C/SCA/11484/2012 IA ORDER
Moreover, since the possessions of the unit was handed
over to M/s. DPTL/ DPIL, provisions of Section 17B would
also be attracted based on the ratio in the Dalgaon Agro
Industries Ltd. v. Union of India and others {2004(5)
LLN.288 (Cal.H.C.)]
"A legal fiction has been created in respect of the
liabilities arising under any provision of 1952 Act
to continue the liability for the purpose of
facilitating recovery even in respect of the dues
that had accrued prior to the date of transfer
making both the transferor and the transferee
liable jointly and severally. It is difficult to
accept the proposition that the provisions of
Section 17B would not extend to Section 14B despite
the damages imposable thereunder being other sum
due under the provisions of the Act."
The Calcutta High Court in Bengal Tea Industries Ltd v/s Union
of India3 while dealing with objections raised on behalf of the Regional
Director observed that since the scheme did not provide for any
arrangement with the creditors of the company nor adversely affects the
interest of the creditors it is not necessary in law to call a meeting of the
creditors and obtain their views on the scheme.
(6) As per section 8F (3) (i) & (ii) of the EPF & MP Act, 1952 the
dues assessed can be recovered from any person who holds or may
subsequently hold any money for or on account of the defaulter
establishment/employer jointly with any other person and for the
purposes of this sub section, the shares of the joint holders in such
account shall be presumed. As per the Act, M/s Oscar Industries has
became the owner of all the Assets & Liabilities of M/s Mathur Mirco
Motors and Appliances Pvt.Ltd. On purchase of their Assets.
Therefore, the sole responsibility to pay the PF dues has shifted
from Mathur Mirco Motors and Appliances Pvt.Ltd to M/s Oscar
Industries. The respondent has issued the attachment order against
the assets of original defaulter now with M/s Oscar Industries
(petitioner). By Virtue of purchase of properties of the defaulter
Establishment, the Petitioner has become the Transferee who also is
therefore, statutorily duty bound to pay the amounts defaulted by
the Establishment with damages and penal interest. The Full bench
of Calcutta High Court were pleased to discuss this issue in detail in
similar matter, in the case filed by Dalgaon Agro Industries Ltd.
vs Union of India, reported in (2006) 1 CALLT 32 (HC),
"A transferee would be liable for the damages jointly and severally
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C/SCA/8304/2018 ORDER DATED: 14/06/2022
in respect of defaults committed prior to the date of transfer by
reason of Section 17B" and "In terms of the provisions contained in
Section 17B, the amount recoverable under Section 14B is a sum
due under the provisions of the 1952 Act."
12. The case of the Provident Fund Authorities has been argued by Mr. Prasad,
whose main submission is that since the charge against the establishment is
non-payment of dues to the Trust Fund, the employer is cannot be absolved of
his responsibility. The respondents' main case on the point of the liability of the
petitioner is that while discharging the duties of the managing director of the
company, he was in charge of the affairs of the company. This rendered him
liable for the dues of the company. His alternative case is that whether the
petitioner comes within the ambit of the definition of employer or not is
essentially a factual issue, and this Court in exercise of the constitutional writ
jurisdiction ought not to enter into this aspect of the controversy. The decision
relied upon by him in support of this submission is a judgment of a Special
Bench of this Court in the case of Dalgaon Agro Industries Ltd. Vs. Union of
India reported in 2005(3) CHN 428.
Counsel for the respondent-Provident Fund
Commissioner has placed heavy reliance on Full Bench decision of
Calcutta High Court in the case of Dulgaon Agro Industries Ltd.
(now known as Tasati Tea Limited) Vs. Union of India and
others, 2005-III LLJ 356. No doubt, the Full Bench has held that
transferee would be jointly and severally liable even in respect of
sum due prior to the transfer, which sum includes damages as
contemplated under Section 14-B of the Act but our own High Court
and some other High Courts have taken a contrary view in this
regard. Apparently, what had prompted the Full Bench of Calcutta
High Court to take this view was the object and purpose of the
Civil Writ Petition No.15933 of 2009 : 13 :
statute, which was to give benefits to the employees. It was
accordingly observed that the Court has to construe the same in a
manner to advance the interest of the employees. The employees
are employed in the establishment and they are concerned with the
employer of the establishment for the time being. They can not be
made to run after the transferor employer. Accordingly, the
transferees were held liable. In the present case, however, neither
the employees are the same nor is it the same establishment. The
consideration which weighed with the Full Bench, thus, would not
strictly apply in the present case.
