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Showing contexts for: section 65b evidence act in Cbi vs . Rajinder Singh Rana Etc. on 18 July, 2016Matching Fragments
PW 2 Mahesh Chand Kashyap, the then Inspector as well as Dy. SP in Special Unit, CBI, New Delhi, has been the System Administrator with respect to the telephonic surveillance of telephones of Rajinder Singh Rana and Milan Kumar Dey in compliance of orders of Union Home Secretary of India. After the registration of the present case, PW 2 segregated 28 relevant calls and burnt the same into a CD and handed over the same to IO along with certificate u/s 65B Indian Evidence Act. The witness proved seizure memo Ex. PW 2/A, certificate u/s 65B Indian Evidence Act Ex. PW 2/B, AnnexureA attached with certificate containing details of intercepted calls Ex. PW 2/D (colly), call information report Ex. PW 2/E (colly). The witness also deposed about the surveillance orders Ex. PW 2/F, Ex. PW 2/G, Ex. PW 2/H, Ex. PW 2/J, mark PW 2/K and Ex. PW 2/L. PW 3 Prashaant Garg, has been the Chairman of School of Law Studies, Bulandshahr. He has been named as accused in FIR but during the investigation he turned approver and was granted pardon vide order dated 21/03/2012. PW 3 has given detailed facts in his testimony about applying in the office of Bar Council of India for approval of Law College vide letter and application form Ex. PW 3/A and Ex. PW 3/B. The witness also deposed about arrival of A1 Rajinder Singh Rana and A3 Milan Kumar Dey to Bulandshahr and their having conducted the inspection of college on 29.10.2010. PW 3 has deposed in detail with respect to demand of bribe raised by accused Rajinder Singh Rana and Milan Kumar Dey during their stay at Bulandshahr in Classic Hotel for giving favourable report and later for having finally settled at Rs. 3 lacs for giving the factual report, on the basis of infrastructure available in the college. The witness has deposed about the role played by each accused in the transaction and also about the delivery of Rs. 2.5 lacs at the residence of Rajinder Singh Rana on 03.11.2010 and remaining amount of Rs. 50,000/ on 08.11.2010. The specimen voice of PW 3 has also been recorded during the investigation. The videography of the inspection was done on 29/10/2010 by local photographer and video cassette was handed over by the witness to the IO and has been identified as Ex. P1. (Video Cassette could not be played during the trial). The voice sample CD is proved as Ex. P2, wherein the witness has identified his voice as well as voice of independent witness. PW 3 has also supported the factum of recording of his statement u/s 164 Cr. PC and identified the same as Ex. PW 3/D. PW 3 also admitted having used mobile phone no.
21. Arguing on behalf of accused Milan Kumar Dey (A3), ld. senior advocate Sh. B.M. Tripathi, submitted that sanction with respect to A3 has not been sought by CBI at any point of time despite the fact that accused was member of Bar Council of Jharkhand continuously since March 2006 and also remained member of Bar Council of India from March 2006 to 21/06/2012. The procedure for removal of member Bar Council is provided under rule 22 of Bar Council of India Rules and the same has not been followed in the present case. Relying upon the judgment of Nanjappa (supra), it is contended that case of prosecution falls apart for want of sanction. It is further contended that there are contradictions and improvements in the evidence of Prashaant Garg (approver) about important and crucial facts and therefore, no reliance can be placed on his testimony. The factum of inspection of school of law studies, Bulandshahr has also not been proved by the prosecution as the alleged letter informing about the change of panel members has not been produced in evidence nor the video cassette of the videography was displayed during the trial. The prosecution has failed to bring on record the best possible evidence and therefore presumption u/s 114 (g) is bound to arise. No oral evidence is also on record to the effect that inspection was carried out by accused Milan Kumar Dey and even TA/DA bills submitted by Milan Kumar Dey to accounts department of BCI shows that inspection of NREC college, Khurja, only was done by him. Despite admission by PW3 that letter was received about the change in constitution of inspecting members of BCI, the letter has not been placed on record. The statement of Prashaant Garg recorded u/s 164 Cr.P.C is not his