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15. In State of Maharashtra v. Dr. Budhikota Subbarao 1993 (3) SCC 339, this Court considered grant of sanction under section 197 on complaint of espionage. It was held that it was during the discharge of official duty the act was done, also considering the provisions contained in the Official Secrets Act, 1923 and the Atomic Energy Act, 1962, sanction for prosecution under section 197 Cr.P.C. was necessary. The meaning of the ‘official act’ has been considered by this Court and held thus :