section 230(9) of the Companies

Act, which does not draw any distinction among creditors or classes of

creditors for the purpose of computing the 90% threshold.


25.    It is further submitted that the order requiring the convening of a

meeting of only the 'remaining' unsecured creditors of the Transferor

Companies, whose consent to the Scheme have not been obtained, is contrary

to the plain language and object of Section 230(9) and Section 230(6) of the

Companies Act 2013. Section 230(6) expressly states that, where a meeting of

creditors is held, approval of "majority of persons representing three-fourths

in value of the creditors" is adequate to bind the entire class of creditors.


26.    Further Section 230(9) does not contemplate that the consent of

creditors or a class of creditors, holding at least 90% in value, can be excluded


Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                           -22-


or disregarded, while computing the threshold for dispensing with meetings

of creditors or a class of creditors under Section 230(9), merely because they

are also a party to the scheme of arrangement. In other words, the provision

does not stipulate that the 90% value must be composed of "third-party"

creditors, nor does it exclude intra-group creditors or the Transferee Company

(as in the present case) acting in its capacity as a creditor. Such an artificially

invented limitation is contrary to the clear wording of Section 230(9) and

defeats the commercial purpose and procedural efficiency that Section 230(9)

seeks to promote.


27.    We find merit in the contentions of the Appellant. Section 230(9) of the

Act does not provide any such artificial distinction between the unsecured

creditors. If 90% by value of unsecured creditors by way of affidavit agree to

the scheme of arrangement, then the Tribunal has the powers to dispense the

meeting of creditors or class of creditors. Any further subdivision would not

be in accordance with the law.


28.    In this regard we have a look at the Section 232(1) of the companies act

2013 which deals with Mergers and Amalgamations of the companies


           Section 232. Merger and amalgamation of companies. -(1)

           Where an application is made to the Tribunal under section

           230 for the sanctioning of a compromise or an arrangement

           proposed between a company and any such persons as are

           mentioned in that section, and it is shown to the Tribunal-

           (a) that the compromise or arrangement has been proposed

           for the purposes of, or in connection with, a scheme for the

           reconstruction of the company or companies involving

Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                            -23-


           merger or the amalgamation of any two or more companies;

           and

           (b) that under the scheme, the whole or any part of the

           undertaking, property or liabilities of any company

           (hereinafter referred to as the transferor company) is

           required to be transferred to another company (hereinafter

           referred to as the transferee company), or is proposed to be

           divided among and transferred to two or more companies,

           the Tribunal may on such application, order a meeting of

           the creditors or class of creditors or the members or class of

           members, as the case may be, to be called, held and

           conducted in such manner as the Tribunal may direct and

           the provisions of sub-sections (3) to (6) of section 230 shall

           apply mutatis mutandis.

                                                  (Emphasis Supplied)


29.    It can be seen from the language of the section that when an application

is made before the tribunal under section 230 relating to arrangement for

merger or amalgamation of companies, the Tribunal may order a meeting of

the creditors or class of creditors etc to be called and such meeting shall be

conducted in the manner laid down by the sub sections (3) to (6) of section

230. It is clear from the language of the section that Tribunal has powers to

call the meeting of creditors, but such a meeting has to be conducted in

accordance with Section 230(6) in this case.


30.    We further note that under Section 230(6) of the Companies Act, even

in a scenario, where the meeting of unsecured creditors is held; approval of

creditors representing only 75% in value is required and such decision is

Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                             -24-


binding on the company, all creditors or class of creditors. In this case, if

such meeting would have been held in accordance with Section 230(6), the

result of the of such meeting would have been the same, as more than 90%

of unsecured creditors by value had already submitted their consent affidavit

to the scheme of arrangement. In essence such a meeting would have been

infructuous, leading only to delays in approval and unnecessary and

infructuous expenditure. The object and purpose of the section 230(9) is to

simplify    the    procedure      of   restructuring   of   companies   by   mergers,

amalgamations etc., where consent of 90% creditors is available. Contrary to

the objectives in this case NCLT has made it extremely complex going beyond

the scope of section 230(6).


