Delhi District Court
Harender Kumar vs State Nct Of Delhi on 29 November, 2025
IN THE COURT OF ANURAG THAKUR:
ADDL. SESSIONS JUDGE (FTC) (EAST DISTRICT)
KARKARDOOMA COURTS: DELHI
CRIMINAL APPEAL NO.348/2025
IN THE MATTER OF:
Harender Kumar
S/o Late Braham Singh,
R/o House No.81, Rasulpur,
Dhantala, Thana Kharkhoda,
Meerut, U.P.
Also at:-
Garh Road, Near Anand Hospital,
Kela Godown, Meerut, U.P. .......Appellant
Versus
State (N.C.T. of Delhi) .....Respondent
Instituted on : 17.11.2025
Reserved on : 21.11.2025
Pronounced on : 29.11.2025
JUDGMENT
1. This appeal is preferred by the convict assailing the judgment dated 10.07.2023 and order on sentence dated 01.02.2025. The appellant was convicted for offence punishable u/s 509 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (in short 'IPC'). Convict was sentenced to undergo simple imprisonment for a period of eight months as well as to pay fine of Rs.2,000/- and in default of Crl. Appeal No. 348/2025 Harender Kumar vs. State (NCT of Delhi) 1 of 15 Digitally signed by ANURAG ANURAG THAKUR THAKUR Date:
2025.11.29 16:19:40 +0530 payment of fine, he was directed to undergo simple imprisonment for a period of one month.
2. The present appeal has been filed inter-alia on grounds that the judgment and order on sentence are (i) based on surmises and conjectures, (ii) whims and fancies, (iii) same are against the basic principles of criminal law and (iv) contrary to facts. It is contended that the testimony of PW-1 (Sudha Gupta) is replete with inconsistencies and it also contradicts the statement made by her during investigation. It is further canvassed that trial court failed to consider the fact that PW-1 admitted that appellant used to visit her home and there was some dispute between them regarding money. It is claimed that trial court completely ignored the fact that the appellant had remained in custody for a period of 30 days during trial. It is adumbrated that the appellant is physically disabled person, he is liable to maintain his wife and minor daughter, he has faced the trial for about 11 years which in itself is a punishment, he is not a previous convict and no complaint is pending against him in any court of law, so the order on sentence is extremely harsh. Ld. counsel for appellant pleaded that considering the facts and circumstances, the conviction of the appellant be reversed and order on sentence be also set aside.
3. An application seeking condonation of delay in filing the appeal was made with the appeal, praying that the delay of more than six months in preferring the appeal be condoned. Various Crl. Appeal No. 348/2025 Harender Kumar vs. State (NCT of Delhi) 2 of 15 Digitally signed by ANURAG ANURAG THAKUR THAKUR Date:
2025.11.29 16:19:54 +0530 factors like death of father of appellant, illness of his mother, financial constraints and illiteracy have been pleaded to explain the delay.
4. Ld. Addl. PP for the State submitted that there is no error in the judgment and order on sentence passed by the trial court. He adumbrated that the judgment is based upon facts and the extant applicable law. He submitted that the appeal is bereft of merit, so the same be dismissed. He prayed that no leniency be shown to the convict. However, the complainant (duly assisted by her counsel) submitted that she has no objection if the convict is released on the imprisonment already undergone by him. She requested that the convict be directed not to meddle in her affairs.
5. I have cogitated over the rival submissions and perused the material on record including the TCR. My observations on the issues agitated are delineated hereinafter.
6. There is no gainsaying that the jurisdiction of the First Ap- pellate Court is co-extensive with that of the trial court. In the judgment titled as Narendra Bhat and Anr. vs State of Karnataka, (2009) 10 SCC 785; the Apex Court while discussing the duties of appellate court observed as under:-
3. This Court has in a series of judgments held that a court exercising appellate power must not only consider questions of law but also questions of fact and in doing so it must sub-
ject the evidence to a critical scrutiny. The judgment of the High Court must show that the court really applied its mind Crl. Appeal No. 348/2025 Harender Kumar vs. State (NCT of Delhi) 3 of 15 Digitally signed by ANURAG ANURAG THAKUR THAKUR Date:
2025.11.29 16:20:05 +0530 to the facts of the case as particularly when the offence al- leged is of a serious nature and may attract a heavy punish- ment.
