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[Cites 28, Cited by 7]

Karnataka High Court

C Ramaiah Reddy vs The Assistant Commissioner Of Income ... on 8 September, 2010

Bench: N.Kumar, H.S.Kempanna

IN THE HIGH COURT OF

ATAKA AT BANGALORE

Dated this the 6 day of September, 28 10

PREESIENT

THE HON BLE MR. Jus STICE NN KUMAR,

AND as

BETWEEN:

Sri A Shankar, Advocate}

Assistant Comms sioner
tneome Tax (IMV , aa



"ad

action of the authorizing officer anterior to the
ayy

commencing the assessrnen!

prohibitary order under section 182 ih, respect "of certain

5 ef wag gee oo, rr ae ee wb gk at Py gee Pog
jewelleries. books of accounts, ete.. founc

Later on, on 24.04

were earlier kepl uncer tie

There was no seizure lected

proceedings
BS

concluded in the panchanama. it states. the prohibitory oraer

_ arn order of block

wo ie as ee / ze SESORE fbenugtf Fhe pa wegary £4 gt
was. passed can OS,12.1995 itsell. Therealte

bog pe oe oe gegen ges Tee A et
the Income Tax Act

ny pea pie gta gd
Was Dassec

essment officer on 26.01.) Aggrieved by the said

ae wae

See



oe be

ithe assessee preferred an appeal. beiore

the Tribunal in accordance with the provisions epithe taw,

was prevailing at the relevant poin(-ef time. The- aSSESSER

contended belore the Tribunal among olhe

block assessment was barred Dy. limitation wwnecr.Section -

f thesAct, When the matter was- before

application for

view of the

of the issues lvdlyed in

framed three Questions for consideration by the

"points that were referred for

consideration by

SCOPE OF APPEAL

ql could exarnine

so

fp Whether the Tripu

io at what point of time the search

1 come fo a

would said fo pape pb



(a)

examining whether the assessment

in time or ofmerun

LIMITATION

Whether the erm within one year ror

the end of the period in wich: tne last

Section "152. was exectted. has to pe

tuken to mean the execution of ihe

rsuing of prohibilory
thal are
are $0
an 'the basis of the only

that LOds resued

_PANCHANAMA

hether, where a search is ca

the basis of the authorization resulling
in seizure of some items, issue of
prohibitory order on others, such
search could be said to be genuine

and comes to a clase only when the



ARGUMENTS

4. 'The learnecl counsel for the «a

Py

should

culminating im the

in commie to the said

complied with. A valid

ie DPoCeE



assessment and

there was a valid search, when it is disputed, there ce

issue of any notice under Section

further coniended thai ite starting point of unilfation

ama is made in respect of
ceiGies conducting the

Gain

Search Are FIOL en

i to visit. the premises lor searching a

1e-SuDdD

"quent Visil is noi

scection of the articles and

og geen be by fhe eee oe EE pyeray vpuonbyerseareevarecn yes
peor biLory JOE der. U AYLy Peart PUATICUTIAS are

u

visiis/inspection. they could not

hanemas of searc

COTISICS

omy 98, ggg we ot : £ dle, peeve meee af ¢he merinrd af lemitatingy
conmipiitat of lhe commencement of the period ol bmiutalion.

; ve : Pete - op ok -- Ls eg ogetg "E wy Sete mi 7 a rs oa iy os ms
a-prokidbifory order as contemplated under Section

power alter commencing tne

authorized cllice



Sn.

ne

9

search to

at any rate. -s

adjourned date on which the panchanama is written

subsequent visits or inspectic

daily concluded that ireed as the last

» period of limitation

is to be computed.

"the. learned Senior Counsel appearing

earch proceedings were

€

"tne material collected during

SERRE AG SERN

Aa

ne basis of the returns Uled in pursuance

ONES

%

the assessing olficer passes a

issued,

In am appeal filec

order, the

". "proceedings cannot i



eorntinuation of search proceccdings under Section 132()) of

Aet.

Further, ne contendec

"ation in which event ior Uae purpe

more than one authori

» which has to be

limitation. it is the last of such auiporizad

onsideration. ~ Purthér.- he. conte

sursuenice of an authori

pince a:

"to. pass prohibitory order,

fix the cate

srveriient to him, fe can Visit

the authorization, which was

e has recorded that the search is completed would be basis

ing point of imitation as contempiated under law,

e

Be eee ec

ae

BB


for

rey

Therefore, the subsequent visits

of the search proceedings

atihorizavion.,

aa

The authorizatio:

£4 ey Play pueyey el oy et
finally concluded

not call for any interference:

POINTS FOR CONSIDERATION --

os a "Wherher the Tribunal is entitled in law to look into

"all the aspects of search in an app

SSYTLCTH

respect of a block asse

Act, 1961?

uaeneeY

EES ET NENTS

Ses

e

iS

CCS

a

ee

Os

Cee

on

ne


een,
emt w
joo

point of limitation "for. the

he block ass
jon 158BE of ihe income

Vax Aci. 196)

sper

pler Was

fect from O1.07.1995.

Section [SRE

- tito effect from 01.06.2003, provides thal

a

- Section 122 or books of

any asseis or requisition under

In other

Hon. lb defi

a Ee pe ge Fee ty yt ee
Bc losegd iTicOme.

g
=



Explanation. -For the removal of doubts. if is hereby.

declared] treat --

fa the assessment made under this. CNepter

shall be in additlons to ihe.

Choe

cluded in the block period:

{p} fhe total uncle aclos sed tie OME TE lau 1s abe

may,
foot

Santee

block period shall nat include the income

assessed HW. GRY FEGUGr "assessinent fis

incame Ops 8

Chapler shal

assessed in

nol be include a the regular assessment of

GY OFeViOUs. yee a. included in the block

assessee praves fo the

sing Officer that anu part
Ag Spy if

eferred to in sub-section (1; relates (o

Le
ye
i

1 fhe prevt

sessment year for whic

8 year

Reissnot enced or the date of fling the return of

income under sub-section (1) of Section 1c9 jor

any previous year has not expired. and such

income or the transactions relating lo such ticorne



are recorded on or before the daie of the searcivor- .
requisition in the books of account or OLRER

documents maintained i the

eat

relating to such previous years, (Ne. scid tricone

shed] not be included in the bine

2 REF f

the assess

oliver the undisclosed income in

IV-B. The total

accordance :

ae

t the rate prescribec

ib-section (2), Explanation ta the

¢ es that the assessment mace under tis Chapter

shall be inv addition to the regular assessme ol

vear including the biock period. it further

relating to block

clarifies that the total undisclosed

ROR

US

Aan

LARS ae

NESS

2



3
shan
wmf
Seon
"
ron
"oat
pte
Jnonget
foot
ah
fs
me
et
a,
Nt
re
h
a
ied

30.06.1995 be it is av fipst

appeal. However, now the position has cl

,

of Income "Tax

period, first appeal Hes to the Commissic

(Appeals) and

Tribunal. Therelore

first appel

Jeo

teewindindiary avidedk de > 3 Ley poy
: jurisdiction which js eorter

of uneisclosed income

cH initiated under Section 132. The

J82f1): Where the [Director General or

rector] or the [Chief Commissioner -- or

Commissioner) jor ary such (Joint Director) or
"lf Yaad he yds god

Wont Commissioner] as may be empowered in

this behall

by the Board], it consequence of

2
&
ie



norman in his possession. has reason fo.

belleve thal

fa} any person Ow

summons under sub-section! i) oF Sechior.

37 of the Indian Income-tax Act, 1922 fide

of 1922), or under Sub- section: ie

section 1S) 0 ma notice uuncler :

cone

subsection ! Section, 22 of % the Indian

Mieame-foax Act,

cor under. sub-

Sec Or

is suéd om produce, or cause fo be

court <i other decuments as

Such SLuTTONS or riolice, or

a iL. aa ee -- we se we epabyee ,
- {b} any person fo whom a

be issued uNli not, or

* pr OdLICE OF couse

"books of account
which will be useful for, or relepant to,

ari proceeding under the incdiart income-



fA}

ic}

ssion.

of any money, Pullion, jewellery. or ether'

such prnorneny.

ing edigees: ¢
bullion, fe

or thing represents either ieholly or renrhiu
oF . : " m8 i OEE

Acts pot been, or

HECcnnie

for the purposes

undisclosed

hoor Director or the Chiey

-Commissioner ar Commissioner, as the Ctise

ise any Additional Direc

» Depinay- Director, Assistant Comurissioner or

Deputy Commissioner or incoime-tax. Of fleer, or

"Suen Additional Dlrector or Additional

Commissioner or Joint Director. oF wigan



_
u

fommissioner, as ihe case may be, may.
aquinorise any Assistan) Director or

DXre

tor, Assistant

Conumissioner or Income-fax

So aulhort

hereinafter referred lo as the.anthorised

LESSEE:

reason ot

Pie TL OP OF

Gre Mer _

i583 oT ee ee re Fyn onye a
Ly Break open ine lock of any door, box,

locker, Safe, alriran or other receptacle

"jer exercising the potwers conferred by

fi where the keys thereof are nol

fliay- search any person who has got oui of. or

about to get into, or is in, the puilc

ig. place,

vessel, vehicle or aircraft, if the authorised!



