Raja Bahadur Vishweshwara Singh Of ... vs The Commissioner Of Income-Tax And Ors. on 26 April, 1956
(a) when what is done is not merely a realization or a
change of investment but an act done in what is truly
the carrying on of a business, the amount recovered
as appreciation will be assessable as business profit
as held in the case of Rajabahadur Vishweshwara
Singh V. CIT reported in (1961) 41 ITR 685 (SC). In
such a situation what is to be found out for such
determination is whether at the time of purchasing a
particular land, the assessee had an intention to sell it
subsequently at a profit or only to make an
investment. The presence of commercial motive is a
primary legal requisite of trade. This commercial
motive is established by the fact that the appellant
bought land out of borrowed fund as its own fund was
quite meager. Purchase and sale as a business deal is
another requisite. An intention to make profit
normally inspires trade and commerce.