Hence, in addition to deciding questions of law, this court is obliged to appreciate the facts of the case without being influ- enced by the observations made and conclusions reached by the trial court.
7. It is imperative to first decide the application seeking condonation of delay in filing this appeal. The appellant was sentenced on 01.02.2025 and he ought to have preferred the appeal within the next thirty days. However, the appeal was filed only on 15.11.2025 i.e. after a delay of more than eight months. The documents placed on record by appellant show that his father indeed died on 16.01.2025 and his mother is continuously undergoing treatment since the year 2024 for degenerative changes in spine. In the victim impact report before the trial court, it was mentioned that the convict is so destitute that he would not be in a position to monetarily compensate the complainant, thus it is exceedingly clear that the appellant is facing economic hardship. It has been stated in the application that the appellant was occupied in looking after his family in the difficult time (after passing away of his father) and he was also tending to his bed-ridden mother, so he could not prefer the appeal in time. It is also to be kept in mind that the trial court took the convict into custody for undergoing sentence on 09.10.2025 and it took another 36 days for an appeal to be filed.
Crl. Appeal No. 348/2025 Harender Kumar vs. State (NCT of Delhi) 4 of 15 Digitally signed by ANURAG ANURAG THAKUR THAKUR Date:
2025.11.29 16:20:22 +0530 The extreme hardships and trying times being faced by the convict and his family are evident. Considering the factors mentioned in the application, the delay in filing the present appeal is condoned as sufficient cause has been shown for not filing the appeal within the prescribed period of limitation.
8. At this juncture, it is profitable to advert to the facts of the case. Succinctly put, the case of the prosecution is that on 12.01.2013 at about 05:00 p.m in front of Sai Hotel, A-91, G.D.Colony, Mayur Vihar, Phase-III, Delhi, appellant intended to insult the modesty of complainant Sudha Gupta and uttered words 'tu dhanda karti hai, randi, veshya, behan ki lodi, teri ladki bhi randi hai, tera aadmi dalla hai' (you and your daughter are prostitutes and your husband is a pimp) and made obscene gestures to her. In the mean time, (PW-3) SI Shankar Lal and (PW-4) Ct. Vinod (who were returning after attending an accident case) reached at the spot and apprehended Harender.
9. The prosecution examined only four witnesses to substan-
tiate the allegations leveled against Harender. Undoubtedly, the star witness of the prosecution is complainant Sudha Gupta. Her testimony is reproduced in verbatim, which is as follows:-
PW-1: Smt. Sudha Gupta, W/o Sh. Nem Prakash, R/o B-637, Flat No. 24, Mayur Vihar Ph-III. Delhi. On S.A I have been residing at the abovesaid address alongwith my family.
In the year 2013, I was running a hotel at A-191, Mayur Vihar Ph-III. On 12.01.2013 at about 5.00 p.m., when Crl. Appeal No. 348/2025 Harender Kumar vs. State (NCT of Delhi) 5 of 15 Digitally signed by ANURAG ANURAG THAKUR THAKUR Date:
2025.11.29 16:20:50 +0530 I was present at my shop/hotel, one person namely Harinder was abusing me from the front of my shop and also using filthy language to me such as "tu dhanda karti hai, randi, veshya, behen ki lod, teri ladki bhi randi hai, tera aadmi dalla hai" and wanted to beat me. Prior to this incident, accused was also doing the same act for last 2-3 days. Thereafter, I made call at 100 number. Police came at the spot. Police took me and accused to the PS, where IO namely Shankar Lal recorded my statement, which is Ex.PW1/A bearing my signature at point A. IO prepared site plan at my instance which is Ex.PW1/B bearing my signature at point A. IO had arrested the accused vide arrest memo Ex.PW1/C and conducted his personal search vide personal memo Ex.PW1/D, both bearing my signature at points A. Accused is present in the Court today (correctly identified the witness).
XXXX by Sh. S.K. Tiwari Ld. Counsel for accused.