As against the said order, the appellant initially filed a writ petition before this Court in W.P.No.16490 of 2000, withdrawing the writ petition on the ground that they proposed to move the High Court of Andhra Pradsh and the writ petition was dismissed by this Court on 13.10.2000. Thereafter, the appellant moved the High Court of Andhra Pradhesh and the writ petition was dismissed and the order passed by the Tribunal was confirmed. Therefore, it is contended that the present appeal which has been filed under Section 130 of the Customs Act is not maintainable before this Court as the cause of action for filing the appeal does not arise within the jurisdiction of this Court as the situs of the Assessing Officer will determine the jurisdiction and not the situs of the Tribunal in this regard. The learned counsel appearing for the Revenue in support of his submission relied upon the decision of the Hon'ble Surpeme Court in the case of Ambica Industries vs. Commissioner of Central Excise, reported in (2007) 6 SCC 769; the decision of the Full Bench of the High Court of Delhi in the case of New India Assurance Co., Ltd., vs. Union of India & Ors., reported in AIR 2010 Delhi 43; and the decision of the Special Bench of the High Court of Delhi constituted for reconsideration of the decision of the Full Bench of the High Court of Delhi in the case of M/s.Sterling Agro Industries Ltd., vs. Union of India & Ors., reported in AIR 2011 Delhi 174, (SB).
In the impugned Order, the present Division Bench had the
advantage of perusing the view taken by a Special Bench of three learned
Judges of the Calcutta High Court in Dalgaon Agro Industries Ltd. vs Union
of India, (2006) 1 CALLT 32 (HC), which was decided on 24.06.2005. The
Special Bench was constituted in view of a reference submitted by a Single
Judge in Writ Petition No. 16037(W), who had entertained an opinion which
differed with three earlier decisions rendered by Single Judges in three
separate matters. Along with the aforestated writ petition, an appeal
pending before a Division Bench against one of those Single Judge decisions
was also taken up by the Special Bench. In this Appeal, therefore, we have
primarily to consider whether the exposition of law by the Special Bench in
Dalgaon Agro Industries Ltd. is the logical and acceptable view.
3 The factual matrix obtaining in the case at hand, succinctly stated,
is that M/s. Mathura Tea Estate, P.O. Mathura Bagan, District Jalpaiguri,
West Bengal, owned by Saroda Tea Company Ltd., indubitably an establishment
covered by the Employees’ Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act,
1952 (‘the EPF Act’ for brevity), had defaulted in remitting the
contributions and accumulations payable under the EPF Act and the sundry
Schemes formulated under that statute. It was in those circumstances that
the Regional Provident Fund Commissioner (‘RPF Commissioner’ for brevity),
Jalpaiguri, West Bengal, had issued notices to M/s. Mathura Tea Estate
enabling it to show cause against the imposition of ‘damages’ as envisaged
under Section 14B of the EPF Act. M/s. Mathura Tea Estate requested for a
waiver of damages, which request came to be rejected on the predication
that the said establishment was neither a sick unit nor the subject of any
scheme for rehabilitation sanctioned by the Board for Industrial and
Financial Reconstruction. In the duration of those proceedings, the
management of M/s. Mathura Tea Estate under the erstwhile ownership of
Saroda Tea Company Ltd. was taken over by Eveready Industries (India) Ltd,
which thereafter discharged the liability of entire principal sum of
Provident Fund dues to the tune of Rs.75,76,000/- pertaining to the period
prior to the takeover in consonance with the Memorandum of Understanding
entered into between it and Saroda Tea Company Ltd. Significantly, the
said Memorandum of Understanding also included a clause to the effect that
any damages payable for the failure to deposit the dues and accumulations
under the EPF Act would be the exclusive liability of Saroda Tea Company
Ltd making it palpably evident that the appellant was fully alive to this
liability. It is in these premises that Eveready Industries (India) Ltd.
undauntedly contended before the RPF Commissioner, Jalpaiguri, in the event
in futility, that proceedings under Section 14B of the EPF Act against it
were unjustified as it was not the “employer” defined under Section 2(e) of
the EPF Act, which defaulted in paying contributions. The RPF
Commissioner has recorded that M/s. Mathura Tea Estate had defaulted in
payment of dues for the period from March, 1989 to February, 1998, which
assertion of fact is not in dispute. It held that on a conjoint reading
of Sections 14B and 17B of the EPF Act it was clear that damages under
Section 14B were recoverable jointly and severally from Saroda Tea Company
Ltd. as well as Eveready Industries (India) Ltd. After tabulating the
rates of damages, i.e. percentage of arrears per annum depending on the
period of default, damages were assessed at Rs.70,37,950; and it was
further directed that failure to deposit penal damages within the
stipulated period would attract the provisions of Section 7Q of the EPF
Act, thereby enhancing the liability to include simple interest at the rate
of 12 per cent per annum on the damages. It was this Order of the RPF
Commissioner that failed to find favour with the learned Single Judge of
the High Court at Calcutta, who set aside the Commissioner’s Orders and
directed the said Authority to reconsider the issues within a period of
three months.