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16 I respectfully say and submit that as the regular recruitment was   time   consuming,   due   to   multiple   process   being   involved,   and   through   public   selection   commission,   it   was   consciously   decided   by   the   State   Government in order to fulfill the requirement of Lecturers in Degree and   Diploma Courses to be appointed as ad­hoc or contractual appointment.   All   the   appointments   on   adhoc   and   contractual   basis   were   interim   arrangement till regularly selected candidates are available or 11 months,   whichever is earlier.

"d. Procedure adopted for appointment on temporary, adhoc,   contractual basis.

HC-NIC Page 20 of 72 Created On Thu Sep 08 01:05:15 IST 2016 17.1 I respectfully say and submit that as the Government was conscious   of the fact that the appointments of Lecturers are to be made on ad­hoc   basis, therefore, the Government had framed regulation named as 'Gujarat   Public   Service   Selection   Commission,   Exemption   from   Consolidation   Regulations,   1960"   (hereinafter   referred   as   Regulation   of   1960)   this   regulation   of   1960   came   into   force   on   06.10.2010.   The   main   object   behind framing this regulations was to see that the appointments which   are an interim arrangement as ad­hoc or contractual appointment, could   be systematically  and  smoothly  governed.  It would  be very pertinent  to   emphaize  that all those appointments  which are made for a period  less   than of 12 months does not require any consultation with the GPSC. A   copy   of   the   aforesaid   resolution   is   annexed   herewith   and   marked   as   Annexure­R­V. 17.2 I respectfully say and submit that the State of Gujarat has passed   the Government  Resolution dated  20.05.2008  which governs  the ad­hoc   appointments   for   the   Lecturers   posts   in   respective   Degree   and   Diploma   Courses. Furthermore, it is obsequiously submitted that by plain reading of   the   Governmental   Resolution   of   2008,   it   clearly   points   out   that   the   appointments   of   the   ad­hoc   lecturers   is   to   be   made   by   the   Selection   Committee consisting of the Director of Technical Education as Chairman   and Principal of Engineering or Technical or Pharmacy Colleges as special   expert   as   Principal   and   Joint   Director   of   Technical   Education   as   a   Principal   Secretary.   The   aforesaid   Government   Resolution   of   2008   emphatically delineates that the appointees on ad­hoc or contractual basis   shall be governed by the rules and terms of appointment and they shall not   be   entitled   to   other   benefits   which   are   given   to   the   regularly   selected   Lecturers. By emphasizing the aforesaid, it is submitted that at the time of   framing all the aforesaid resolution framers were conscious and considered   all   the   facts   that   the   regularly   appointee   as   well   as   ad­hoc   appointee   stands on different footing. Therefore,k the appointees on contractual / ad­ hoc cannot be equal in same manner of regularly appointed. 

