Padmanabhan vs Kerala State Handloom Development ... on 24 June, 1992
But both rulings accept-referring to Suresh Koshy George's case and Associated Cement Co. Ltd. 's case, that a second opportunity at the stage of punishment is not part of the law of the land and is not a necessary requirement of principles of natural justice. Even a single opportunity could be excluded if there was nexus with the object of the statutory or rule provision in a given distinct class of cases and this is not violative of Article 14. This is so even though principles of natural justice are a facet of Article 14.