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Heard learned counsel for the parties.

The petitioners have called in question the judgement and decree dated 31.1.2012 passed by the District Judge, Jalaun at Orai in JSCC Revision No.1 of 2018, whereby the revision filed by the respondents (tenants) has been allowed and the judgement and decree dated 22.12.2007 passed by the Judge Small Causes Court decreeing the suit for eviction and recovery of arrears of rent has been set aside.

The facts in brief necessary for disposal of the instant petition are that the suit in question was instituted by Shiv Shankar Mishra, the predecessor-in-interest of the petitioners against Ibrahim Ansari, the predecessor-in-interest of the defendant-respondents. Both the original plaintiff and defendant have died during pendency of the proceedings and the petitioners and respondents herein were substituted in their place. According to the plaint case, the shop Gaddi No.2, alongwith open land measuring 27 feet x 18 feet was let out to the original defendant. The monthly rent was Rs.37/-. It was alleged that there was default in payment of rent by the defendant from 1.10.1994 to 30 April 1996 amounting to Rs.703/-. A notice dated 21.5.1996 demanding arrears of rent and determining the tenancy was served upon the original defendant on 22.5.1996 but he failed to pay the arrears of rent as per demand made in the notice making himself liable for eviction. It was also alleged that the deposit of rent from October 1994 to June 1996 in Misc. Case No.82/83 under Section 30 of the U.P. Act No. XIII of 1972 (for short 'the Act') by the defendant-tenant was illegal as the said deposit was made even after plaintiff had shown his willingness to accept rent directly by giving notice dated 29.11.1994 served upon the defendant on 5.12.1994. Accordingly, the plaintiff prayed for a decree for recovery of arrears of rent since 1.10.1994 amounting to Rs.777/- and for eviction. It was also alleged that the defendant had carried out structural changes in the demised premises, which had reduced its value and utility, thus making out ground for eviction under Section 20(2)(c) of the Act. Allegations were also made as to seek eviction on grounds specified under Section 20(2)(b) and (d) of the Act.

The defendant-tenant contested the suit by filing written statement asserting that he was being harassed by the landlord by filing one proceeding after the other in different courts for eviction. It was alleged that initially the plaintiff filed SCC Suit No. 24 of 1979 in the court of Munsif, Orai seeking eviction but which was dismissed and the revision filed by the plaintiff against the judgement of the trial court was also dismissed. The judgments were affirmed by this Court in Writ Petition No.9159 of 1983. The plaintiff also filed an application under Section 21(1) of the Act which was also dismissed and the order was maintained in Writ Petition No. 14684 of 1989 and by Supreme Court, while dismissing the S.L.P. The defendant asserted that he had been doing business of repairing iron shutters and channels and also engaged in business of ballis and bamboos. He categorically denied that he had defaulted in payment of rent. According to him when the plaintiff refused to accept rent it was deposited in Misc. Case No.82/83 under Section 30(1) of the Act and the entire rent was in deposit in the said proceeding except rent for the month of July 1996, which alongwith cost of the suit and other amount as contemplated under Section 20(4) of the Act was deposited on the first date of hearing. He also specifically denied having undertaken any structural change in the building so as to disfigure the same or which may have diminished the value of the tenanted premises. He also claimed that after receipt of notice dated 29.11.1994, he tendered rent to the plaintiff by money order dated 20.12.1994 for the months of October, November and December 1994 but which was refused by the plaintiff on 28.12.1994 consequently, rent for the said period and for future months was again deposited in Misc. Case No.82/83. There was no default in payment of rent nor any other ground for eviction under the Act is made out.

The trial court by judgment dated 22.12.2007 decreed the suit for eviction and recovery of arrears of rent. The trial court has observed that after receipt of notice dated 29.11.1994, the defendant sent rent to the plaintiff by money order Paper No.111-Ga, which was refused on 28.12.1994. The money order coupon was returned to the defendant on 6.12.1995 (sic 6.1.1995). However, the tenant had deposited rent in Misc. Case No.82/83 on 2.1.1995, even before return of money order coupon, therefore, the deposit is invalid and its benefit cannot be extended, while reckoning compliance of Section 20(4) of the Act. The rent deposited in the Court of Munsif, Orai was also illegal, as the jurisdiction in the matter was with Munsif Court, Kalpi. A passing reference has also been made to Rule 21 Form-F in holding that the tenant should have taken steps to get notice issued to the landlord informing him of the deposits made under Section 30 of the Act. Accordingly, the benefit of deposits made under Section 30 of the Act was not given to the defendant. The defendant was held to be a defaulter, liable to eviction. The other finding returned by the trial court was that the defendant had constructed a wall and closed a door on the eastern wall of the demised premises, resulting in reduction of the utility and value of the demised premises. It has also been held that it amounts to material structural changes, making out a ground for eviction under Section 20 (2) of the Act.

"(c) that the tenant has without the permission of the landlord, made or permitted to be made any such construction as in the opinion of the court has materially altered the accommodation or is likely substantially to diminish its value".

In the above context, the Supreme Court observed as under:-

"...................Many a time tenants make minor constructions and alterations for the convenient use of the tenanted accommodation. The Legislature does not provide for their eviction instead the construction so made would furnish ground for eviction only when they bring about substantial change in the front and structure of the building. Construction of a Chabutra, Almirah, opening a window or closing a verandah by temporary structure or replacing of a damaged roof which may be leaking or placing partition in a room or making similar minor alterations for the convenient use of the accommodation do not materially alter 'the building as in spite of such constructions the front and structure of the building may remain unaffected. The essential element which needs consideration is as to whether the constructions are substantial in nature and they alter, the form, front and structure of the accommodation."