BO
ney

officer has reason to suspect that such person.

has secreted about his person any such books op

, . neeen oy Say FPS Sars
GCCOLTT, other  docturienis, PREOPLCT), ll LLG be

jewellery or other valuable article or ining:

i ab .

OPOKS OF o

POSSE Ssion or ¢

obher docurmerus

electronic record as <.
section (1) of section:
Tec! hnology y y Act. 2000

auihori

cic CLT OPES.

'such boéks of ¢

decumenis, momely, DuUMion,

- other paluable article or thing found as a

=
aa
fs
pe
fon
Pn
ron
os
cared
i,
oft
ia
sy
nigel
a
Of
a
a
i
os
ag

lion, jewellery or other

Provided. t}

'

Fas a resulf of such search

'shall not be seized but the authorised

rok
tay

trade of the pusiness: hoo
we

"inthe form of:

s article or (hing. being stock-In-tracde of

se Sa Hci

SHEE

ee

ON


Provided further that where it is not possible

or practicable to take physical poss

place due to ils volume, weight or oiher physi

or due to iis being Gf.a dange

nature, the authorised

authorised of

Provided 'also thei nothing contained in the

"secénd proviso shall apply in case of any

Provided also that mo authorisation shall be

issued by the Additional Director or Additional

"Corunissioner or dom Director or Joint

er on or after the iS of Octonper,

q

Corin



ra)

Li. The heading of Seciion [32°

F

words "search" and "seizure". rhe-word

house or olfrer ©

y. or some evidence of guilty to be
Wion of a criminal action for some crime or

arged" (5%

edition). The word

act

peat
cy

y as the "the

ek's Law Dictiona

Term implies a taking or

3

or comstruclive of

- another person or persons" Sh edition).

ny £% os A ES phot ees TO eae nia a hag be Ey o mye ryee be TEE TE bla e
IZ. A Division Bench of this Court expiaining tne

difference between search and seizure, searcn and an

EN


eee

ifs

mispection in the case ol 'G. AGADT AND BROTHERS VS.
THE COMMERCIAL TAX OFFICER, ENF ORCEMEN
NORTHERN ZONE, BELGAUM [(1973).5TC XXKET : 243} hes .

held as under:-

a8 oF ae wes BS v= 3. y. . wie
'AU searches pub aul

inspeciions are mer

A, seth is' a
thorough inspection _ building oF
premises OF. of fis. } object of
discovering - id furnish.

evidenée 2 af gual ors ne alfence 4 oth which he is

that Le whieh : COPICE sailed. ips 1@ object sought Jor is

alias in pl Hf the

'had been kept in the ecuriler

private OLE our book

vopenly atall fimes and (hey could have been, found

- on. mspection al ary time of the cay. then tne

SEZ ive of such aecount books carmot be sce fo

rape made afler a set arch"

ES

Thas Court in the case of SOUTHERN HERBALS LTD Vs.
DIRECTOR OF INCOME-TAX (NVESTIGT. YON) AND OTHERS

norted in $994 (207) ITR &S has observed as under:

jospoa



in the enquiry to be held regarding

this stage, ts purpose is to get hole of evident

bearing on the tax liability af a person,

said person is suspected io fave been witht

from the assessing authority and fo get hola

assets repre

f

rundisclosed income. The s
resolues tp ie order
imposing tox Uaiilit.

stage, ail,

ft materials fram wohich ©

is sought fo be inferred

. At-the initial stage of search and seizure, t

pif the Revenue places

'before.2 cOurh fo exarnune
sf

verial on which search and selzure Is ordered,

£

"relevant to the exercise of the power under

vection 132(1): the material placed Jor the court's

perusal cannot be disclosed to the petitioner."

ad



e of

in the cas KISANDAS GULABDAS AND SONS --
Vs. STATE OF MYSORE {(1971) 27 STC 434) the Court

consicere : reds as (Glows'

iB a ri «
ie? Fe Euan Gh SICCOLOLES

ieatee he rpowild be

nol ever!
surprise visit along

secrched and seized

some eccou and ciher documenis uwithoul

escribed under the Code

If his interiion wes only to
opertiy, the Gecounts. if was urmecessary for him to

e premises of the petitioner. We have no

'premise:

"accoun fs anc other documents, but made it appear

were voluntarily giver? (0 nun.



PROCEDURE

we
3
a

'7

EP?

rinal

uF

wed
m

arches

SEE

CP

£

SE aR REA RN See

7 y

ferriit

£
&

nt
"
Nt
i
peo "ho
. aS
ee Sat
set omen
Ea
pened
po
son



ae
ef

require any officer suborcdincale to him io make the. >

search, arid he shall deliver to sucht suk

officer an order in Lorit

ved oe

he searched, aric » dhe thing for
which search fs fo be rmade:~ ane such

'ch for

fA reed everest rere
feb} EP PRe OPS LOTTs

a
i}
4 pl
Be,

ea bey vy vg ate Mg ge ete ite
} shail, as far as

'ch. mede under this

may be,

Sector:

ape ayy. record pide tuyider sib-

nowvered io take

ee

'ser to ine neares
Oo CORN

ache

c COUPER.

1, free of cost, with a copy ef the same by

sy stra fe,

A Constitution Bench of the Ar

of Commissioner of Commercial Taxes Board of Revenue,

k
Ey

ee



searches made luder sio-section

| SQfeguan

Code of Criminal Procedure would not apy py 16

searches under sub-section (2). We cannot See

moran? for this assumption. The proviso'

b-section, so far as may Pf 3@0:

in accordance wlth the prox isions. of the ©

Criminal  Proeedure.

. vec gt © ony org bog F be
wapplcabie (0

Lm De.

provisions "Ure €¢

lL Pouce

when the prow SO" the provi

Code of © Simin el procedure io all searches made

4

"this sub-section, as far as mt be possibie

"Lwe See no.reason why Section 165 should not

mutandis io searches
(2). We are therefore or

Section 16

provided in

is are ~ ff) the empowered officer must

have reasonable grounds for believing thai



a Bs

ew)
Nath

The constitutional validiy of Section 132 was the "subject
matter before the Hornble Supreme Court inothe Case, "ot
POORAN MAT, Vs. INMRECTOR.. OF INSPECTION --

(INVESTIGATION), INCOME-TAX, NEW ames OTHERS

the constitutional validity of the .

provides for searc

io entrusted ta Income

Tax authorities with a vwlew to prevent lerge tax evasion.

However

a, the measure mould be objectionable

mentation isnot aecompanted by

is, undue and unproper
OpOS LION itis now possib we to
. if the safeguards are generally on the
"ines. atopled by the Criminal Procedure Code they
- apould 'be regarded as adequate and render ine

resifictions imposed by the measure

In the case just clied there was G

pi QUASO io sub-section (2) of section 41 which

Seer

"prescribe d that all searches under the sub-section

so far as may be, made in accordance unt

ee

the provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure.


Ay

and perform the

iS2i}). The officer so authorised mri. enier orn
building or place and make a search where fie reas

reason to believe that any books of-accouré or other |

documents which m7 Ais opin

cae
phony
ES
fp
Nib
Maal
ME

or relevant to, any proceeding urederihe Act

found, The officer meking a search muy seize any

books of accourll or other. documents and place

a

marks of ideniificaion on.cmiy such, books af account

or otfmer ie pe made

extracts or" make an

u

tory Op

course of aru search i in Ais opinion teil be
useful for, or relevar to, any proceeding under the

Acty.and remove them to the income-tax office or

-proithit the person in possession from removing

them. He meu also examine on oath any person in

"posses

yf or control of anu books of account or

"documents or assets.

Phe section does mol confer any arbitrary
mutherity upon the revenue officers. The

Commissioner or the Director of inspection musi

BS ee

3

eR


authorization or of the designated
rey Popes Pie Pe SP EPPO' seneh osreraec?
challenged, the officer concermea mus
court about the regularity of his action.

zit ?

ig mwiliciousiy taken or power vnder. ie

ised for a collateral purpose, It és

vy the couri, If the eondilions for:

exercise of the power
proceeding ts lableto be qu

is exercised bone fide.

requist & belie and for reasons

Wieor "useful for any proceeding

under the Ac t, (ie court in a petition by an aggre

fe

-- og ge Bow i fury exy ging £F eet igdgs ry 43°
'he asker? fo suostihle ibs OLUP

an order authorising search should

Again. any irregivarty i
search wid seizure committed by

he o Hicer ac of the authorisation

"will not be sufficteri the action taken,

'provided the officer has in executing the

authorisation acted bona fide. .



"ated

bos

warrant of cuthorisation should specify ine"

particulars of documenis and beoks of accournk co.

4

general authorisation to search for and "setze.

documents anc books

requirements of the Act anc, the e haules. it-is fort

officer making (he sevrch fo. exercise his judgment

cui. seize or nol fo seize any focuuamieris or beales of
accoun, Ar error CO mami

a ek

documents '€ hy bé your id not to be
a i mo ihe proceeding uricder the
f piliate the search, nor will it

fo an omnibus order

The ce jarieve: i party may uncoubtediy move a
competent court for an order reieasing ine

a proceeding tne officer

documents setzed
'who Res made the search will be called uport to

the documents seized are likely to be

useyil il for or relevant to a proceeding ui wer the Act.

