15. The aforesaid grounds of challenge, are primarily based on the
statement of the petitioner that from the perusal of the language of the
bank guarantees and the letter of invoking bank guarantees, it is a case of
egregious fraud and of special equities. I am afraid, that the language of
the bank guarantees and the letter invoking bank guarantees surely, does
not make out a case of special equities or egregious fraud. On a perusal of
the pleadings, no case of fraud has been made out. The only ground
being, the bank guarantees could only be invoked upon termination or
when an amount is due, or the amounts being set off, would not make a
case of fraud of egregious nature as to vitiate the underlying transaction.
The ground that encashment of bank guarantees would cause irreparable
injury, suffice to state, that the parties are before the Arbitral Tribunal and
the amount has been directed to be deposited in an escrow account. So
the said ground is unsustainable. I note for benefit, the reliance placed by
ARB. A. (COMM) 07/2016 Page 15 of 17
Mr. Sethi on the judgment of this Court in National Highways Authority
of India (supra), wherein this Court has held plea of lack of good faith
and/or enforcing the guarantee with an oblique purpose or that the bank
guarantee is being invoked as a bargaining chip, a deterrent or in an
abusive manner are all irrelevant, hence have to be ignored.
In U.P Cooperative Federation vs. Singh
Consultants & Engineers Pvt. Ltd (1988) 1 SCC 174, the respondent
therein entered into an agreement with the appellant for constructing a
vanaspati manufacturing plant for the latter. The contract required the
respondent to furnish two bank guarantees for proper construction and
successful completion of the plant. Bank of India executed two bank
ARB. A. (COMM) 07/2016 Page 7 of 17
guarantees in favour of the appellant. Under the terms of guarantee the
bank undertook to make unconditional payments on demand without
reference to the respondent. The guarantees also provided that the
appellant would be the sole judge for deciding whether the respondent had
fulfilled the terms of the contract or not. Disputes arose between the
parties as to the erection and performance of the plant. The seller
approached the civil court seeking injunction restraining the purchaser
from invoking the bank guarantee. The High Court, proceeding on the
basis that the injunction was sought not against the bank but against the
appellant, restrained the appellant from invoking the bank guarantee. The
Supreme Court after elaborate consideration of the matter held:
Insofar as the judgments relied upon by Mr. Chandhiok, are
concerned, insofar as the judgment in Hindustan Construction Co. Ltd
vs. State of Bihar(supra), the same is in the peculiar facts of that case
keeping in view the terms of guarantee as noted by the Supreme Court in
paras 12 and 13 of the judgment and would be of no help to the petitioner.