I am 9th passed. I can read and write Hindi only. I have three children i.e. elder daughter Chesta Gupta, then Vidhi and then my son Kushal. I have been running my shop since 2003. In the year 2013. one servant namely Ramesh was working in the hotel. I know the accused for last 3-4 years. Again said since 2006. I know the accused because he used to come at my hotel to take meal. In the year 2006, accused was being beaten by some persons in front of my hotel and we escaped him from the said persons and took him to my home for the said night. After this incident, parents of accused came at my home after 2-3 days. Mother of the accused was ill and she remained at my home for 2-3 days. After this incident, whenever family member of accused used to come in Delhi, they used to meet us. Accused was a driver of bus and my brother Lalit was conductor in the said bus. Thereafter, we had started visiting terms. Thereafter, accused used to reside at my home as a family member and started working at my hotel. My children became very familiar with the accused. When I came to know in the year 2008, accused started to take alcohol. I admitted accused in the Nashamukti hospital. He remained there for two months and after two months, he came to my house and said that I will not take alcohol, however, he again started consuming liquor. In the year 2009, accused fled from my away from my house with Rs. 1,20,000/-. I did not lodge any complainant in this regard. After six month of the birth of my child Kushal, accused again came in front of my house and was calling to us. After three months accused came alongwith Sukhbir Bhai and also Crl. Appeal No. 348/2025 Harender Kumar vs. State (NCT of Delhi) 6 of 15 Digitally signed by ANURAG ANURAG THAKUR THAKUR Date:
2025.11.29 16:21:04 +0530 apologized from us and assured me to return the stolen money in installments and used to return every Saturday and Sunday whatever money was saved by accused (Rs. 400/- or Rs. 500/-). Accused paid the said installment money for 5-6 months in the year 2010.
In the year 2011. I again started a shop/hotel at A-191, Mayur Vihar Ph-III, G.D. Colony. Accused helped me in the said hotel from 2011 to 2013. It is correct that quarrel between us took place with regard to consuming of liquor by the accused. I did not call at 100 number between 2011 to 2013. After 2013 to 2017, 1 did not meet with accused personally. However, generally accused used to come at my shop in drinking condition.
It is wrong to suggest that accused did not abuse me and misbehaved with me or that said incident was arisen when accused stopped to give his earned money. It is correct that I had provided the cloth to the accused when he was in PS. When I visited the PS to give cloths, accused was not present in the PS. No site plan was prepared in my presence. All the proceeding conducted by the police official in the PS. It is wrong to suggest that I am deposing falsely. The manner in which testimonies of witnesses are to be appreci- ated, has been laid down by the Apex Court in the case of Balu Sudam Khalde vs The State of Maharashtra 2023 SCC Online SC 355; as under:-
25. The appreciation of ocular evidence is a hard task. There is no fixed or straight-jacket formula for appreciation of the ocular evidence. The judicially evolved principles for appreciation of ocular evidence in a criminal case can be enumerated as under:
"I. While appreciating the evidence of a witness, the approach must be whether the evidence of the witness read as a whole appears to have a ring of truth. Once that impression is formed, it is undoubtedly necessary for the Court to scrutinize the evidence more particularly keeping in view the deficiencies, drawbacks and infirmities pointed out in the evidence as a whole and evaluate them to find out whether it is against the general tenor of the evidence given by the witness and whether the earlier evaluation of the evidence is shaken as to render it unworthy of belief. II. If the Court before whom the witness gives evidence had the opportunity to form the opinion about the general tenor of Crl. Appeal No. 348/2025 Harender Kumar vs. State (NCT of Delhi) 7 of 15 Digitally signed by ANURAG ANURAG THAKUR THAKUR Date:
2025.11.29 16:21:16 +0530 evidence given by the witness, the appellate court which had not this benefit will have to attach due weight to the appreciation of evidence by the trial court and unless there are reasons weighty and formidable it would not be proper to reject the evidence on the ground of minor variations or infirmities in the matter of trivial details. III. When eye-witness is examined at length it is quite possible for him to make some discrepancies. But courts should bear in mind that it is only when discrepancies in the evidence of a witness are so incompatible with the credibility of his version that the court is justified in jettisoning his evidence.
IV. Minor discrepancies on trivial matters not touching the core of the case, hyper technical approach by taking sentences torn out of context here or there from the evidence, attaching importance to some technical error committed by the investigating officer not going to the root of the matter would not ordinarily permit rejection of the evidence as a whole.
V. Too serious a view to be adopted on mere variations falling in the narration of an incident (either as between the evidence of two witnesses or as between two statements of the same witness) is an unrealistic approach for judicial scrutiny.