'f he is unable to do so, the court may order that

those documents be released. But the circumstance

The Act and the Rules do not require thai tre :

relevant. iG or:

es
4
eo
A

ee


that alerge number of documents have been se

is mola qos for nolaing that all documents. 5 eld
are Tel

By the express terms of the Act ¢

Income fax Olficer may obtain

police officer. By sub-section (13) of

. we yt Phyo Syed op eaysheaey
provisions of the Code of Cromunat

relating to searches apply SO for as micap.dbe, to

Po
as

searches under section

intended that the offic er concern eel slial! issue the

PB esent respectabie

necessary. laarrand,

sersons Gf Ste locus 4 t mune SS- IN& Be

generally, caer out the "Searéh in
Crimmnal Procedure. (ul

132 does net imply thal

the lind Lc ans s prescribed bi sec

'ocedure are alsa incorporated terein.

a 'iB come-tax C Hricer, A-Ward, Agra vp. Pirm

ma Mal it spas observed that the (ssue

ia7ier is mot a

"of a-séarch warrant by the Commis:
judicial or a quash a judicial act and even if the
Commissioner is enjoined fo issue @ WWerTant Ory
sohen in fact there is information in fis possession
in consequence of whick he may form (ie necessary
{



ote

"In the instant case, ti is admitted that ine.

inspector who searched the car of the

pang,

had not made any record of any ground on, the

}

basis of which he had a reasortable belief (hat-an

see tuider fhe Ach unis bel

afl

proceeding fo search the. car cand thus fhe

provisions of S.54 were r

é

te ep ey BL gee ete ge Bee
BP Search

focal corodary

PeTE UL OFrger ie

founded. or frivolous prosecution or harassment.

appears fo hate ers
fhout making any real afliempl fo analyse ihe
staf-the provistorts of Sections 53 and 54. The

HONS Lwoere

i Court observed thar these Nue :

wpholhj irrelevant. With cue respect, wwe are tnabie

to approve of such a cryptic approach to a legal

i 3

f far-reaching consequences."

t
a
L
4

aad

Sa a

HORE



sued on Having recel

having reason to believe therefrom

posses

rT

disclosed. Having received ii

ocmation. quthorising alfic

has to satisfy himisell th

t

"person is in possession

consequence of invormation in: pos

of the conditions in

tion LS2 exists,

ai sub section | of

merely on the basis of suspicion or to

cevet pane ign d
COTICE AIG

enquiry te unearth
authorising officer is fully

lisclosed

lead to the discovery of

> igguied, Therelore, if

nowered officer to record im

ee


ee eee

Fhe n "cau
} "
ged as
a
em wom fea
- am ef
are) ay yen
ay Ste ew
Sal sooth Pat
oP Nac
vem. 2 oe
Aneel es
Ao ah a
Mi agp et
" me pent ry
a at phot ~
posi an jae Sheet
ote woe fais]
nuns ee Lo Sonne
sent 'este
a yom
pod eg
oe a: in
> samt ook
, get poe
ses oot a 'ams Same
oad fo em on
J { £
wet sent = Need ee
fond theme
a7 co
on ort pak go
wet Ay "a -
i i june f
aS 'ent ry a
ou on eH "3
se a i ey %
Lat yous oot -
aS om pn poi i
é So! on ot of
po f pohiaad
everest Nene! Mat cond
if rl coat _ peor
ee com cane ot up
é nt oP ae Me
a " a
be
md)
ew oe
eo ae
Sent ae po
red Sau! Jat
wie :
Sl no n
a pont Sad
ten! 2
5,
Sayin - Seat
a ey od
ns
Fatal
ey Toe
wi ~
teen 'oot
aot
pie nn
out end
ed s
set on
pola :
Soo Ladi
a Sars
wet Piet
Nae
a a
'hat sont
pod wal
gues
sjuone? Fad
"pen
o
aw soe
pet oF)
fee ep
ert :
;
"ies a stand
ae fant ¢
: Meee! eet
'ron f
bea Pol me
i -- Bons
wel : 2
ay mh pa



believe that one or more of the conditions in section 320)

The order is in the form of an authorization ee

subordinate departmental officer authe

search any building or place specified \in- the Lorde

een wep sd geen Neg ate
exercise Une

information. fe r eoriditions for

the exercise of the ile must record

regsons "for. Farid he must issue an authorization in

riges it

officer is

issuine the authorization oF of ihe

challen ged, the officer concerned must satisly the court abou



arcnes

i?. lv clearly show that the

seclion (2) is not arbitrary.
thal the power to order sear

officers of the

this power can only follow' Ga reasol table beliel entertained by

such conditi ons mentioned in

this connection il may

be further oe « (2) of rule 112, the

poe
Naat!

pinks

ector of mnspection Or.

be. has to record his reasons before the authorisation is issued

below. Ub an inmeome-tax Of

fat

rposes enumerated in {ij to @) in

"authori isation is for specific

(1), all of which are strictly limited to the object of

when money, bullion, efc., is seized the

Baca ce eS

ee

ef


Ineome-lax is to make a summary enquiry with aovie Ww

igo determine how much of what is seized will

add ho woo mick: will have

him to cover the estimated tax liability

to be returned

observing nermal decencies of behavir yUF.

requirement

1s. The obvious consequence

about the existenc conse quent upon the

of réason io pelle

information if "and concerned authority is not

2rovisions ol

ronteaniplated in the Chapter has to be a valid search. An

the necess

ary corollary. in such

¥

pier XIV-B would have no application. If the search

without jurisdiction. then it would be void ab-

exercised lor a collateral purpose

fo be a search under

aq

5


ue

clown DY

consequently the

an order of

APL Pe are, SAPP ERY Lage ASE ch 5 :

lich is a sine quo

not) for ihe auibhorities to auinoti

is illegal anc void, the

ynatier. Ub the said

jrder would have no

requirement of Section I32{1) of the Act is

moowered officer recore

of Sub Seciion (1) for issuing

- oo. ae Bo ge +.
a& seizure under the

wrelher chose

the court



mark the conclusion of search and then what will follow is. the

seizure or performance of other functions

clauses {ili}, fiv) and (v} of stb-se

s
wf

Income Tax Act prov

Es

eign books of accounts, olner

or ofhervaluel

GOCLINETHS, TROP

Ven, th

sets under clause {al of

"eg

i officer and, sec



ae 4

assets jound cCuriris i search

asm,
on
en
we
oN
wet
owe
jot
bad
a
dene
own
a

davere nol disciosed?.

assets found ciusing. search reed

v the

further verification,

authorised officer is in

es
jee
if
a
Sonnet
om
fea
as
v
igus

sub-section (1) or

are undisclosed, then the

her urecler sub-section (1) or sub-

authorise

seciion (3) deperiding on the fact whethe

tne, assets. found to be undisclosed curing the

search. Hit is practicaple to seize All be seized

lindier sio-se clion (1): but if it is otherwise, then an order will

'ander sub-section (3). [It is mianiiest that the

ue
ob
Tort
jemi
pee
faa
Teas
em,
u
peed
?
on
fe
van
Be
fa
wn,
Lie
ad
on
Newent"
ry,
wit
Freer
jot
Sa

acdenmt ta make a seizure

*

secl on (1) or to make an attachiment under sub-section (3) is



os

the discovery of undisclosed "TP Yo

undisclosed asset is found curing se 1 action. c

sub-section (3) of Section 132.

20. The proviso

ricution on the Authorised
jewellery or other va

Feeerlio mf thin ey enieyere
trade of the busiries;

engi make a note-or

business sand leave

ass

26. "= The second proviso to sub section (1) of Section

sees

_132..0f the Act.provides that whether il is mot possible or

or thing avid.rerneve i. to a sale place or volume, wel

§ Set out im

thic authorized offi ve an order on the

ror the person who is in imunediate possession or control



serve an order on the owner or the persor who is in initeediate

possession or control thercel direct

be peewee eh ne
Loe DPEVIOL

heed

S permissior.o: such, offic

been vested with: the

don bo sup section (3) makes

of Une order. Explane

ig Of an order:

the sery

be a seizure of such bG6ks of aecount, "other documents,

or olner valuable article or thing

b-séction (1) of the Act. Such an order is

krewr AS Therefore,

makes out

order. :

Pa

'tion (SA) of Section 132 of the Act makes it

that ancorder under sub-section(S) shall net be in force

for a lad exceeding 60 days from the date of the order.
'the tenor of the ianguage used in the said proviso, it is

VM not fo reraove 'or

To enilorce-

BSE SSL Zo SSS


e

retain the same for a rec

aforesaid staternent of Shri Om --

could) be secived from. Alm on tu
wi es

F

day. Therefore, there are no grouncis to maintain

Lad

examination of f

coming to a finetrug thar (here Lpere reuSans ip
uy J f : oF

believe that the aforesaid 32 iments-of "annexure

"DT or 4 ornaments of annexure "Dy Jf .a9ere

Further,

undisclosed proper

ine Ach or the Rules fo shou. "thet tree ciuthorised
officer carp search,

urider Nis Ss

period !

mers 7 - Ba sme ty oy degh oe ge foi zg
TO SUD ~ Seenon [S) 0}

the said property under

by the provisions contained therein and

sonable period. When the

Hs ao nue 112A of (he Rules wuire the

within JS

b-section (5) of

ome-tax Officer to record

rdev within 9O days from the dete of

etc, it can be justly

'said that the said reasonable period during which

z

the ornaments. etc.. car be reteined? iuvould rol



ordinarty exceed GO days from the date of >

attachment of ihe same. Atfachmernt of ormcamen

ete.. under sub-section (3) of section 132 would

necessartity deprive a citizen of use cf the same.

he pleases and thereby tf is infraction of his Ube

io the free use of the said: ornaments.