31.    We also note that by excluding unsecured creditors who have

consented to the proposed Scheme from attending such meeting, the NCLT

has, in effect, denied them their statutory right to participate in the

consideration and approval of the proposed Scheme at a duly convened

meeting in terms of Section 230(6) of the Companies Act. The Impugned Order

renders the consent obtained from the unsecured creditors of the Transferor

Companies, whose debt constitutes over 90% in value, meaningless. In true

sense, the order provides for veto power to less than 10% creditors, against

the consent given by more than 90% creditors by value in approval of scheme

of arrangement. Such an order is clearly and patently in violation of the

section 230(6) of the act.




Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                                 -25-


32.    The appellants have cited a number of cases in support of their

contentions. These cases along with their applicability in the present matter

have been discussed in subsequent paragraphs.


33.    Hon'ble Delhi High Court in Vodafone Spacetel Ltd. and Anr. [2013

SCC Online Del 6566] in a first motion joint application under Sections 391

and 394 of the Companies Act, 1956 in connection with a Scheme of

Amalgamation of Vodafone Spacetel Ltd. ('Applicant/Transferor Company

No.1'); Vodafone West Ltd. (Transferor Company No.2) and Vodafone Mobile

Services    Ltd.    (Applicant        Transferee)          Company)      and     their    respective

shareholder in their Judgement in paragraphs no. 7, 11 and 13 held as

follows:


            "7. The status of the equity shareholders, secured and
            unsecured creditors of the Applicant companies and their
            consents to the proposed Scheme are set out in a tabular form
            as given below:

             Name   of        Nos. of     Conse        No.     of   Consent    No.       of   Consent
             the              Equity      nt           Secured      given      Unsecured      given
             company          Shareh      given        Creditors               Creditors
                              olders
             Applicant/       07          All          1            Dispens    3732           Dispens
             Transferor                                             ation is                  ation is
             Company                                                being                     being
             No.1                                                   sought                    sought
                                                                    for                       for
             Applicant/       07          All          3            Dispens    1601           Dispens
             Transferor                                             ation is                  ation is
             Company                                                being                     being
                                                                    sought                    sought
                                                                    for                       for


            11. As regards the requirement of convening the meeting of
            the unsecured creditors of the Applicant companies is
            concerned, it is submitted that the unsecured trade/sundry
            creditors of the Applicant companies are cyclic in nature and
            the Applicant companies are meeting such obligations in the
            ordinary course of business. It is further submitted that in


Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                              -26-


            terms of the Scheme, there is no variation in the rights of the
            unsecured trade/sundry creditors and there is no variation in
            the amounts owed to such unsecured trade/sundry creditors.
            The Applicant/Transferee company in terms of the Scheme
            shall    be    taking     over   all    the    liabilities   of   the
            Applicant/Transferor company No. 1 and undertakes to meet
            and discharge the same in terms of Clause 3.2.2 (iii) of the
            Scheme. The Applicant companies also undertake that upon
            notice being issued by this Court on the second motion
            petition for sanction of the Scheme, the Applicant companies
            shall issue individual notice to all its unsecured creditors as
            per list annexed at Annexure M and Annexure-P seeking their
            objections if any to the Scheme."

            13. In view of the aforesaid facts, the terms of the Scheme,
            and the judgments as referred to by the learned Senior
            counsel for the Applicant companies, the requirement of
            convening the meeting of the secured and unsecured creditors
            of the Applicant companies is dispensed with. The Applicant
            companies shall issue notice of the second motion petition to
            their respective secured creditors as per list annexed at
            Annexure-L and Annexure-O to the company application and
            to their respective unsecured creditors as per list annexed at
            Annexure-M and Annexure-P to the company application.

                                                          (Emphasis supplied)

34.    It is seen from the Vodafone (supra) that Hon'ble Delhi High Court has

considered the identical matter relating to unsecured trade/sundry creditors

whose dues are cyclic in nature and the Applicant companies are meeting

such obligations in the ordinary course of business. In terms of the scheme

also there is no variation in the rights of the unsecured creditors and there

is no variation in the amounts owed to such unsecured creditors. Hon'ble

Court dispensed with the requirement of convening the meeting of the

secured and unsecured creditors of the Appellant companies. The present

Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                              -27-


case is squarely covered by the Judgment of Hon'ble Delhi HC in Vodafone

(supra) with the additional compliance that more than 90% of the unsecured

creditors have given their consent to the scheme.


