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29. The decree of 21 September 1881 enables the Indians, who so desired to renounce their personal status and to come under the purview of the French laws, with the objective of facilitating the progressive assimilation of natives and of contributing to the uplift of the pariah by fraternity. These measures, which aimed at ethnic (or cultural), not only political, assimilation marked the beginning of the process of absorption.

30. One of the important steps taken in this direction was to give French Indians the right of Universal Manhood Franchise and towards that end, the French counters in India were endowed with a Deputy, a Senator, a General council, Local councils and Municipalities. In addition, native M.Kadirvelu vs G.Santhanalakshmi Indian Kanoonhttp:// indian kanoon. Org/doc/ 52794329/8 Indians were given the right to representation, association and organisation. Culturally, those Indians, who so desired, were invited to renounce their personal status (hence become renouncants) and place themselves under the authority of the French Civil Code.