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21. Section 173 of the BNSS governs the registration of FIRs, including the concept of the Zero FIR, and outlines the process for receiving information through oral, written, or electronic means. The concept of Zero FIR refers to a First Information Report filed at a police station regardless of jurisdiction. It essentially marks the initial stage of an investigation before the location of the offence is determined.
22. According to section 173(1) of the Bhartiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS) 2023, a Zero FIR allows any police station to register a complaint for a cognizable offence, regardless of whether the incident occurred within its jurisdiction. This section makes it imperative upon the police 2025:CHC-AS:1851 station to register a Zero FIR in case a cognizable offence is reported, even when the occurrence has taken place outside the jurisdiction of its police station.