39. In the result, both the respondent Nos. 3 and 4 are responsible for the medical negligence. It
is a well settled law that hospital is vicariously liable for its Doctors. State would also be
vicariously liable on account of negligence of its doctors and other employee. (reference - V.
Krishnakumar's case (supra), Sabita Garg's case (supra), Balram Prasad's case (supra) and
Achutrao Haribhau's case (supra) ). It is no longer res integra that doctors, hospital and nursing
home and other connection establishment are to be dealt strictly if they are found to be negligent
with the patient. The patients irrespective of their social, cultural and economic background are
entitled to be treated with dignity which not only forms their fundamental rights but also their
human rights. Therefore, the decision of the Commission/court would act as a deterrent and
reminder to those doctors, hospitals, nursing homes other connected establishment who did not
take their responsibility seriously .
11.4.17 It is well established that a hospital is vicariously liable
for the acts of negligence committed by the doctors engaged
or empanelled to provide medical care.33 It is common
experience that when a patient goes to a hospital, he/she
goes there on account of the reputation of the hospital, and
with the hope that due and proper care will be taken by the
hospital authorities. 34 If the hospital fails to discharge their
duties through their doctors, being employed on job basis or
employed on contract basis, it is the hospital which has to
justify the acts of commission or omission on behalf of their
doctors. 35
33 Savita Garg v. National Heart Institute (2004) 8 SCC 56; Balram Prasad (2014) 1 SCC
384 : (2014) 1 SCC (Civ) 327; Achutrao Haribhau Khodwa v. State of Maharashtra (1996) 2
SCC 634; V. Krishnakumar v. State of Tamil Nadu, (2015) 9 SCC 388 : (2015) 4 SCC (Civ)
546
34 Savita Garg v. National Heart Institute (2004) 8 SCC 56 : (2004) 8 Scale 694
35 Savita Garg v. National Heart Institute (2004) 8 SCC 56 : (2004) 8 Scale 694
62
11.4.18 Accordingly, we hold Appellant No.1-Hospital to be
vicariously liable for the acts of omission and commission
committed by Appellant Nos. 2 to 4. We hold all the
Appellants as being jointly and severally liable to pay
compensation to the Complainants.
Recently, Hon'ble Supreme
Court in the case of V. Krishnakumar v. State of Tamil Nadu & Ors.,
VI (2015) SLT 769=III (2015) CPJ 15 (SC)=Civil Appeal No. 8065 of
// 13 //
2009, decided on July 1, 2015 held the Government of Tamil Nadu is
responsible for medical negligence caused in the government
Hospital."
Keeping in view Rule 17 of PAPRA wherein 12% interest was laid down to be equitable; the submission that floating interest @ 11.65% p.a. was paid to HDFC Bank and also interest @ 15% p.a. was being charged by the Developer in case of delayed payments together with the fact that the Complainants had paid for these residential plots way back in the year 2009 and for building homes for themselves and their joint family, I do not find any substantial grounds to interfere with the well-considered order of the State Commission in awarding interest @ 12% p.a. The Hon'ble Apex Court in V. Krishnakumar vs. State of Tamil Nadu & Ors. (2015) 9 SCC 388, while quantifying the compensation has sagely relied on restitutio in integrum. Indisputably, grant of compensation is based on the Principle of restitutio in integrum. The said principle provides that a person entitled to damages should, as nearly as possible, get that sum of money which would put him in the same position as he would have been if he had not sustained the wrong. An application of this Principle is that the aggrieved person should get the sum of money, which would put him in the same position if he had not sustained the wrong. It must necessarily result in compensating the aggrieved person for the financial loss suffered due to the event, the pain and suffering undergone and the liability that he/she would have to incur due to the loss and harassment caused by the event. The Complainants have not only lost the opportunity of owning a home almost a decade ago but have also suffered mental agony on account of the deficiency of service on behalf of the Developer. Hence, this interest awarded @ 12% p.a. is being retained as no further compensation is being awarded.
55. The complainant has claimed compensation of
₹20,00,000/-, including litigation expenses of ₹20,000/-. The age of the
complainant at the time of administration of injection was just 30 years.
The Hon'ble Supreme Court of India in "V. Krishnakumar Vs. State
of Tamil Nadu & others" Civil Appeal No.8065 of 2009, decided on
01.07.2015 has taken the expectancy of human life to be of 70 years
and further held in para No.23 as under:-
89. Although, the loss suffered by the complainants due to
deficiency in service and medical negligence of opposite parties No.2
Consumer Complaint No.886 of 2018 64
to 5 cannot be compensated in terms of money, yet in view of law laid
down by the Hon'ble Supreme Court in above referred authority, age
of the patient, and the totality of facts and circumstances of the case,
we award lump sum compensation of ₹33,00,000/- (Rupees Thirty
Three Lac only) to the complainants, along with interest at the rate of
7% per annum from the date of filing of the complaint till realization,
due to deficiency in service and medical negligence and deficiency in
service on the part of opposite parties No.2 to 5 and resultant mental
agony, harassment, avoidable pain, sufferings caused to the
complainants and her family members, including medical expenses
and loss of their beloved child. However, the apportionment of the
compensation/liabilities of opposite parties No.2 to 5, as per the extent
of their deficiency in service and medical negligence, will be detailed in
the conclusion and relief part of this judgment.
49. Although, the loss suffered by the complainant due to
deficiency in service and medical negligence of O.P. No.1 cannot be
compensated in terms of money, yet in view of law laid down by the
Hon'ble Supreme Court in above referred authority, age of the patient,
Consumer Complaint No.23 of 2019 41
and the totality of facts and circumstances of the case, we award lump
sum compensation of ₹10,00,000/- (Rupees Ten Lac only) to the
complainant, along with interest at the rate of 8% per annum from the
date of filing of the complaint till realization, due to deficiency in
service and medical negligence on the part of O.P. No.1 and resultant
mental agony, harassment, avoidable pain, sufferings caused to the
complainant, including aforesaid medical expenses.