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Showing contexts for: vicarious liability in Oanali Ismailji Sadikot vs State Of Gujarat & on 3 March, 2016Matching Fragments
58. Applying the doctrine of strict construction, we are of the considered opinion that commission of offence by the company is an express condition precedent to attract the vicarious liability of others. Thus, the words "as well as the company" appearing in the Section make it absolutely unmistakably clear that when the company can be prosecuted, then only the persons mentioned in the other categories could be vicariously liable for the offence subject to the averments in the petition and proof thereof. One cannot be oblivious of the fact that the company is a juristic person and it has its own respectability. If a finding is recorded against it, it would create a concavity in its reputation. There can be situations when the corporate reputation is affected when a director is indicted.
31 The conclusions drawn by the Supreme Court in the case of Aneeta Hada (supra) are not based merely on the fact that the company is a separate legal entity and juristic person, but these conclusions are drawn on the basis of the fact that Section 141 of the Negotiable Instruments Act deals with the vicarious liability. In paras 58 and 59 of the said judgment, referred above, the Supreme Court has referred to the wordings in Section 141 of the Negotiable Instruments Act and observed that commission of offence by a company is an express condition precedent to attract the vicarious liability of others. It was further held that the words "as well as the company" appearing in the section make it unmistakably clear that when a company is prosecuted, then only the persons mentioned in the other categories could be vicariously liable for the offence subject to the averments in the petition and proof thereof. It was further observed that the other categories of offenders like directors or partners of the firm can only be brought in the dragnet on the touchstone of vicarious liability as the same has been stipulated in the provision itself.
32 Thus, the Supreme Court has arrived at an irresistible conclusion that for maintaining the prosecution under Section 141 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, arraigning of the company as an accused is imperative, mainly on the basis of the vicarious liability of the directors of the company and not necessarily because the company is a juristic person and it has its own respectibility. That was an additional HC-NIC Page 22 of 47 Created On Fri Mar 04 02:34:08 IST 2016 circumstance considered by the Apex Court while holding that arraigning of a company as an accused is imperative, but the main basis for arriving at its conclusion was the vicarious liability which the directors or partners of the firm can have towards the company and hence without joining the company on the touchstone of vicarious liability they cannot be prosecuted.
33 Therefore, the ratio laid down in the case of Aneeta Hada (supra) can be made equally applicable in the case of a partnership firm also. The partners are liable and sued in their vicarious liability. Whether the partnership firm is a juristic person or not is a different aspect. What is important is that a partner of the firm is arraigned as an accused in the dragnet on the touchstone of vicarious liability, as is done in the case of directors of the company. Therefore, there is no reason at all to draw any distinction in respect of the law to be made applicable to a partnership firm and the company.