VI. By and large a witness cannot be expected to possess a photographic memory and to recall the details of an incident. It is not as if a video tape is replayed on the mental screen. VII. Ordinarily it so happens that a witness is overtaken by events. The witness could not have anticipated the occurrence which so often has an element of surprise. The mental faculties therefore cannot be expected to be attuned to absorb the details.
VIII. The powers of observation differ from person to person. What one may notice, another may not. An object or movement might emboss its image on one person's mind whereas it might go unnoticed on the part of another. IX. By and large people cannot accurately recall a conversation and reproduce the very words used by them or heard by them. They can only recall the main purport of the conversation. It is unrealistic to expect a witness to be a human tape recorder.
X. In regard to exact time of an incident, or the time duration of an occurrence, usually, people make their estimates by Crl. Appeal No. 348/2025 Harender Kumar vs. State (NCT of Delhi) 8 of 15 Digitally signed by ANURAG ANURAG THAKUR THAKUR Date:
2025.11.29 16:21:26 +0530 guess work on the spur of the moment at the time of interrogation. And one cannot expect people to make very precise or reliable estimates in such matters. Again, it depends on the time-sense of individuals which varies from person to person.
XI. Ordinarily a witness cannot be expected to recall accurately the sequence of events which take place in rapid succession or in a short time span. A witness is liable to get confused, or mixed up when interrogated later on. XII. A witness, though wholly truthful, is liable to be overawed by the court atmosphere and the piercing cross examination by counsel and out of nervousness mix up facts, get confused regarding sequence of events, or fill up details from imagination on the spur of the moment. The sub- conscious mind of the witness sometimes so operates on account of the fear of looking foolish or being disbelieved though the witness is giving a truthful and honest account of the occurrence witnessed by him.
XIII. A former statement though seemingly inconsistent with the evidence need not necessarily be sufficient to amount to contradiction. Unless the former statement has the potency to discredit the later statement, even if the later statement is at variance with the former to some extent it would not be helpful to contradict that witness." [See Bharwada Bhoginbhai Hirjibhai v. State of Gujarat 1983 Cri LJ 1096 : (AIR 1983 SC 753) Leela Ram v. State of Haryana AIR 1995 SC 3717 and Tahsildar Singh v. State of UP (AIR 1959 SC 1012)] The testimony of PW-1, read as a whole appears to have ring of truth around it. No prevaricating answers have been given by the complainant in her cross-examination. She made no attempt to hide facts. In fact, she candidly disclosed that appellant used to reside at her home like a family member and her children became familiar with him. She also revealed about the efforts made by her to reform the appellant. She even admitted that she provided clothes to the appellant when he was locked in the police station.
She cared for the well being of the appellant is clear as noon day. However, irrespective of the relationship between a man and a Crl. Appeal No. 348/2025 Harender Kumar vs. State (NCT of Delhi) 9 of 15 Digitally signed by ANURAG ANURAG THAKUR THAKUR Date:
2025.11.29 16:21:38 +0530 woman, no man has the right or authority to act in a manner in- tending to insult the modesty of any woman. The testimony of PW-1 has withstood the rigour of cross-examination and her tes- timony is unshaken on the aspect of the words uttered by the ap- pellant on 12.01.2013. Though she deposed that the site plan Ex. PW1/B was not made at her instance but it bears her signature. In the case at hand, the site plan of the place of occurrence is not vital as distinguishable from an accident case or a murder case where site plan may play a pivotal role in explaining or depicting the manner in which the incident occurred. It is unlikely that a victim would let the real culprit escape and would instead impli- cate an innocent person especially the person for whom she deeply cared. The testimony of PW-1 is cogent, trustworthy and inspires confidence.
