In support of this contention, the case of
Vashit Narain Sharma vs. Dev Chandra and others [(1995) 1
SCR 509] of this Court was cited. This contention was
rejected saying that in the present case the petitioner has
adduced satisfactory and positive evidence to show that the
wasted votes polled by Nikka Ram would in substantial
majority have been polled otherwise by the petitioner. So
the question of finding being speculative or conjectural
does not arise on the facts of this case. Here again, the
High Court was not correct in the light of the evidence
brought on record.
In Vashists case and in
Inayatullah v. Diwanchand Mahajan (15 ELR 210) the
provision was held to prescribe an impossible burden. The
law has however remained as before. We are bound by the
rulings of this Court and must say that the burden has not
been successfully discharged.
[emphasis supplied]
This Court in Shiv Charan Singh vs. Chandra Bhan
Singh [(1988) 2 SCC 12], after referring to Vashit Narain
case (supra) and Chhedi Ram vs. Jhilmit Ram [(1984) 2 SCC
281], dealing with an election petition filed on the ground
under Section 100(1)(d)(i) itself, has clearly stated that
the burden of strict proof is on election petitioner; it is
not permissible to act on conjectures and surmises; mere
fact that number of votes polled by a candidate, whose
nomination was improperly accepted, was greater than the
margin of votes polled by the returned candidate and the
candidate securing the next highest number of votes not by
itself was conclusive proof of the material effect on the
election of the returned candidate. Paras 10 and 11 of the
judgment read thus: -
In Uma Bhallav Rath (Smt.) vs. Maheshwar Mohanty
(Smt.) and others [(1999) 3 SCC 357], this Court has taken a
view that election of a returned candidate cannot be set
aside on presumptions, surmises or conjectures. There
must be clear and cogent proof in support of the
allegations. Applying the principles stated and law laid
down by this Court in the aforementioned decisions and in
the facts and circumstances of the case having regard to the
evidence placed on record we have no hesitation in reaching
the conclusion that the High Court committed a manifest
error in concluding that the result of the election of the
appellant had been materially affected on account of
improper acceptance of the nomination paper of Nikka Ram.
No doubt, in appeal court will be slow in disturbing a
finding of fact recorded by the trial court based on proper
appreciation of evidence but it is also the duty of the
appellate court to disturb it if the burden of proof is not
discharged by cogent, positive and acceptable evidence in
the light of law laid down by this Court. More so when
there is non consideration of material evidence and
appreciation of evidence is not objective and one sided.
This Court in a recent judgment in the case of State
of Haryana and others vs. S.K.Singhal [(1999) 4 SCC 293],
after referring to few earlier decisions of this Court
touching the very point in controversy in para 13 of the
judgment has held thus :-
This Court in B.J. Shelat vs. State of Gujarat &
Ors. [ (1978) 2 SCC 201 ] while dealing with a case of
voluntary retirement, referring to Bombay Civil Service
Rules, Rule 161(2)(ii) proviso and Rule 56(k) of the
Fundamental Rules, in similar situation, held that a
positive action by the appointing authority was required and
it was open to the appointing authority to withhold
permission indicating the same and communicating its
intention to the Government Servant withholding permission
for voluntary retirement and that no action can be taken
once the Government servant has effectively retired. Paras
9 and 10 of the said judgment read thus :