?

is desirable that the authorised Officer Shout decide

(he pretier one

>Fy

ettachment, ef]

haha

ection Pai, at ihe eaarlic é

BIN

presen wyli.pet ip aS file cd. Therefore, in ese

circu TISLUNICES, of the allachrnent

allegeday made by ihe authorised officers of ihe
emarments, etc.. of annexures "D-L "Dell, "D-II and

especially when I am of the view that the

i wees i OL SE by the provisions of sub-
all not be permissible. ht
"is indisputable frat this court can. while exercising
fhe powers under article 226 of the Constifittion,
mould the remedy as u suils fo the facts of a

s

peen found that

Bie

"particular case. So. when if hac

C., referre dl fo above
j

See

ihe attachment of ornamerits, €

ae



recount, documents, valuable articles, e€ic., The
second proviso to section [3201] alse talks of a

ease where it is not practicable to fake PR sic ab.

possession of a valuable article oF fRING a 1 Pin

i

which case an order of resiraintmay be issued pub

he second proviso wou

uhere if is not practicable'. to

valuable -article.for any of

four reasons, viZ.. lite fortes. voleane or Loeight or

characteristics Ss or due ig-its being of

other physic

a dangerous ©

these four. reasons. u wen i

|: possession of the

sa resireaau order but such a

deemed to be seizure of such

possession is not taker

Ta?

. becaus sel it is nol practicable. If if is not pr acticaple

tg teice physic al possession of a valuable arc de fo

, arly F Feason.other than that provided in the secona

Sey

re section, 132t1}, then the provision of

~ section: P8213) can be validly invoked e.g.. books of

econ or valuable articles wohiieh are liable lo pe

"seized may be under a lock and f@ may not be

ible fo get physical possession of the same

beceuse the key may not pe available.



or rendered rmugatory by revoking an order under

32(S) and thereafier pc

wag" tre be

Nave
granted approval under sub-section /SA). Wiiet-oas
done in the present. cel the order
F ?

dated February 11.199

then to poss <

that very a aparoeal of the Commissioner of

Income Lex: sOughi. Phe same thing happened

ne e a Pye AF ey , ee yey b peg peg ed 7 ee PRSEBE
on Jurie ©). 199]. 'Che order urider Section 132(5)

extended tiotee without aru

the eorunisstoner of incorne-tax

concurrence Ire

cane. merety.on the Assistant Director of Income-tax

u

corger, The provisions of siub-section (GA) of section

G2 were Wiereby circumvented.

ler section

Un aur opinion, orice an order un

713) has been passed, then the limitation period

comrnences ana Such order cannet be coruinuec

[_-

Be



unless and tnil the provisions of section 132(3A.--~

are satisfied."

The Allahabad High Court in the ; case af SRIRAM
JAFSWAL Vs. UNION OF INDIA AND _ OTHERS | reported i

1989 (176) ITR 261 has held as ander:

Then, we come fo tne. iva

whether an order under

et Pe Wij pioed Cees on Wide SP "Fm oh af pds ope
iS CSse hosed OP Ui ss? ole Be ch. £6 find our fhe true

Le will have lo di

é

S32, Stib-sect)

OY?

a

fl). se. Far % 1s 'releue anit fer our purposes, reac that

as specified in sub-

oak coer EE 4. Pari Bad poe Fg a PES ae

uuhiere the authorising -office
eee a eee eee ype} fe sey r a
secuon (1) Of section i132, tft consequence o]

hes reason fo believe

sian
wn
x
af
Ura
Sea
as,
Pe
Me
af
ee,
a
a
pres
a
ed
owe
mee

is in possession of any money,

ery or olher valucaple article or thing
as ouch, money, builior, jewellery oor other

lucite e article or thing represents either wholly or
partly Income or property which has not been, or

"Lvould rofl be. disclosed for the purposes of the Act

of 1961, then the authorised officer, as specified] in



clause [aj of sub-section (1). muny seize any such,»

books of account, other docuinents, roney, bullion.

Jewellery or other valuable article or thin Ge out das

So, the requirement it of

a resull of such

section

the authorizing of} -- nist:
be in possession of U Yormation rot 'amounting to

mere pretence or suspicion Dub. Suastar

information on the -hasis of: which he couid..kaue

reason lo belleve het CUPL] pereort-is th DOSSeSSIOr

of ary asset. as men tioned in cla

he person aboul

een recelped. 1s in

' sit clause fly) of sub-section (1)

clearly sheios inal the assets as mentioned in

wired

in clause je) Thus, wheat can be seized wurder

he purpose of the Income-lax Act. Some courts took

the view thar seizure means flaking physical
possession & any vudluable article or thing. To

overcome this, the Legislature has amended section



Be

76

orders

Section

& CASE of dee nde a seizure

Cae
bso

H proviso to sub-section (1) of Section |

34. In the case of Bb loc! kK. Assessment. the -As:

sed, incor ie af the block

period in, accordance > wits

Sment aj

of such asse

to lax the salad income by

imposing tax. Under the Scheme of the block assessment as is



SCOPE OF APPEAL

3D. The contention of the revenue is that the Tribune

cannot look into the validiiv o

search as conducted, under

the provisions of Section 132 of the Act. as.the Tributral |

ing ary action

appeal to the assessee would not it

search. The

he actions of the

the conditions

to bé salisfied as prescribed in clauses {aj to (c) of section

lege) cormotelion, tne word

the party making

we
--

sea
im

search, and, therefore. a search can be said to have begun

"commenced when the first act to enter the premises is taken

jurisdiction or competence to look nto this aspect: ~°, Right of



the search party.

authorities prior to the Ha woud be beyond the pale

expression 'where a search is iniliated or. the expression 'whe

any search is conducted

AIV- of the Act. Righi

uy DYior

with the

'fore the High Court in writ

sristif{ution of Ind

ihe

gunal has to confine

ssing Ollicer or can it go

oss

of the proceeding commencing from a

search under section 132 which ultimatel

orders.

Clause (5) of sub-section 1 ef Section

ey

a


BO

requisitioned uncer
the 30° day of June, 1995, but-hefore.».
1é 18 day of Jaruary, 1997:or

(bQ) ar order passed by an

Officer under st: 'D- section (1) of

font

an order" passed: { bay a Corbnon under

or lruler clause fui) of

" Seetion 2F] or

Séetion 26 an

. urider Sect Or arp order

him under Section 154

order under Section 263

OF an. Order passed by a Chief
Conuni issioner or a Director General or

a Director under Section 272A, ar"

204 deals with orders which could he

-passed by the Appellate Tribunal. Sub-section (1) of Section

ve

peep
jo
oy
#
Sei
mas
oy

drs
mont
Sa
met
Coe
_

toe part ies to the appeal an opportunity of being



such orders tnereon as it thinks fit Section 255 deais

procedure of the Appellate Tribunal. It provides for'constife

of the Benches im all circumstances;-a member or-unoresident

an dispose of the mialler im Suchh-a raanner. and

be decided accordin

prov ides

Tribunal 'a procedure and

brie treol in AH matters arising oul of

€

charge ol its functions,

coven vey a edb
MESS CLL AAS PCY?

ar as the powers of

io the income

31 and any

e Tribunal sha

Lhe deemed to be ¢

tne meaning of Sections 193 and 228 and jor the



purpose of section 196 of the Indian Penal Code and the

Appellate Tribunal shall be deemed to be a civil court forall the -

purposes of Section 195 and Chapter XxXX¥V of the Code 'of

Gedis wiltr tte

Criminal Procedure. Sub-Section (6)

{)} i, for the

purpose of discharging iis. functions:

powers ww!

care cested mt fhe amicome fax

auihoriies repferrec. to |

bejore te

deemed io bea judicial; secing unthin the

meaning of. Sectioi

and 228 and for

ey te ee f°
DUrpose of

to be a Clo Court for all the purposes

495 and Chapter XXXV of the Code of

Crimine! Procedure, 1S98(5 of 1898)

BO, . . Phe Revenuc in support of their contention reued
wu The fudement of the Special Genen in tne case of PROMAIN

LED. VS. DEPUTY COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX

&



reported in (2005)1995 ITD 48g (DethixSB), xhies re ih

"oot
oh
2

question referred fo the full bench was as under
* tne income Fax appe lat e Ty fpuped
acjuctoale Upor issue retating to.

Of search coneliucted wuider. Section" Page

again st block

cssessimiery 7

After

various decisions, i

inder

read together, tf would

earch, the actual carrying

and completion of search.

Therefor valielity of search, referred io for

|

ideraiion 1 Of tne Special Bench has to be

ryt. x

LOL reference LO the

cicbuel

cormmencement of the search

» Conductrg of search and final execution of search
ine powers/functions/duties of -- the

) Officer wider the provisions of Chapter



4
fee

a

of appeal is conferred on the agarieved party. Ip sio.

right of appeal is cariferred agamist any a

tex authorities. then such ar -actior® c

challenged before the Hor ble High. Court i:

turif opetifion under Arte

DOR Pf BOS '6 foo the

Constitution of Indic.

required fo

searen: oni cled in the

satisfy hime iP olr

case OF py aSSE. "Ss: sce ant irofaied afler 30-06-1995

and noth ies wore. Another aspect of search which

Assessing Officer is the

we

is: fo pe' -Seert- "bi

norization as provided in

section: 1588 relevant only for the purpose

srtaining the period of limitation for

kasi aspect o}

ai

which isto be seen by the Assessing Office!

