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38] The last and most important witness on this aspect is CONF.1.2016 PW.38 Mr. Ajay Salunke. The evidence of this witness is below Exh.

158. He has stated in his evidence that he used to analyse and examine the hard-discs, C.D., Pen-drive, memory cards, mobile phone, etc. which were referred to him from the various Police Stations from Maharashtra. He states that on 20.10.2014 the articles were allotted to him for the forensic analysis. He opened the four sealed envelopes containing the sheets of photographs which were marked by his office as Exhs. 2 to 5. He states that there were four stages for analysis of articles. The first stage was acquiring, thereafter verifying, hashing and file signatures. He further states that at the time of analysis of hard-disc Exh. 1/1, it was not detected by the tools available in Cyber Forensic Division of his laboratory and, therefore, he had carried out analysis on the C.D. Exh. 1/2. He had adopted the same process and by acquiring he created the images of C.D. Exh. 1/2. He verified the images with the original C.D. Exh. 1/2 and generated the hash value of the same. He carried out the process of file signatures. Thereafter he arrived at the conclusion that there were no errors in the file signatures. He states that during analysis of C.D., six video files were detected in the extension which were of type "video file (.avi)". He further states that there were in all six files in the C.D. and all the six files were continuous and not edited CONF.1.2016 at all. He further states that he concluded the same after its examination by framing and timing method. He further states that he carried out the second test to ascertain that the files were not edited by hue saturation view method. All the six files were found not edited at any point of time and same were continuous one. He prepared the frame (still photos) of the video pictures recorded in the C.D. Exh. 1/2.

CONF.1.2016 The certificates under Section 65-B as has been observed by the Apex Court in para 15, have also been duly issued by PW35 Shrikant and PW30 Hitesh. The evidence regarding copying that information on the CD from the hard disc and regarding the seizure of the hard disc and the copy of the CD, has come in the evidence of PW35 Shrikant, PW30 Hitesh and PW48 Pratik Rathi. The evidence of PW47 Smt. Chitra Kamat would show that her office had received the material in sealed parcel. She had authorised PW38 Ajay Salunke to carry out the analysis. PW38 has carried out the analysis in the scientific manner. It will be relevant to note from the evidence of PW38 Ajay that he had generated the hash value of the CD. It will be relevant to refer to the information regarding file verification downloaded from Wikipedia:

"Hash-based verification ensures that a file has not been corrupted by comparing the file's hash value to a previously calculated value. If these values match, the file is presumed to be unmodified due to the nature of hash functions, hash collisions may result in false positives, but the likelihood of collisions is often negligible with random corruption."