10. (PW-3) SI Shankar Lal and (PW-4) Ct. Vinod both depo- sed that they saw the appellant abusing the complainant. Thus, there are two eye-witnesses of the incident. Their testimonies are also fairly consisitent on material aspects of the case. Conviction can be based even on the sole testimony of an eye witness. It is the quality of evidence and not its quantity which is material. In the case of Amar Singh vs The State (NCT of Delhi), AIR 2020 SC 4894; the Apex Court held the following regarding the find- ing of guilt based on the testimony of an eyewitness:-
16. Thus the finding of guilt of the two accused appellants recorded by the two Courts below is based on sole testimony of eye witness PW-1. As a general rule the Court can and may act on the testimony of single eye witness provided he is Crl. Appeal No. 348/2025 Harender Kumar vs. State (NCT of Delhi) 10 of 15 Digitally signed by ANURAG ANURAG THAKUR THAKUR Date:
2025.11.29 16:21:47 +0530 wholly reliable. There is no legal impediment in convicting a person on the sole testimony of a single witness. That is the logic of Section 134 of the Evidence Act, 1872. But if there are doubts about the testimony Courts will insist on corrobo- ration. It is not the number, the quantity but quality that is material. The time honoured principle is that evidence has to be weighed and not counted. On this principle stands the edi- fice of Section 134 of the Evidence Act. The test is whether the evidence has a ring of truth, is cogent, credible and trust- worthy or otherwise (see Sunil Kumar V/s State Government of NCT of Delhi).
Though there is some inconsistency in the testimonies of (PW-3) and (PW-4) regarding the presence of public witnesses at the spot and efforts made to ask them to join investigation but on material aspect of convict abusing the complainant, they are ad idem. Their testimonies appear natural and can be relied upon. There is no impediment in convicting a person on the testimonies of poli- ce witnesses. Reliance in this regard is placed upon the judgment of the Apex Court in the case of Sathyan vs State of Kerala, 2023/INSC/703; wherein it held as follows:-
22. Conviction being based solely on the evidence of police officials is no longer an issue on which the jury is out. In other words, the law is well settled that if the evidence of such a police officer is found to be reliable, trustworthy then basing the conviction thereupon, cannot be questioned, and the same shall stand on firm ground. This Court in Pramod Kumar v. State (Govt. of NCT of Delhi)
13. This Court, after referring to State of U.P. v. Anil Singh [1988 Supp SCC 686 : 1989 SCC (Cri) 48], State (Govt. of NCT of Delhi) v.
Sunil [(2001) 1 SCC 652 : 2001 10 (2013) 6 SCC 588 SCC (Cri) 248] and Ramjee Rai v. State of Bihar [(2006) 13 SCC 229 : (2007) 2 SCC (Cri) 626] has laid down recently in Kashmiri Lal v. State of Haryana [(2013) 6 SCC 595 : 2013 AIR SCW 3102] that there is no absolute command of law that the police officers cannot be cited as witnesses and their testimony should always be treated with suspicion. Ordinarily, the public at large show their disinclination to come forward to become witnesses. If the testimony of the police officer is found to be reliable and trustworthy, the court can definitely act upon the same. If, in the course of scrutinising the evidence, the court finds the evidence of the police officer as unreliable and untrustworthy, the court may disbelieve him but it should not do so solely on the Crl. Appeal No. 348/2025 Harender Kumar vs. State (NCT of Delhi) 11 of 15 Digitally signed by ANURAG ANURAG THAKUR THAKUR Date:
2025.11.29 16:22:17 +0530 presumption that a witness from the Department of Police should be viewed with distrust. This is also based on the principle that quality of the evidence weighs over the quantity of evidence.
23. Referring to State (Govt. of NCT of Delhi) v. Sunil, in Kulwinder Singh v. State of Punjab this court held that: -
"23. ... That apart, the case of the prosecution cannot be rejected solely on the ground that independent witnesses have not been examined when, on the perusal of the evidence on record the Court finds that the case put forth by the prosecution is trustworthy. When the evidence of the official witnesses is trustworthy and credible, there is no reason not to rest the conviction on the basis of their evidence."
24. We must note, that in the former it was observed:-
"21... At any rate, the court cannot start with the presumption that the police records are untrustworthy. As a proposition of law the presumption should be the other way around. That official acts of the police have been regularly performed is a wise principle of presumption and recognized even by the legislature... If the court has any good reason to suspect the truthfulness of such records of the police the court could certainly take into account the fact that no other independent person was present at the time of recovery. But it is not a legally approvable procedure to presume the police action as unreliable to start with, nor to jettison such action merely for the reason that police did not collect signatures of independent persons in the documents made contemporaneous with such actions."
25. Recently, this Court in Mohd. Naushad v. State (NCT of Delhi) had observed that the testimonies of police witnesses, as well as pointing out memos do not stand vitiated due to the absence of independent witnesses.
