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In 'Goeseart v. Cleary', (1948) 93 Law Ed. 163 a Michigan statute forbidding women being licensed as bartenders and at the same time making an exception in favour of the wives and daughters of the owners of liquor establishments was held by a majority of the Court not to violate the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.

Likewise, a city regulation which prohibited advertising vehicles in city streets, but permitted the putting of business notices upon business delivery vehicles, so long as they were used merely or mainly for advertising was held not to violate the due process and equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, in-'Railway Express Agency v. New York', (1948) 93 Law Ed. 533. The exception was upheld because the classification had relation to the purpose for which it was made, and Douglass J. remarked that it was by practical considerations based on experience rather than by theoretical exigencies that the question of equal protection should be answered.