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8. In this particular case the parallel behaviour over a long period of time by the different airlines amounts to a practice carried out by them. Practice has been defined under Section 2(m) of the Act in an inclusive manner and a defined as follows:--
"Practice" includes any practice relating to the carrying on of any trade by a person or an enterprise, .-' jo . - :7; 42.9?'-t«.:
9. Therefore price parallelism can be regarded as 5: -.: ""t$'f'>é'l_case of .. g ' [U eccygsdgthat they av airlines. It was for the airlines to establish by bringing have not indulged in price-fixing. This onus has not been discharged by the airlines either before the DG or before the Commission. There is no material to hold that there has been conspiracy or there was an agreement but for the practice carried out it is necessary for the parties to establish that they have not indulged in price-fixing. Under the provisions of Section 3(3) of the Competition Act it is not necessary for the Commission to establish adverse effect on competition (AAEC). But if the factors mentioned in Section 19(3) are looked into then by having price parallelism there is no accrual of benefits to consumers in and in fact the consumers are put to a loss.