35.    The second case cited by Ld. Sr. Counsel relates of scheme of

amalgamation of : M/s Almondz Re-Insurance Brokers Pvt. Ltd.... Applicant

/Transferor Company with M/s Almondz Insurance Brokers Pvt. Ltd...

Applicant /Transferee Company in Company Application (Main) No. 27/2015

decided by Hon'ble Delhi High Court [2015 SCC OnLine Del 8401]. The

Hon'ble HC in paras 13, 15, 16 & 17 of the Judgment held as follows:


             "13. As on 15th December, 2014, the transferor company
             has 28 unsecured creditors holding unsecured debt of Rs.
             18,73,56,949/-. The applicants have placed on record a
             certificate issued by M/s. Pawan Shubham & Co., Chartered
             Accountants certifying that out of 28 unsecured creditors, 17
             unsecured     creditors    holding     unsecured   debt   of   Rs.
             17,62,64,545/- have been paid off fully/partly by the
             company, as on 30th January, 2015. Learned counsel for the
             applicants has submitted that the transferor company is a
             wholly owned subsidiary of the transferee company and
             since it is an amalgamation of the wholly owned subsidiary
             company with its holding company, therefore, rights of
             unsecured creditors of the applicant companies will not be
             affected adversely. He further submitted that the Scheme
             does not contemplate any variation of the rights of the
             unsecured creditors, nor does it contemplate extinction or
             reduction of liability to any creditor. Learned counsel has
             also submitted that on amalgamation of the transferor
             company      with    the    transferee    company,    the      post
             amalgamation net worth of the transferee company will be
             Rs. 22,19,15,399/- as compared to its pre-amalgamation net
             worth of Rs. 11,31,05,228/-. He has placed on record a


Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                             -28-


             certificate issued by M/s. Pawan Shubham & Co., Chartered
             Accountants, showing the pre and post amalgamation net
             worth of the transferor and transferee companies. He,
             therefore, prays that the requirement of convening and
             holding the meeting of the unsecured creditors of the
             transferor company may kindly be dispensed with.

             15. The unsecured creditors of the transferor company are
             running creditors who are paid-off in the normal course of the
             business of the company. A perusal of the audited balance
             sheet of the transferor company, as on 31st March, 2014,
             reveals that the company has reserves and surplus of Rs.
             10,88,10,171/-. As per the certificate issued by M/s. Pawan
             Shubham      &    Co.,   Chartered    Accountants,   the   post-
             amalgamation net worth of the transferee company will
             enhance to Rs. 22,19,15,399/- as compared to its pre-
             amalgamation net worth of Rs. 11,31,05,228/-. In addition,
             the applicants have placed on record the certificate issued
             by M/s. Pawan Shubham & Co., Chartered Accountant,
             determining the liquidity position of the companies, which
             shows that the liquid assets (including cash and bank
             balance) of the transferor company, pre-amalgamation, are
             to the tune of Rs. 37,18,61,504/-whereas the liquid assets
             (including cash and bank balance) of the , are no transferee
             company, post-amalgamation, are to the tune of Rs.
             41,31,76,317/-. Therefore, the rights of the unsecured
             creditors of the transferor company are not likely to be
             affected and the transferee company will be in a position to
             discharge all its liabilities, upon sanction of the Scheme of
             Amalgamation. In view of the above and the settled law on
             the subject, the requirement of convening and holding the
             meeting of the unsecured creditors of the transferor company
             to consider and, if thought fit, approve, with or without
             modification, the proposed Scheme of Amalgamation is
             dispensed with."

             16. The transferee company has 08 equity shareholders and
             03. unsecured creditors. All the equity shareholders and all

Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                                -29-


             the unsecured creditors have given their consents/no
             objections    in   writing   to    the   proposed   Scheme   of
             Amalgamation. Their consents/no objections have been
             placed on record. They have been examined and found in
             order. In view thereof, the requirement of convening the
             meetings of the equity shareholders and unsecured creditors
             of the transferee company to consider and, if thought fit,
             approve, with or without modification, the proposed Scheme
             of Amalgamation is dispensed with. There is no secured
             creditor of the transferee company, as on 15th December,
             2014.

