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24. At this juncture, it is appropriate to refer to Section 463 of the IPC, which defines the offence of forgery as:

"Whoever makes any false document or false electronic record or part of a document or electronic record, with intent to cause damage or injury to the public or to any person, or to support any claim or title, or to cause any person to part with property, or to enter into any express or implied contract, or with
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NC: 2025:KHC-K:2595 intent to commit fraud or that fraud may be committed, commits forgery."

25. Further, Section 470 of IPC defines a 'forged document' as a false document made by forgery. As per Section 464 of the IPC, a person is said to have made a 'false document':

(i) if he has made or executed a document claiming to be someone else or authorized by someone else;
(ii) if he has altered or tampered with a document; or

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NC: 2025:KHC-K:2595

27. Section 468 of IPC, which deals with forgery for the purpose of cheating, is as follows:

"Whoever commits forgery, intending that the document or electronic record forged shall be used for the purpose of cheating, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to seven years, and shall also be liable to fine."

27.1 Section 468 of IPC deals with the act of committing forgery with the intention that the forged document shall be used for the purpose of cheating. It does not require that the accused should actually commit the offence of cheating; it is sufficient if the act is "likely to cause". Forgery is usually an act done in furtherance of some other criminal design; what is material is the intention or purpose of the offender in committing forgery. If his intention and purpose in committing forgery is that the forged document should be used for the purpose of cheating, the offender is guilty of the aggravated offence under Section 468 IPC.