PS o rest

Teferetice to the eulderice -

"loin section ISSGE. This is

eU idence ubhich is found as a result of search and

such other material which is relatable io such

evidence. Apart from these requiremer,

hyp be



oF

a would Be be yord the pale of expre:

ae
Go

Assessing Officer is not required fo see any offer"

as

of
aud
~~
os

aspect of the search.

A valid search is the foundation for

nutsdiction to meke ihe block cssessine

provisions of Chepler Al eb. We are upable to'.

accept Uils coniention jor the "reason inai ihe right oF

appeal fo the assessee as u rel asthe poiwers of the

fee fo the actions

as prescribed

in clauses fei) fo -

initiation of: the search. According to the legal

means lo begin or io

COPTIOLE Wien, ihe nerd Cini

COMUTIENCE. a "eearch is-a physical act ef the party

making searen @ rl, verefore, a search can be said

gencor e corunenced usher the first act to

fo have'

center the prenuses is token by the search party.

ae Therefore. in our huomble opinion, anything done by

come: fax couhorities prior to the take achon

z

ior, uliere a

. a few dor dedes dey dt - Laas ge py ' Ley apts oF
Search is pudatec: or te @8xPressior "unere di ty

search is conducted' used by the Legislature in

Chapter X1V-09 Gf the Act

VioLider pe.

es

L

SESS

aE

Cae



Wamp nt

. A +
fy ges Mt
Na tlm, Bod
SP hed =
ei
" meh
rot _
fh .
a pov
Pete
AG oy
"at Pa
haat at "ia
oie an,
2 one
'a! od Nae
pod
: Sema fmt
Mead eat ye fr,
pod poe at
eed Brow Sa
at fee hen
Sie ; mad
Po ae is
Panny 1 teat
ane :
. oe
SOS = 8
Net pus? = om,
ees ae ina
Mita, Dt :
vo May rm
af "ad 7 pos
pos oe ns
ote Nee? s, se
a un "on =~
"ee Png Saat
eo, 6 r
awe md -
fia NO "ht
Be 'iad
ou a ~ ist 2
ed § Sar at *
Hetetna pte Seed they
"Son Nd a ah pus }
oa ey e
re! nae L ad
Nd oot tie ay Thee * cut
oven el wrt, nb: an '
= os mee H so
eS ion el whe, al eel
Sa oe heel id a port a
ra " Seven ca Fama l
Rv we os alee
Ft sig oad 'i sj
Prd a ri
Nene onl Prd
io pe ie
; Poe Ay Se
acd baie ee
"oot
Sau . oe!
sep pe
ia . phwe
cad .
vee : oy
row ee
pe - pew
By eee
nad Set
vat yen
pest
fad f
Seni a
on see
of coe
Sein Jeg
pnt ae
ee pawu nd a



have further held that if such an action is arbitrary ane

assessee is he Ras th ne re medy bf

challenging the said action by way ol wrif petition urder Article

'efore, they held. what

could be the subject matter of aw writ pe tit 1OT)

earrot be tne

: provision under the

the assessment

in the case of MLB. LAL VS.

sect

co MMISSION? ER OF INCOME-TAX reported in (2065) 279
rR : 298 @ethi). Following tne impugned judgment in this

CASe ur



which deals with assessment merely "as.

computation of income is section 23; but several ~~

SE

ions deal not with computation of income. but

determination of liabiiay, mactimert for iny

ability, and the procedure in that behalf." Section

my 3. 2 til - 3 rs yeh
ISA deals with adpance

fey y

rriposition of penalties for fallin

provisions thereit. Section CLE

ibe rs of ceric din he COMpanies

Sfributed as

divided, sections

dex eased persoris, section 25 deals ouath

i*
El
i

assessment. Moccase of. discontinued business,

section 25A with. sessment after partition of

,

Frotelit undivided i families and sections 29. 31, 33

'appeals and Jor: revietwiig assessment

sirient of gncarnes

fea

24 dedis wtih asses

oh Rave escaped assessment. The expression

fries
oe
ae
Pocd
Fron

Oey
hes

"assessment" used in these sections is not used
merely in tne sense of computation of income and

there is in oly judgment no ground for hoiding that

when by s 44. itis declared thal the pariners

: ae

DOS



Be

-upare: taxpayers guilty of fraud, gre

comin

93

has inadvertently

refuted, di is tmnplictt in the corfention
appellant thal it is open to the pariners.af a firm

guilty of conduct exposing
section 28 to evade pena

Chogry he nns

oF unambiguous teu

the interiion of the bez

In interpretieg a fi

iclermctes tf Giere be any:

in rerpret ne 'Statute as if stones

at in, a manner r favourahie to the

enit case, by the

= the prese

Lapeer. iu ee ah Ore.

:.

use Of 4 Cat vale of comprehensive import,

provision is male f for imposing Lability for penalty

Uigence or

is conduct, an assumption (hat Ue
used in a restricted sense so as to

> avowed object of the Legisiature qua a

oll riot be lightly made."

we
4
\

int the Act starids

EG ES RES UIE SSSI SET SSS



refore the word assessment fas beer used

¥

The

times the com ape: static Fe

commolation. Wis used as mean

of income, some times determination ol the aiiount: of tex

payable. and someé times the whole procedure

ae

Act imposing liability upon the 1. e, the word.

assessment encompasses the. délermina

"oeedure im that

machinery for imposine

in appeal ies.

jainst. such. order

: Court in » the case, of COMMISSIONER OF

INCOME TAX VE. _ASHC KA ENGINEERING CO. reported in

aining how appeal provision

ITR (Vel. 194)1992 Pp 648, - sole

should be constiucd, held a as under:

Phe atest on at issue is regarding a right of appeal.
ois ie that there is no iviereni "oi ol pees fo

4

"ipords of the idl ing for earl + appeal.

But if is an equally + well-settled proposition: of law

that, if there is a provision conferring a right of



appeal, it should be reac in a reasonable, practical

+34

and liberal manner. Naving considered ihe fied.

which have been placed before us, we.

agree with the cases which have taken ihe vi

thar the cases before us cart he meated as Cases".

wohere the application. or. ile taration iG GE invorde re

and is consequenily rejected. 'This construc 'On
not place aru unde straiire. on the langitecje op

a ied that, even

oan application is. filled. before. ihe: income-tax

i straightaway reject ii
He uill have to give an
fo show cause as to

Sometimes, even his

Jo be wrong. If the assessee satisfies ie Income (ax

r that there was sufficient couse. then the

erfdined bu the Incorme-

in "other words, the defect that the

+

"application was beyond Hme stands remedied and



ob

The Apex Court, in the case of INCOME TAX 'OF PPICER,
CANNANORE Vs. MB. MOHAMMED AUUNHI, reported in GR

(Vol.74) 1969 P.815, dealing with ine.sco} De Sof the.

sheldasu

Tribunal is net a COurt, Pee

powers. The Tyil pimall's powers ia oh ealir iq with

: itude: anid Wave in

appeals

SONNE CUSES rile joan ide nied roirh

the porbers ae f uider tne
Procecliire | . :

""ipapas seid. fhat the general principie was

hei in a faxing stetute there was no room for what
could be call the equitable construction, bul that

ie applied only to the taxing part of the

7

. Stattite- ard not to the procedural part. It has further

a

beer abiserved that

Sess ais

ry

an. Appellate Tribunal iwilh powers to prevent an

¥F

impliediy) empowers tt to stay the

Bey

EYLSce,

Preeeegngs which may resiuli in causing further



INCOME TAX, NEW DELHI (CENTRAL) Vs. EDWARD

KEVENTER (SUCCESSORS) P.LTD.. reported iit ITR Vv OLUME

iZs3

particular, with references to in

ISSO page 200 dealing with the sc

ayy

under:

awith-each other (ough naturally

LuNeTe cerle i

the same me OF are i er. like ad. iney should be

considére Oh r ard ihe scape af the subject-
bunal-sheuld be construed
fom might be different
; s.0f appeal are dealt with

by the BAC, whice heve no real interconnection

cul becir

"port pa dcular assessment and though they may

au proce relate to the compuiation of income

ivhere there are inter-connected grounds o!

rom. the same head of source. Put in « case

4

appect 4 and they have impact on the same

. Subjec ct mnaiter, the scope of the appeal should be

broadly considered in the correct perspective,
'



i of the benefit given to him bu the

lower authority where the other side has-.nct--

res should moe

: oy doy oe ee ee en re vege oe
be interpreted OF CP Dged SO GS. OO confer on cart

i

appellant a relief to which: fee cannot be eniilice

fhe potris decided in his -
matter by the lower court ore diso considel ed 2s

requested by ihe respondent.

'the said question. "the Rajasthan High

of COMMISSIONER OF INCOME-TAX Vs.