             17. The application stands allowed in the aforesaid terms."

                                                       (Emphasis supplied)


36.    We find from the Judgment in M/s Almondz Re-Insurance Brokers Pvt.

Ltd. (supra) that in this case also there were unsecured creditors in the

transferor company. The assets of the transferee company post scheme of

merger are substantially enhanced. The rights of the unsecured creditors of

the transferor company were not being adversely affected, as the transferee

company would be better placed to discharge all its liabilities upon the

sanction of the scheme of amalgamation. Keeping this in mind the Hon'ble

High Court dispensed with the requirement of convening the meeting of

unsecured creditors. The ratio laid down in the Almondz Re-Insurance

Brokers (supra) would squarely cover the present case.


37.    We also take note of Judgment of this Appellate Tribunal in the matter

of 'Mohit Agro Commodities Processing Pvt. Ltd. and Anr... Appellant/

Transferor [2021 SCC OnLine NCLAT 1139]'. In its Judgement in paragraph

18 to 21 the Tribunal held the following:



Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                             -30-


             "18. The material on record establishes that the 'Transferee
             Company' is a Wholly Owned Subsidiary of the 'Transferor
             Company' and there is no issuance of any new shares and
             therefore there is no reorganization of share capital and
             consequently no arrangement wherein Shareholders have to
             compromise with Creditors ''Transferor Company'. The
             documentary evidence substantiates that the net worth of
             the 'Transferee Company' is definitely positive.'

             19. We find force in the contention of the Learned Counsel
             appearing for the Appellants that there are no Creditors in
             the   subsidiary    Companies    and    that    the   'Transferee
             Company' is the only Shareholder of the 'Transferor
             Company'.

             20. This Tribunal has placed reliance in 'DLF Phase IV,
             Commercial Developers Limited and Ors.' in Company
             Appeal (AT) No. 180 of 2019 and observed that the scheme
             would not prejudicially affect the Creditors or Shareholders
             of the Appellant Company when an Application is filed by the
             'Transferor Company' or 'Transferee Company', a separate
             Application is not necessary and dispensed with the meeting
             of the equity Shareholders and Creditors of the Appellant
             Company. At the cost of repetition, keeping in view that the
             financial position of the 'Transferee Company' is highly
             positive,    the     merger     does     not      involve        any
             compromise/arrangement        with     any     Creditor     of   the
             Company, that there would be a positive net worth and
             Creditors would not be compromised, the Tribunal ought to
             have exercised the discretion in dispensing with the
             requirement of convening the meeting which would facilitate
             ease of doing business and save time and resources. To
             reiterate, we observe that the rights and liabilities of Secured
             and Unsecured Creditors were not getting affected in any
             manner by way of the proposed scheme as no new shares
             are being issued by the 'Transferor Company' and no
             compromise is offered to any Secured and Unsecured
             Creditors of the 'Transferee Company'. Therefore, we are of

Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                            -31-


             the considered view that when the 'Transferor and
             Transferee Company' involve a parent Company and a
             Wholly    Owned      Subsidiary      the   meeting   of   Equity
             Shareholders, Secured Creditors and Unsecured Creditors
             can be dispensed with as the facts of this case substantiate
             that the rights of the Equity Shareholders of the 'Transferee
             Company' are not being affected.

             21. For all the aforenoted reasons, we allow this Application
             and set aside the direction in respect of the Transferee
             Company issued by the NCLT, to convene the meetings of the
             Equity Shareholders, Secured Creditors and Unsecured
             Creditors on 22.04.2021."

38.    In the case of Mohit Agro (supra) the Appellant company was the

Transferor and Gujarat Ambuja Exports Ltd. was the 'Transferee Company'.

This was a case of scheme of amalgamation of a 'Transferor Company' with

the 'Transferee Company' w.e.f appointed date on the agreed terms and

conditions set out in the scheme in accordance with Sections 230 to 232 of

the Companies Act, 2013. The 'Transferor Company' was wholly owned

subsidiary of the 'Transferee Company' and both the companies were

incorporated in similar nature of activities. There were no Creditors in

subsidiary company in this case but there were creditors in 'Transferee

Company'. This Tribunal vide the Judgment supra held that the merger does

not involve any compromise/ arrangement with any creditor of the company

and that there would be a positive net worth and creditors would not be

compromised. In such a case the Tribunal ought to have exercise its

discretion in dispensing with the requirement of convening the meeting

which would have facilitated the ease of doing business and save time and

resources. The Tribunal further observed that the right and liabilities of


Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                            -32-


secured and unsecured creditors were not getting effected in any manner by

the proposed scheme as no compromise was being offered to any secured or

unsecured creditor. In such a situation this Appellate Tribunal set aside the

directions of the NCLT to convene the meetings of Equity Shareholders,

Secured Creditors and Unsecured Creditors. We note that the ratio of the

Mohit Agro supra is squarely applicable to the facts of the present case.