voluntary confession and statutory requirements were not observed in this case. The approver's evidence has been falsified and therefore the charged offences are not established. With respect to the electronic evidence, it is submitted that intercepted calls are not substantive evidence and moreover, certificate tendered by PW2 u/s 65B Evidence Act, does not satisfy mandatory requirements. The voice recognition has also not been done by witnesses of prosecution and therefore, CD Ex PW5/Y is to be kept out of consideration. Ld. Counsel relied upon following judgments: Nanjappa vs State of Karnataka, 2015 SCC Online SC 649; VipulBhai M. Chaudhary vs Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation Limited and others, (2015) 8 SCC 1; Pratap Chandra Mehta vs State Bar Council of Madhya Pradesh and others, (2011) 9 SCC 573; Sarwan Singh & Anr vs State of Punjab, 1957 SCR 953; Ashok Kumar Aggarwal vs Central Bureau of Investigation and others, (2013) 15 SCC 222; Bhiva Doulu Patil vs State of Maharashtra, (1963) 3 SCR 830; Rampal Pithwa Rahidas and Others vs State of Maharashtra, 1994 Supp (2) SCC 73; Tomaso Bruno and another vs State of Uttar Pradesh, (2015) 7 SCC 178; Shivappa vs State of Karnataka, (1995) 2 SCC 76; Tulsi Singh vs State of Punjab, (1996) 6 SCC 63; State of Kerala and Another vs C.P. Rao, (2011) 6SCC 450; R.P.S. Yadav vs CBI, (2015) 11 SCC 642; Anvar P.V. Vs P.K. Basheer and others, (2014) 10 SCC 473 and Jagdeo Singh @ Jagga vs State, 2015 SCC Online Del 7229, in support of his arguments.
56. Due to the advancement of means of communication, use of telephones and mobile phones has become inevitable. The investigating and enforcement agencies use computer and software technology for effective results. The CD Ex. PW 5/Y is an electronic record. Section 65 B Indian Evidence Act, deals with the admissibility of electronic record and the purpose of this provision is to sanctify secondary evidence in electronic form, generated by a computer. It was held in Anvar P.V (supra), that electronic records are more susceptible to tampering, alteration, transposition, excision, etc., so without safeguards taken to ensure the source and authenticity, the whole trial based on proof of electronic records can lead to travesty of justice. Also was held that Evidence Act does not contemplate or permit the proof of an electronic record by oral evidence if requirements u/s 65B of Evidence Act are not complied with. Following are the four specified conditions under Section 65B (2) of the Evidence Act:
58. PW 2 Dy. SP M.C. Kashyap testified that the telephonic surveillance after taking approval of Union Home Secretary, under Section 5(2) of Indian Telegraph Act, 1885, was done through computer based system which automatically recorded intercepted calls of the telephone numbers under surveillance. He worked as System Administrator and controlled and monitored the process of recording and preservation of data. On the request of seniors, he segregated 28 relevant calls pertaining to this case and handed over the same to IO through seizure memo dated 11/10/2011 Ex. PW 2/A. He also handed over certificate u/s 65B Evidence Act Ex. PW 2/B, along with AnnexureA containing details of 28 intercepted calls Ex. PW 2/D and call information report Ex. PW 2/E (colly). The witness identified CD Ex. PW 5/Y bearing his signatures. Before segregating calls relevant to this case, the witness was given brief facts of the case and copy of FIR. In the course of deposition, PW 2 also stated about surveillance orders Ex. PW 2/F to Ex. PW2/L. During extensive crossexamination, witness answered all the questions properly about the procedure and functioning of the computer and voice recording system and about the exercise through which CD was prepared. It is clarified that calls were recorded automatically without human intervention. The CD was prepared by accessing the data through computer system connected through LAN. The witness explained during crossexamination that difference in timings of calls reflected at the end of service provider in CDRs and in the record of Special Unit, CBI, has been due to different time settings at the end of service provider and in the system maintained at CBI. The witness completely ruled out any kind of editing or tempering with recorded conversations and clearly stated that the software used in the process had no editing facility. The system was password protected and remained under his control during the relevant period.