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Waste Management The government of Himachal Pradesh has notified that the ULBs, rural local bodies, notified areas, temple trusts, etc. shall quantify the solid waste generated due to tourism activities and ensure scientific disposal of the same. This is given impetus by Hon'ble High Court in the matter CWP 2369/2018, wherein the court has directed that "We should impress upon the State Government to empower the local bodies to levy solid waste management charges upon tourists in entry point to make solid waste management services sustainable". The management of solid waste generated from hill spots and trekking/expedition is a challenging task. Different scientific studies, which were carried out in the state, highlighted how tourism impacts waste management. The average waste generation was 200 gm - 300 gm/person/day in hill spots and 200 gm - 288 gm during trekking/expeditions during 2003 (Kuniyal et al., 2003a). This waste comprised 65.2% - 83.1% of bio-degradable waste of the total waste which mainly contained vegetable waste, fruits, and other food material. In case of non- biodegradable waste, its components were largely glassware, polythene, plastic bottles, and wrappers. Among non-biodegradable waste, it was recommended that 60.68% of waste was able to be recycled if collected and transported properly. In the Kullu and Manali region, the biodegradable waste generated from the tourists was found to be 47.6% - 65.5% of the total waste generated respectively (Kuniyal et al. 2003b). Himachal Pradesh generates the maximum amount of garbage in May and June when floating population visit from plain to the mountain. However, the garbage generation in the state's hill station has gone down to an unusual amount during the lockdown season.

Assessment of waste generation in Darjeeling hills The problem of solid waste generation in Darjeeling hills is increasing. There are seven ULBs in the district; 1 Municipal Corporation (Siliguri), 3 Municipalities (Darjeeling, Kalimpong and Kurseong), 1 Notified Area Council (Mirik), and 2 Cantonment Boards (Jalapahar and Labong). As per the District Environment Plan (2021), 66.38 MT/day solid waste is generated from Darjeeling Municipality. Amongst all the ULBs, maximum waste is generated by Municipal Corporation Siliguri (350-400 MT/day).

Assessment of waste generation in Nagaland Solid waste generation for the past decade (2010-2020) and other relevant data were retrieved from annual review reports by CPCB on municipal solid waste. Waste generation and collection have shown a steady rise up to 2017-18, then a minor reduction until 2019-20.
As per the latest data for the year 2021, the state is generating 331.49 MT of solid waste daily. Around 78% of the total waste is collected. Facilities are also available for waste processing, especially plastic waste recycling (CPCB, 2021).
The state government is working to draw in quality visitors, and as a result, revenue generation has been continuously rising except during COVID-19 pandemic. The rate of change of revenue generation in the state ranged from 3.89% to 39.28%. The rate of change was maximum (39.28%) during 2013-2014 and minimum (3.89%) during 2019-2020. However, during the COVID-19 pandemic in the year 2020-2021, it has declined drastically by 41.11%.
Effects of tourism on environmental components Assessment of solid waste generation Urban areas of Mizoram generate 348.19 MT of solid waste per day which roughly estimates to 520 gm/day per capita (MPCB,2019-20). Aizawl, being the capital city has MRF for waste processing apart from mechanized composting plant (MPCB, 2022). Other urban areas have facilities for bio-degradable waste management but automated operations for dry waste management is still lacking in many of these areas. For example, in Siaha district, source segregation and segregated waste transportation is practiced. However, the district lacks solid waste management centre which has been a detrimental factor towards effective waste management. Similarly, Saitual town is generating 4.36 TPD solid waste which is collected and transported to dump site. Land for construction of solid waste management centre is identified. Amongst all, Kolasib town is frontrunner in solid waste management. The town is declared as "Model Solid Waste Management Centre" in Mizoram by Urban Development & Poverty Allevation (UD&PA) Department.