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Ram Kanya Bai & Anr vs Jagdish & Ors on 4 July, 2011

xx xx xx xx Custom is authoritative, it stands in the place of law, and regulates the conduct of men in the most important concerns of life; fashion is arbitrary and capricious, it decides in matters of trifling import; manners are rational, they are the expressions of moral feelings. Customs have more force in a simple state of society. Both practice and custom are general or particular but the former is absolute, the latter relative; a practice may be adopted by a number of persons without reference to each other; but a custom is always followed either by limitation or prescription; the practice of gaming has always been followed by the vicious part of society, but it is to be hoped for the honour of man that it will never become a custom.” (See also: Ram Kanya Bai & Anr. v. Jagdish & Ors. AIR 2011 SC 3258).
Supreme Court of India Cites 6 - Cited by 10 - R V Raveendran - Full Document

Gherulal Parakh vs Mahadeodas Maiya And Others on 26 March, 1959

13. Adoption is made to ensure spiritual benefit for a man after his death. The primary object of adoption was to gratify ancestors' by means of annual offerings, and therefore it was considered necessary that the offerer, must as far as possible be a reflection of the real descendant, and must look as much like a real son as possible, and must certainly not be one, who could never have been a son. Therefore, the present body of rules has evolved out of a phrase of Saunaka, which emphasizes that an adopted male, must be 'the reflection of a son'. (Vide: Gherulal Parakh v. Mahadeodas Maiya, AIR 1959 SC 781; and V.T.S. Chandrashekhara Mudaliar (Dead thr. Lrs.)
Supreme Court of India Cites 25 - Cited by 118 - Full Document

Kumar Harish Chandra Singh Das & Ors vs Bansidhar Mohanty And Ors on 5 May, 1965

17. It has been laid down that it would defy common sense, if a party to a deed could also attest the same. Thus, a party to an instrument cannot be a valid attesting witness to the said instrument, for the reason, that such party cannot attest its own signature. (Vide: Kumar Harish Chandra Singh Deo & Anr. v. Bansidhar Mohanty & Ors., AIR 1965 SC 1738).
Supreme Court of India Cites 8 - Cited by 8 - J R Mudholkar - Full Document

Delta International Ltd vs Shyam Sunder Ganeriwalla And Anr on 9 April, 1999

In Delta International Limited v. Shyam Sundar Ganeriwalla & Anr., AIR 1999 SC 2607, this Court held that the intention of the parties is to be gathered from the document itself. Intention must primarily be gathered from the meaning of the words used in the document, except where it is alleged and proved that the document itself is a camouflage. If the terms of the  document are not clear, the surrounding circumstances and the conduct of the parties have also to be borne in mind for the purpose of ascertaining the real relationship between the parties. If a dispute arises between the very parties to the written instrument, then intention of the parties must be gathered from the document by reading the same as a whole.
Supreme Court of India Cites 16 - Cited by 105 - M B Shah - Full Document
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