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1 - 10 of 20 (0.70 seconds)Article 19 in Constitution of India [Constitution]
Article 29 in Constitution of India [Constitution]
St. Stephen'S College vs University Of Delhi on 6 December, 1991
A. The basic ratio laid down by this Court in St. Stephen's
College case (supra) is correct, as indicated in this judgment.
However, rigid percentage cannot be stipulated. It has to be left
to authorities to prescribe a reasonable percentage having
regard to the type of institution, population and educational
needs of minorities.
Article 51A in Constitution of India [Constitution]
Article 142 in Constitution of India [Constitution]
Article 26 in Constitution of India [Constitution]
Unni Krishnan, J.P. And Ors. Etc. Etc vs State Of Andhra Pradesh And Ors. Etc. Etc on 4 February, 1993
A. The scheme framed by this Court in Unni Krishnan case
(supra) and the direction to impose the same, except where it
holds that primary education is a fundamental right, is
unconstitutional. However, the principle that there should not be
capitation fee or profiteering is correct. Reasonable surplus to
meet cost of expansion and augmentation of facilities does not,
however, amount to profiteering.
Article 41 in Constitution of India [Constitution]
T.M.A. Pai Foundation & Ors vs State Of Karnataka & Ors (With Other ... on 31 October, 2002
"..we direct that in order to give effect to
the judgment in T.M.A. Pai case the
respective State Governments/concerned
authority shall set up, in each State, a
committee headed by a retired High Court
Judge who shall be nominated by the Chief
Justice of that State. The other member, who
shall be nominated by the Judge, should be a
Chartered Accountant of repute. A
representative of the Medical Council of India
(in short "MCI") or the All India Council for
Technical Education (in short "AICTE"),
depending on the type of institution, shall also
be a member. The Secretary of the State
Government in charge of Medical Education or
Technical Education, as the case may be,
shall be a member and Secretary of the
Committee. The Committee should be free to
nominate/co-opt another independent person
of repute, so that the total number of
members of the Committee shall not exceed
five. Each educational institute must place
before this Committee, well in advance of the
academic year, its proposed fee structure.
Along with the proposed fee structure all
relevant documents and books of accounts
must also be produced before the Committee
for their scrutiny. The Committee shall then
decide whether the fees proposed by that
institute are justified and are not profiteering
or charging capitation fee. The Committee will
be at liberty to approve the fee structure or to
propose some other fee which can be charged
by the institute. The fee fixed by the
Committee shall be binding for a period of
three years, at the end of which period the
institute would be at liberty to apply for
revision. Once fees are fixed by the
Committee, the institute cannot charge either
directly or indirectly any other amount over
and above the amount fixed as fees. If any
other amount is charged, under any other
head or guise e.g. donations, the same would
amount to charging of capitation fee. The
Governments/appropriate authorities should
consider framing appropriate regulations, if
not already framed, whereunder if it is found
that an institution is charging capitation fees
or profiteering that institution can be
appropriately penalised and also face the
prospect of losing its recognition/affiliation.
(para 7)
We now direct that the respective State
Governments do appoint a permanent
Committee which will ensure that the tests
conducted by the association of colleges is fair
and transparent. For each State a separate
Committee shall be formed. The Committee
would be headed by a retired Judge of the
High Court. The Judge is to be nominated by
the Chief Justice of that State. The other
member, to be nominated by the Judge,
would be a doctor or an engineer of eminence
(depending on whether the institution is
medical or engineering/technical). The
Secretary of the State in charge of Medical or
Technical Education, as the case may be, shall
also be a member and act as the Secretary of
the Committee. The Committee will be free to
nominate/co-opt an independent person of
repute in the field of education as well as one
of the Vice-Chancellors of the University in
that State so that the total number of persons
on the Committee do not exceed five. The
Committee shall have powers to oversee the
tests to be conducted by the association. This
would include the power to call for the
proposed question paper(s), to know the
names of the paper-setters and examiners
and to check the method adopted to ensure
papers are not leaked. The Committee shall
supervise and ensure that the test is
conducted in a fair and transparent manner.
The Committee shall have the powers to
permit an institution, which has been
established and which has been permitted to
adopt its own admission procedure for the
last, at least, 25 years, to adopt its own
admission procedure and if the Committee
feels that the needs of such an institute are
genuine, to admit, students of their
community, in excess of the quota allotted to
them by the State Government. Before
exempting any institute or varying in
percentage of quota fixed by the State, the
State Government must be heard before the
Committee. It is clarified that different
percentage of quota for students to be
admitted by the management in each minority
or non-minority unaided professional
college(s) shall be separately fixed on the
basis of their need by the respective State
Governments and in case of any dispute as
regards fixation of percentage of quota, it will
be open to the management to approach the
Committee. It is also clarified that no
institute, which has not been established and
which has not followed its own admission
procedure for the last, at least, 25 years, shall
be permitted to apply for or be granted
exemption from admitting students in the
manner set out hereinabove. (para 19)"