27 I   fail  to   understand   why   the  State  Government  is   not  ready   to  understand in the context of ad hoc and contractual appointment that  the importance of teacher in educating younger generation and the need  HC-NIC Page 25 of 72 Created On Thu Sep 08 01:05:15 IST 2016 for ensuring their appropriate service conditions. The Supreme Court in  the   case   of  Andhra  Kesari  Education  Society  vs.   Director  of  School  Education and others [JT 1988 (4) SC 431] observed that the teacher is  a   spark   plug   or   engine   of   the   educational   system.   He   is   a   principal  instrument   in   awakening   the   child   to   cultural   values.   He   is   indeed  endowed   and   energised   with   needed   potential   to   deliver   enlightened  service expected of him. In State of Maharashtra vs. Vikash Saheb Rao  Roundale and others [1992 (5) SSC 175], the Supreme Court observed  that the teacher plays a pivotal role in moulding the career, character  and moral fibres and aptitude for educational excellence in children. The  concept of contractual appointment which may, as a matter of course, be  adopted in other services cannot be taken recourse of in the matter of  school / college teachers who have pivotal role to play in the society. In  my view, they are not even debarred from challenging the inequitable,  oppressive   and   unjustified   conditions   even   though   by   force   of  circumstances they had accepted the engagement. I can appreciate that  ad   hoc   or   contractual   appointments   are   made   pursuant   to   a   scheme  framed by any Corporation or statutory body with some object and a  decision is taken to discontinue the scheme. In such circumstances, the  ad hoc or contractual appointment in the first instance may be justified  and   putting   an   end   to   the   services   also   at   times   may   be   justified.  However,   in   the   case   like   the   posts   of   Lecturer   in   the   Engineering  Colleges why should there be ad hoc and contractual appointment, more  particularly, when there are hundreds of sanctioned vacant posts. Once  again, at the cost of repetition, the reply of the State Government that it  is   for   the   G.P.S.C.   to   do   the   needful   is   not   at   all   reasonable   and  acceptable. It is too much to say that past two decades, the G.P.S.C. has  not   been   able   to   find   sufficient   time   to   undertake   the   recruitment.  Whatever   may   have   been   the   reason   for   not   filling   up   the   posts   of  Lecturers through the G.P.S.C., the same does not appear to be a part of  HC-NIC Page 26 of 72 Created On Thu Sep 08 01:05:15 IST 2016 the sound educational policy. It is high time that the administration, in  the interest of education, pays immediate attention to this vital aspect of  the matter. I do not find any difference between the ad hoc Lecturers  appointed   before   the   28th  May   2008   and   the   writ   applicants   herein  appointed on ad hoc basis after the 28th May 2008. It may not be out of  place to state that since 2009, there has been no ad hoc appointment,  but only contractual on the fixed pay. The ad hoc Lecturers appointed  before   28th  May   2008   are   receiving   all   the   benefits   which   a   regular  Lecturer is receiving as on date, except the status which remans ad hoc.  Why should the ad hoc Lecturers appointed after 28th May 2008 not be  put on par with the ad hoc Lecturers before 28th My 2008.  

21 In the result, the appeal is partly allowed. The impugned order is   set aside. However, the appellants are directed to pay to the respondents   minimum of the pay­scale prescribed for the post of Assistant Engineer (as   revised  from time  to time) from the date of their appointment  till they   continued in the employment of the Corporation." 

33 The   aforenoted   decision   of   the   Supreme   Court   is   sought   to   be  distinguished by Mr. Jani, the learned Additional Advocate General on  HC-NIC Page 36 of 72 Created On Thu Sep 08 01:05:15 IST 2016 the ground that in the case before the Supreme Court, the appointments  on   contractual   basis   were   after   following   the   due   process   of   law.  Whereas   so   far   as   the   case   in   hand   is   concerned,   since   the   writ  applicants have not been appointed through the Gujarat Public Service  Commission, they cannot be said to have been appointed in accordance  with law. I am not at all impressed by such distinction drawn by the  learned Additional Advocate General. It would not be proper to say that  the writ applicants were appointed without any process of selection. The  State   Government   itself   has   explained   the   procedure   adopted   for  appointment   on   the   temporary,   ad   hoc,   contractual   basis.   The  appointment of the ad hoc Lecturers is made by the Selection Committee  consisting of the Director of Technical Education, as its Chairman, and  the Principal of Engineering or Technical or Pharmaceutical Colleges as  an expert. Although the selection had not been made through the Public  Service Commission, yet there was a process of selection. It will be too  much to say that since the contractual appointees are not through the  G.P.S.C., they are not even entitled to receive the minimum of the pay  scale prescribed for the post in question with the other allowances. At  this  stage, I would like  to refer to  and rely  upon  the  decision  of the  Supreme   Court  in   the   case  of  State of  Karnataka and another  v.  B.  Suvarna Malini and another [(2001) 1 SCC 728]. The Supreme Court  in para 3 observes "these cases involve not only a question of law but also a  human   problem   inasmuch   as   these   part   time   lecturers   have   served   in   different colleges for varying period for ten to twenty years and, if they are   not regularised and treated as regular servants, then they will not be able to   get themselves engaged anywhere else and at the same time, their experience   in teaching will be a great loss to the student community".