39.    In the case of 'Reliance Industries Ltd. Through Signatory vs. Registrar

of Companies [2023 SCC OnLine NCLAT 2082]. This Tribunal in paras 23-25

held the following:


            "23. We note that in Section 232(1) of the Companies Act it is
            left to the discretion of the Tribunal, as the word used is
            "may", regarding the holding of meeting of the creditors or
            class of creditors or members or class of members in the
            manner directed by the Tribunal.

            24. This discretion given in section 232(1) to the Tribunal has
            been interpreted by Hon'ble Bombay High Court in the matter
            of Mahaamba Investments Limited (supra) and Eurokids
            India Pvt. Ltd. (supra) and also by this Tribunal in the matter
            of Patel Hydro Power Private Limited (supra) that if the
            Transferor Company is wholly owned subsidiary of the
            Transferee Company and there is no reorganization of the
            share capital of Transferee Company and the creditors and
            shareholders of the Transferee Company are not affected by
            the implementation of the Scheme as the assets of the
            Transferee Company and the Transferor Company far exceed
            their liabilities, the requirement for holding meetings of the
            shareholders, secured and unsecured may be dispensed
            with.

            25. In the light of the detailed aforenoted discussion, and the
            facts of this case wherein the transfer of EPC Undertaking


Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                            -33-


            from the wholly-owned subsidiary RPMSL (of RIL) into the
            parent/transferee company RIL by way of demerger is akin
            to merger of wholly owned subsidiary with the parent
            company RIL, and noting the judgments of Hon'ble Bombay
            High Court in Mahaamba Private Limited (supra) and this
            Tribunal in the matter of Patel Hydro Power Private Limited
            [CA (AT) No. 137 of 2021], we set aside the Impugned Order
            dated 11.5.2023 and direct that the convening and holding of
            meetings of Equity Shareholders, Secured and Unsecured
            Creditors of the Appellant Company RIL is dispensed with
            and further consent affidavits of 90% of the total value of
            shareholders and secured creditors and all unsecured
            creditors will not be necessary at this stage."



40.    The case of Reliance Industries (supra) was also related to merger

between wholly owned subsidiary and the parent company and the net worth

of the Transferee Company after the implementation of the scheme would far

exceed the liabilities in such a case the requirement of holding meetings of

shareholders, secured and unsecured creditors may be dispensed with. Vide

the aforesaid Judgment this Tribunal even dispensed with the consent

affidavits of 90% of the total value of shareholders, secured creditors and

unsecured creditors. In the present case the holding company and its 7

subsidiary company are merging in the 8th subsidiary company. The case is

similar to the Reliance Industries (supra) except that it's a case reverse

merger, where holding company is merging in subsidiary. The aforesaid ratio

is squarely applicable in the present care also.


41.    It is seen from the above Judgments that where a proposed scheme of

arrangement or merger does not entail any compromise or arrangement with

the creditors of the company or otherwise affect their rights and liabilities,


Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025
                                       -34-


and the company possesses sufficient assets and net worth to fully discharge

its liabilities, the requirement of convening a meeting of creditors ought to be

dispensed with.


42.    We have also noted that subsequent to the decision of Ld. NCLT the

Appellant Transferor Companies, which had total unsecured debt of Rs. 5.35

crores as on 31.03.2024 have made further settlements with almost all of the

unsecured creditors and at the time of the filing of the appeal the total

outstanding unsecured debt was only Rs. 13.52 lacs in two companies.


43.    In view of the findings above; the terms of the scheme; and the

Judgments cited by the Appellant Companies, we allow the appeal.            The

directions contained in Paragraphs 24(f) to 24(s) of the Impugned Order dated

10.06.2025

are set aside. The requirement of holding the meeting of unsecured creditors of Appellant Transferor Company is dispensed with.

[Justice Mohd. Faiz Alam Khan] Member (Judicial) [Mr. Indevar Pandey] Member (Technical) SA Company Appeal (AT) No. 171 of 2025