SMT. CHITRA DEVI SONI reported in 2009 (213) ITR 174 at

paragraph tO and 11

"A e above quoted clauses

in plemt of the

cat
*
wt
rat
fone
>
a
fh
a
at
Son

Wy Search

i "then", that the action of authorisi

mider clouse {A} and nas Of necessity

provided

he requirements

fo be preceded by the existence
Lf EE ; . a a Sa ee ee ne vege gos eed nue tyes
of Gre other part of said section, as quoted above.
ver words, existence of reason fo believe, it

Birt te be

consequence of information in possession of the



"assessment in the pre

oR

roentioned in

OMG OF

CLR:

fo entitle the auihority fo make aichorisatior L Yas

required by clauses (A) and. {By The:

consequence is thet if Sie. requiverr

section (1) about the existence of Ure reason. fo

believe, consequery, Lore me "informa

possession of the -«

satisfied there could pos

mn, fhe search
ho ureder section 132

by provisions af section

The above being the legal position, since the

ig mode teider

and upnen if was specifically

-. ait rr
ob

ged by the assessee. that the circumstarc

'contemplated by section 132(1) did not exist, this is

"aoamwatter which goes to the root af the matier about

diction of the assessing authority to proc eed

oe
'aie
~~
good,
&
reba



HO

under Chapter XIV-B, the Tribunal was very much

justified. and fad jurisdiction fo ge iia thee 0

question as to whether the search was contiiciec

consequent upon the atithorisanorn. hewing been

issued in the background

eventualities and material n
1820}. We are conscious of the fac
oper fo us or the enurt (oy

suffictertcy

competen had e) atertained the

reason tot
eUeTIILLE
ag ie@stion. -
HEI teri al . to

information in his

authority is the

ynatier irech can <
Pribunal: so also by this court as the absence would

- vitiate the enire action."

another Division Bench of Raja:

"the Case of KUSUM LATA Vs. COMMISSIONER OF INCOME

"TAK rep orted in 1989 (180) ITR 365 has held as under



iach

oy
Me

a

VOLT COAMPMOl GO ITH

the information or ihe material At

seen is. as fo tohether samme material,

existed or mot for HOP Gn Lo

hape the reason to believe fab ary persan is

possession of any undisclosed ine

Opuiousiy as fo whether the clrcurnsian

contemplated by clauses fap ti

ii there is a provision

ne read in a reasonabie,

SLPRe

s-been held similar to and identical with the powers of an

re Court under the Civil Procedure Coc

(AAC: A mere search or seizure, by itself would not result

tp

ESSE aaa

oe


ae

search and seizure: re

The seit

Hablity anc

order. Then peal provided

uncer tne statute. In other wards: ye

hon of search and ¢

arciy arid] seizure culminate

ro
5
Yi
pest
=
ead

Such unautno

aih aAaSe

SITET ©!

ass

Sut

Op GUSLDO cfFics &

nent could have been passed. Though the authorisation

the material collected

and

oF iplock



abinitio. That is a ground available to the assessce torch

order in be <a proved

irregularity in conducting search and-seizure may. not

seeasirient order, but the very initiation of the procecs

without jurisdiction, void and con: uid also

oe:

is not a curable defect. [tis netvoidabie al the option

"d the same by way of

nstitulion, he would

not lose his r

cannot be arn.c

useful to notice

te oP cearek initeted
oO) Search ITMlerea

fo search initiated under

the Courl

any, the
Be o
oe

SeOLR De.

ne EEE,



anpedl

ow
Seve
pol
2m
bent
m
2
oe
pe
Gren
om
wd
CO
Ex
uy
coed
om
inary
ie
+
Fe
fet
a
_
jobs
_--
sang
me
o

* enUre proceedings based on stich

oon)

qas rio legs to stand.

End

A TEE, ose teerpe DEY eee
AES. Doerefore, in an

ae

assessment orcer, i

this foundat
Therefore, ib
into the jurisd
7

searen was valid

beck assessment. Therefore, i

correctness of.

cannot be said im

Pol a writ petition under Article 226 of

fe ol a specitic provision

eal apainsl such orders, im the

"pont
St!
ome

i
"=
Sat
i
pod
oy
Samohi
~
2
e
en
~
fae
on
wel
a
on
om
D
fos
i
ines
pool
~
9
»
a
_
_
om
cae
Nea
as
oa
sg
toni

Fie

Sager

a
PI

Sa

spped from going into such question.



46. The Apex Court in the case o { POORAN MAL vs. 7

DIRECTOR OF INSPECTION (INVESTIGATIO! Me INCOME-TAX

NEW DELHT AND OTHERS reported ith Vol.93 ire P.505, has ™

evel assuring inat the rch are Seizure were in

roan

vontravertion of provisions. of $

law belore tne
whose custocl

ito the

pre

>pOst Lic

place the prov

ssiment was not hy the statute on the day the said

vered.by-the Apex Court. Secondly. prior te

judgment was.deti
assessinent for an

bois in inat

ioweas. eld, even

covered: Curing such legal search and seizure could

assessment and act, but that

De joomed Into for the purposes of :

of block assessment. Even if a return is

is nol possible in

be



declared as illegal is iooked into. stilhihe order of assessment
passed in this proceedings would bea

initiation of the proc ecdings is void. Th

the illegal search and seizure would'

the assessment proceedin
assessment proceedings ay.

assessment o1 vitialed because

SC) OTL, the returns ff

materials sec ur red: during. tne dlegal search and seizure is,

SLLOSLaAN ce,

without any

RE: LIMITATION

boo

47, "Seetion bS80C prescribes the procedure for block

EN RABE

asses smert. Section LS8BE of the Act prescripes the time limit

section, the commencement of the period of limitatio

SSS EEA ea re

See


var from tne enc of the month in

one ¥
authorization for search under Section
Therefore,  iniplies there coukh be

aulnorivalion urcer Section 13201) of ihe A

than one authorization, the starting point of liral

allons. Texplanation 2 to

computed fron

thorization referred to

cuted in the

case of searck dna earch as recorded in the

€

last panchanania.<

case the warrant ¢

Soe ey ped ve gy 's o
BuULMOMSalorn us

how Ho shal

have been executed. Tf is because, when law

s for more tnarn one authorisation, tne Hmitation is to be

~cemputed from the date of the last of the



is executed. If the authorisations are executed

+

conducted on different dates. there will be Pah hangings On

diferent dates. A  deubt may arise

commencement of the day

computed. In order to remove thée.said doubt this-explanation:

uD
As
oo
om
he
rs,

ided by Finance (No.2) A

'Therefor e there cannot be

speck of Lhe authorisati

Jrom the word "lust of the

"the main section. The word used is

45. ¢.  . Avsearch and seizure under the said Act has to be

"farried out in the presence of at least two respectable

tne locality where the search and seizure is

on
Sout
ia,
oot
feel

-Goncucted. These respectable inhabitants are witnesses fo the

Ceo EC


are known as

decuimentation of inev witness is known.

panchanaima, The word "nama", 'document,

SO panichanama jis a written record of what the panch: has

witnessed. In Mohan Lal v. Emperar, AIR

observed that what a

Ually a document recording

cerlain things

WICK are see

TAS GS seen py them and of

fappens in the pr

pul a document

pened in the presence of the witnesses

may document the search

fhe panchanama that is mentioned in

(Hanafion Zia} to section IBSIBE is a panchanama whi

ine conclusion of a search. Clearly, if a

.panchanama does not, from the fac

s recorded the

ES

a

CSS SIRS SSS RS Ss Ss

Ae


or 29 ifthe month is February, 3¢

or 398, depending on che

rumber of days in the month. What is io be recor

Pancharmma is that the

ceampenpuby  Pueypes og
SEAPEY) OSCAause

Panchanama may not be aware o

Pr Marches

they may not be the Panchas who

e search and

igure ort thal date. ~-fmec

recording conclusion

of search, if there:are more than one authorisation and more

aon Lo such authorisation, woich

bby ep ay pueiga Thee ye whee ee vente, fg
tnan one Panchanarmns ing

ation for the purpose of computing

vext question for consideration is. when once

of the authorization enters

og pk ond ong pod gn eeppreateibs beget grees es
ard SlariS Se@arcrimg, Wie

comes to an end. i is contended on behalf of the

tion is vested with such authoriged officer

. Revenue that a discr
i

a we

of tne warrant of

ery

ese


to complete the search, draw a panchanama statif

search is completed on the day he begins the

any reasons it is not possible lo conmpiete

'
"

id then fix ariothe

iollory order

date for continuing such pherealler;-~ at his

convenience and discretion,
ai COTULL

restraint

consider

of the various ersuarte jr
REG WERE ZL PLES LOE PLAT bs A

this country. and the law on this point is well settled.

penne

(



the Tneame Tax Tribunal P

Investinient and Pinance Limited

Execution of auinor

actual tmplementatior

"E

officials
aulherisation act anci

900KcS OF account, documents are icept are

and 86.0n,, a searcivis conducted on a

persort bec

stacked monet, baillion, jet

GP #!