26. It is clear from the above propositions of law, as reproduced and referred to, that the testimonies of official witnesses can nay be discarded simply because independent witnesses were not examined. The correctness or authenticity is only to be doubted on "any good reason" which, quite apparently is missing from the present case. No reason is forthcoming on behalf of the Appellant to challenge the veracity of the testimonies of PW-1 and PW-2, which the courts below have found absolutely to be inspiring in confidence. Therefore, basing the conviction on the basis of testimony of the police witnesses as undertaken by the trial court and is confirmed by the High Court vide the impugned judgment, cannot be faulted with.
The testimonies of all the prosecution witnesses when taken as a whole lead to the irresistible conclusion that the appellant was Crl. Appeal No. 348/2025 Harender Kumar vs. State (NCT of Delhi) 12 of 15 Digitally signed by ANURAG ANURAG THAKUR THAKUR Date:
2025.11.29 16:22:39 +0530 using intemperate language against the complainant at the time of incident.
11. Modesty means 'womanly propriety of behaviour, scrupu-
lous chastity of thought, speech and conduct (in men and women) reserve or sense of shame proceeding from instinctive aversion to impure or coarse suggestion (See State of Punjab vs Major Singh, 1967 AIR 63). Section 509 IPC makes punishable the ut- terance of any word or making of any sound or gesture intending that such word or sound shall be heard or that gesture shall be seen by such woman with the intent to insult the modesty of that woman. PW-1 in her testimony clearly stated tha the appellant was abusing her by saying 'tu dhanda karti hai, randi, veshya, be- han ki lodi, teri ladki bhi randi hai, tera aadmi dalla hai '. The in- gredients of offence u/s 509 IPC are well proved. The impugned judgment is based on facts and extant applicable law has been duly applied to the facts of the case to reach a just conclusion. Accordingly, the judgment dated 10.07.2023 is upheld as the sa- me suffers from no defect or perversity.
12. So far as the order on sentence dated 01.02.2025 is con- cerned, this court finds that the same is unduly harsh, especially considering the circumstances of the appellant and his family. As per the victim impact report filed before the ld. trial court, the ap- pellant is unemployed due to a physical disability and has no source of income. He has no movable or immovable property in Crl. Appeal No. 348/2025 Harender Kumar vs. State (NCT of Delhi) 13 of 15 Digitally signed by ANURAG ANURAG THAKUR THAKUR Date:
2025.11.29 16:22:53 +0530 his name. He does not even have a bank account. His wife and minor daughter are dependent upon him. He resides at Merrut, U.P. in a tenanted premises. Further more, the complainant her- self requested this court to reduce the sentence of the appellant. Even the Secretary, DLSA (East), had assessed that the convict had limited financial capacity to compensate the victim. As per the previous conviction record of the convict filed today, he is in- volved in no other offence and he has not been previously con- victed for any offence whatsoever. The appellant remained in jail for a period of 30 days during trial and is currently lodged in jail since 09.10.2025 till date. This continued incarceration of appel- lant would have an adverse economic impact on the already hap- less and impoverished family of the convict and may drive them to vagrancy. Accordingly, considering all the facts and circum- stances, this Court deems it appropriate to modify the sentence as follows:-
(a) The convict shall undergo simple imprisonment for a period of three months;
(b) He shall also pay fine of Rs.500/-;
(c) In-default of payment of fine, he shall undergo simple imprisonment for a period of 7 days;
(d) Benefit u/s 482 Cr.PC for the period of detention/incar-
ceration already undergone by him is afforded to him;
13. Copy of this judgment be given dasti, free of cost against acknowledgment to the respondent. A copy of this judgment be Crl. Appeal No. 348/2025 Harender Kumar vs. State (NCT of Delhi) 14 of 15 Digitally signed by ANURAG ANURAG THAKUR THAKUR Date:
2025.11.29 16:23:20 +0530 also sent to the trial court or its successor court for information and compliance. TCR be also sent back to the court concerned within three working days. Copy of this judgment be also sent to the Jail Superintendent concerned for information and compliance.
Dictated and announced in open Court on 29th November, 2025 Digitally signed ANURAG by ANURAG THAKUR THAKUR Date: 2025.11.29 16:23:32 +0530 (Anurag Thakur) Addl. Sessions Judge (FTC) (East) Karkardooma Courts, Delhi This judgment consists of 15 pages and each and every page of this judgment is signed by me.
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