SS Of accourll or documents

ing anc

ron if dred

PPR Re ry
ah fat Meeg BE

Ai is nat

correc, ~ This being the intention, the party

w Gudlieriseci (oe carry oul the search has fo ensure

of ine above or any

clive af search, if

_is necessary that the search is carried out at one

Sfeich and completed. Because the volurne of

the items searched is so large compared to the

5
By
E



number of officials deputed, it may not he™

practcabie to complete the search in one das ane

by sealing the premises searched i aE eis loe de _

and seal. The search is st farted ininediately v1

the following day and co: npleted mith. he seizure

ps

af terns that is carried by ihe p uty Corr ie

eonductin g

search leave the jpr

COM YE WG

otner | Her "Ss noted

Ain nM ine premises

are nol selzed.matertal, »

horiserion

e&. prepared but ttivas decided not to act on

eOPrSsoOn cid

¥
a

1 perform what ail they

132 of the act inchiding

f

"selaive of books, ete. the purpose of the

atitherisation is served. Therefore. if could be

'concluded that the fe of the authorisation starts

~ivith its issue and ends with ifs implementation

or action by the officials resulting in seizure of
iz Gg i



books, documents, PROPLOU and so on.

been observed earlier, the purpose of searc!

locate the undisclosed income with power. tc

Seize books, documents, monet

ded Wat ihe se are tt is

complete with the seizure of. the (ferns

o6. The counsel for the revienie that orice

offictals

the search... frac. started.

ide that mo more search is called

search is

aa

if: =

some. Heras on search and fad setzed them and

had talk "the premises, they hed exhausted the

bop pra ytpiny a noe,
iG Carryy Ou tne

search. This is ebuious because, the search iusdas

Popes

based or an information on which a beli

formed that a person is in possession of books,



searched,'
ihe
= search

ee represel

"aquihorised fo search Sstric

etc.. that show income or property that is noe -

disclosed or that would mol be discloserci' CHR a

ening on this belief, the autho

prenuses and seizing (ems. I is quite HOSS!
a

that at the tine of formation. at pelief, t

may nob nave a clear picn

: ciboui ine form |

iufiuicn the wupiaise etna. be fourtd Prt

zr

merely because,

match ung CACC

urdisclosec

oP fo mean that mean

inuing ard if woill end

open jor

rch despite the fact ihat the

lo Find tem that

me, [order to mele

"Sure that the authorised officials who are

elnpewered to initiate a search and the officials

conform fo ihe

pur 908e for which search is permitted under the

4

At, he preamble provisions, namely,

need by acton taken jy searching te .



OF INCOME TAX AND ANOTHER reported in (1999) 3 237 iTR

& Uriler:-

7O] held

"The second undisputed fact is thart narch was"

cisconiinued on October and é

the gup of 14 days is hardly LO wincing. ai

rund Proseditre Code or in

for pestpona iq the

SSPiPereairicniioy) fy

iat wher. 'once the "setirc starts Hoco. go on

of search would be

¥

egonisi Fe. ie th is case conside ering the nature of

lg 5 pathes
| the ile

SCASEAT L.

6 Eb coule t I iot be continued nrumediately. There ts no
bar for ihe operation to contirne on holidays. The

absence of the petitioners in the house is nothing

Sul @ lame excuse. If the respondents wanted the

operation lo be continued there are taus to



3

ees
od
ein
oe
pny
Need
Pa

V

set

f
5.

Li

relive D

fer

OP eat

oe olhe

pout

PESETIOCE

a
2
2°

rep

cre

een
fons
'sae!
ed
ree
pie

i

4
Ee

f
4

T

ee

i
LA

cae



rain or shime. There is no bar for the operation fo cont

Tuer

OILTIG ot ire

oo
£

urched or on account of dhe volume OF Lune artic:

continue search beyond 24

spigntion starts wilh ifs issue

the officials resulting in seizure

exhausted the power under the authorisation to carry out the
; _



search, Otherwise it would lead to a shuation whe

person is searched. his premises 1s corliniuoushy

officers to search despite the fact fhal the search: party %s

come. Then

iis fearing.

bes ee A by endee eee Sn yey .
te lav their lars mmeome oO

it is adjourned for

on the adjou

to section 1323f1) deals

uf

"
on
"
pet

merged
vad

pan
seo
rs
v

"When in the course of search, if is not

possible io..seize for the reasons selout im the afore

proviso}?

See

He

ees


REP

yracticable to take ph

ve or |

fab where if is not

sion of any ve

(b) Remove it to a sale place due to.

fe} Other physical characteristics:

fd) Upue te

tie lage-rec

1 other "material which he could not take

acer

in eircumstances rot

OE a

"these provisions, if is open lor him to pass a orohibitory order
j i : : :

--

See

ae


Ha eS aR UR emery

shewnd sep get
oy ea Nod
'ne we
-- det ant
fiat vee
ed a
Xe!
ae on, '
x : foe
Ne 'set 8
= "reat Ele
Eon yout aed
ep frou sheen! su
Ce mot ee eer
whe Sa
J -- oss
ie sph el Sie
Seem El fo
ay
fa x
il a gust
road
a
om seas
4 op
uo
omen nl
pened
tn ay
n3 ere)
faa)
sydney ve
om
Ay Set
fa) pee gg
ie nied Framed
sow =
wn a .
eine ceed Ja
od RY
wad equ Now
rvs San Fagen
+ a rot
ome food pert a
=, ao wend al
'ow ae pre C3
nd Sood ee 'oa
on .
et ?
Fret!
eN
apn
as
Se
ee
woh
pene
4
Sd
porrunt
and

Naw

poet
a
cn
a
od

bys
ERE

YES

a
'a
=
-

iT



sned seigure, ii amounts to deemed possession, ..

Z

in your possession is to be looked into to find out,

Wielerial.

%

ior postponing the search lor a long. period.

ol search as 3

era

made applicable

'isation fis pocket like a season ticket and go on
whims and fancies. it

the assessee conferred

han required or nece

Ba Ce UA AC SS

eae


=

*

"
a

ee

28
ees

oo
so a A
: ae jpaluoot :
" 5
= : ms
) :
.
sp
Sagat "rroe, E

| Soot -

: : '
: i
: : ht
i _
: o of
" So c
et na S wth
ie et 2
# : :
a3 fon zs
Ge
ie
Faint :
what :
"a
i mm
| ae
"evewdd
gy 7
BS
St
pene
Aye
mo
oe
a

sp ovis

:
E

peng

HE
c

SOC TICE
€
-

8
-
ak



HUE ent earei tia Mee cae na

SRR ORNRNRCRREN

ra] al eta, su res
ue "ia! we we
ye spa ge ei © wo
petlewd een ee? Sait
jot ostent son re
q a pont een ch
ba id on rena aa
Koel pnd Sad nd a "a
oo pow a 'aul ca gest
pen anon smal cred é
wa oy prot
ca + Sone Snot Sion ' ym,
Sant Noct ' sent ue fer ea
: ft Sows wg mae m4 bee
fee ° € gal Sbast oon
. ue Shak om ret ramet By
. f Mee rs é
eo a -- : "
Fan gee prea a, tent Chat
3 wf ond £5 + 'a oy rey
wet ose ase od ea, whe ae ae
a aS on gy oy vuod '
is i ie Sou me os
* be AG af ay oS
"aot a Noel i set
wend we be, yen a eu
ra ay cao
< - wy - o a ~
a5 " he Sot cond svn set a
on ae) = ° PP. pee 4
"se "au ee ce rs She
ay gm cl if at sant foot
5 a BAe A hed ay '
os a on o ry
- a + on ' ? ot pict
ped Sea Pore a pen : osal on heb
Pare Lf a x "~
; oS ceil He eodot oS _
ss ag : x et
po ~e Riel land ; Sot le n
oy pon Of f a an a '
wm pe wee one -- a eet af mu
pone a es) pot pu Seuobed aA spn
es aes! ~ a a , ay Co
et a pet Juang eed is vege
Sane! oe 45 . spay vied " Em
oy poet! Sd ee) Na ne ~
a 1 : os par po ; whe os
a ; Py po & a7 Qo
' a3 ote, vivo os of tet
_-- ye aa ves Qo at oot pened
a ht Neat 'al fees io
-- pre Sa Sat Cd pe wen
het ef i ry dew att
pend { Nose! vt Bren rf oe
ae) dest Bae a . aa
ay s Soot eh soot
Soe! en ae a oye ao Nua
hm dy pala so tebe 'eal! 4
oS) : ; - S
pat St we ' ei a ben ood
Sag a veal Sound feos sa i sot
apm tad ae com pert : a8) <<
a ed ae Same ood
n vey my, . AG
wH een . of) wri oe Py Sd
faa - Shaul got ped 4 ip
ae) Sew! mi eo iret be
ia . nnd 6 Qe event Ben
found Sh i a oe
wat ve ap se ut '
va 2 cw josh 3 i
get raat f : Siw!
> pe Sot we Jon oy gon oo
ey vied os a es pod bet nut
oy ont Seo pas = net oe on
ae os ooh A na ia a3 ont
Spee! sc A Sat . en
ms -- fod can ey g's
" a Set Fel
a 7 vy fet an oN mre
'ine geet Mae = dent oe etl ©
t "othe eet 'dou? ae
Jung of an As ai ne
ray 2 Smt \ phen oe Soa?
Eine pel bent ood "n ea ae
ass an sits a
" Qf rs pa i ; ae ne
i fi Saw! go fe va fet
8 apg, pe Me hie ee nal
jue Saal mon pov rn Hs "na
4 : " o ote at
ed od an Sod ped oe 'a of fed
ei moons ro to steed ey spent St
-- . 5:
=, pol & sii? spon
4 gohverd ot bod Nf # ee
Eomens payeont iw Path ne
. ao i ied "S bgt we 5 oe
=~ tad an yeood oo a em as
ene fa Sto Pore ae
4 tp iin ah wipes em. ae) if
- eet aay 4 i oe jen
sind ee bad Sat u,3
my Re 'al 2 ot :
"we = St Xa! jot rot a faaed
al pee fon Fain pe fans feuat oe
at 3S i, rein as) J phent ames) "hae aa



'is mot a deemed seizure.

ing material is found a

are the four contin BETICICS -

happen after the authorised officer e1

forders were pa:

in respect of the s

. i. 3 t on yey ete
2 AW OFCEPsS LC Soda cy

Py
pane

mend when tise

premises. Once .he comes: wrisaflon comes to an

siscof ime.

in law he is

poe,
"
por

of inspection of the subject

order or the rest

he Fas mio ju

ier jails which are

rye 78
OM 3

ce

: t i 2 b R Dog ey ge te EOE Some ey eet fey ae wight, by Be
As he is not entering the premises again with the int

1, net for the purpose of

eee

Ss

oN

eS

RRS

ce


Me

i

der Seclien

e Act is wot necessary.

wa
sane?
f
ed
ne
She
jaan
ans
yt
eo

il

yen he

a

A ee

=
ae
£3
j

a

BELL

the co



wee

ee

va

CSS

Oe

az

eer rp

my

OH

4
y
HS

ye euthorises

Pant

t

"an
t

So
fo

Sui

cation

orm

"

E

£

a

AS provided,

fan)

»

ry 0

z£
eno

i

ioe
ot
Jo
2
Set
Be!
P
+
ood
Sine
onprt
St
pot
£3
eal
vp
Sad
re
ow
yee
Jae
Sous
+
Fest
A
"be
wien

nea

dosauael
UTES

ag

MASSES

b



afer such inspection would be the undisclosed Income lor the

gx

(10) Whether nothing incriminating material is found ape) "nO

selzure is

the said section specilic:

anc Section 132 speciical
| i

search and it has "LG:

premises which aro ohibltory order or

restraint orders

of thase

ee a
Bf TLC AISO OPpowel

material after entering the premises ©

actions only f

prohibitory order or restraint order. be

premises over again. Any Wide

i ;
bee

ere

4



L

LPpOSe ©

p

iOTl

£

tal

aml

pus,



required to be authorized through L

other words, search authorisation should .authorize

looked into for the purpose "ol>

authorisation on ine

same day. Tren

authorisaviors 'of imitation. When all the

aulhorisalions ere will be one Panchanama in

reve

The authorisations may be

4 ofeach Suck

Then the doubi would arise

fg Den LL sooty erg ey ee bree
Wis ime one year irom

the end of tae month ia which jhe last of the authorisations

Ao



mas executed,

nm the same day. then the last Panchanama draw 1p

io the warrant of authori

Po ie

period commences from the end of U

ation, ime law be
ELiGGPTL, £228 ehy ce

of the auchoris

officer to visit the premises for.

the material "which

'sap ther

of lintitation stal
as otnerwl

concluded as-ev

mnitroduced woud

772 dated 23° December 1998

position as un

According te Section ISSBE, limitanon op

z

years has to be courted from the end of the morin



Lise of the word 'quthorisations:

riore fhar one authorisation. Supposingly-.

auihorizations are issued one ine 'other % ar Jd

the lasi a shite the?

authorisation issued earlie! is CXL 'te ae] lateron. in

ch De courted from i

of the Fast

dele Of ISSuc Ol. ine

wlier and rol

5

from the executionof the garlter a irorisedtion,

i fater 7)

EX. plane Lhd OLE S

Pinarce. (

Bor the removal of dowubis, i

a
Bek & i

2

elerre or]

o hape been

pond.

fl) shall be deerned

ng ea sey een peed og od Ce Las
"is FeO ded im tne

parich vaname cUraiorn in relation fo any



er issieed

5 oe

P40)
FON Aa

er section

cin
po
freon
wed
wud
pew
thoes
ms

aap

&

er COCLUITeTti

rt

AAT NNN

poe yeni as hogs
ie a 'be 'aad
Pi me ie stele
ed So etal stem
Fe ran Bond tab
pout cred a pin,
Ned stage wend Nal
po Sea * pl pind
ne 'fs Fase saad
po nn iad is
Saal i whet a
pel ha 5
t pr
Mma aN hat wr]
Mat ! Fiewsit
a Soe
Be Eee! ea
uy 'neg ok
Sid aes
oe me pos
Beet, Stem Yin
hee "inal
° im oo
F " 'pa,
oe . Nie git
fines Pai
vated wheel
'hia?
pen
PUB et eet
howd nee
yr
oe is
hat foot!
Pe "
_ wif
uw S
x ~~
pod : Bas
Oto, Se + Ue
a oS =
ani " ee
on as
OM ie;
Sota, sped
Pat iat
a at
San Net
pont
et poh
ae spout
Seant zm
2 eo iia
a eet
im me
pot
Preto ioe
awe =
Boy n
"i ie
Me if
pt a
Foe umes
Uta a
_--, 4
"oat an
a nev
"rot
os
my ee
"wal '
wnt a
Fo
fast
Aaed
¢
toon
"pica?
sep
cat
aed

a


issued once, the authorisec

premises uncer the

in pursuance of

eommences, if comes fo

ney the atl

premises afler comr

search he visi

aipopiect mabier. OF res~ranil OFQEr OF
. :

orohibliory ore panchanama is written, that would not

5 be looked into for the

4
Ei

be the panche

purpose of-.comy

cuch a Panchanama would mot

ihe period of limitation. I is because The imitation is

U proceedings are not &

wr

BOE



within the time prescribed. the

would acquire a valuable right.

mercy of the officials, who do

sub

aMive provision

SCLALITE.

search What can be

Ss. whether

ror Cor pletic

ron eae?

missing in the said Section. The same carinot be read into the

"Section for the purpose of limitation. Then it amounts to re-

Oe ee

ae



The aforesaid circular No.

dilemma faced by the Department.

ec off to perform all

ce ane signe a contract:

#

te"

"execulion" is defined at page «

jonery as fouoLws:

completion

 Cormmissioner

} completion of an acl: pulling

\

"110 F.2D 286 to

=

Ae



ff

f

ie,

anything or carrying out into operanion © und eflect,

ie c process. i aChore

2e-or judgment:

aite effect the directions ina aec

Foust Foust, 47 Cal 2p lai e. if.

: ine words
argue that

formed, tne

went LEPOFL

resiainl order oF

treated as vevebuion? of the warrant, Bur i

be hypertechnical and

; intel pretanr el

3
a,
Py
raat
od
oe
pt
iy
=
me
a,
fen

'detoited discussion das is

rae ge paras.

other execulion

The question arises as fo

i.e

of a warrant of authorisation or requisii

- 2 gat ovedderere apne dor
the conchision of the proceecings under

182 and/or 132A or it refers only fo the execulior

info force: completion, fuifiliment: perfecting <Q}.

SA RZ RSP II SUE UCC

PRES



1 any

of the warrant even though as a result of Such, ~

execution the proceedings under section JG2 er

132A are yet to be completed. The taiter. situaati rt

wo

ull inelide a cause U1 Lun a t order une er

Section PS2(S) is passed, in such &

sase i carn be

said that though the werrant of auhroise wor ie /vas

'7

7S urider Section! 'i 32) 243)

toord. execute", also

means "lo complete f for conclusion

of the proceedings . under

qouta@don of &

perion

COUPLE

. A contrary view is as much possible f one

consider the spirit of the scherne wihtich

; expeditions disposal of the searc

reasonahie ia interpret fal

'reqrih 1S riot

. execulion

completion

32A. The period during which the proceecinec



excluded for the purpose of courdin

one or livo years under section 1SSBE. Otherwis

fo absurd

is Ufted and if meu. ihuisy <

spented ef one

or tivo years by all those. years duriig: 1

proceedings under Sector 2) S26S)

Send

be "cgreed lef-this view that

percdir

gees: cure. nap the:

rgb ' me oe
uninout doing

Manation added to

'at
perl
oy
bee
woo
i
woe
oe

second search on tie basis of the same authorisation issued



AUiLTLoOrE

ation is to be issued in respect of one premises

OMe Ss

search is conmeluced, w

"hn the searching part

authorisation is issued om dH

ceri into consideration for the purpose

DlOSk BSSCSSMICne.

CONCLUSIONS:

oye orn lene wy dd
has to joGk iva aH

is sime Guo

=

PSE

;

ESS

e

a...


"i

matter back fo the Tribunal for fresh consideration keeon

mind the observations made in this judgment

consider the

nsider while

Therel

action of the

be the subject

Has Tol

validity of



ci Saar acces

Pgs,
peel or -

se a. a
th Sea fom,
ar :
on md
: SS
me ra
ac Soot

Ay

"ial

AY

my.

oe

an!
weenie .
: baa
Wiehe Niu
i pi cane
wy

ORDER

£ H we ion)

a) oe a a ;

iy a i. = 3 a a3 ro x o "ea Brod Soni a Nee? Poe Fees 3 aS o o Ss ™ aa "posi San seat ped hn, eu 'on Se se anna et ae panes ia sy i. _ va ag ay ns ay 2 we : * . _ on "8 pad iw ~ a Jae a ~ a a ia en "tes bs 'Petal gt ad a mS nk = a n veal fo ER: on a x My na on of Se ® a va a road more a a vag an sal Sand "

aa i 2 'id "

wed mo aS a - an tr "td cae Se ra my «ti tome o a ci ae @) oy 4