Exception of Article 15. This exception was added by the 93rd Constitutional Amendment. This clause was added as a result of a Judgment ... unaided private colleges, including professional colleges. The validity of this act and 93rd Constitutional Amendment was challenged in Ashok Kumar Thakur v. Union of India
aspirations. Article 31(A) was added as part of the 42nd Constitutional Amendment which states that in case of any property acquired by the government ... government took control of a ‘religious’ enterprise, the Constitutional validity of the Act was challenged on 4 grounds. One of the grounds was that
would lead to multiplicity of proceedings as cases relating to the validity of a State law which could be disposed of by the Supreme Court ... Judges in every case wherein the constitutional validity of a law is involved, however unsubstantial the challenge might be, results in valuable judicial time being
placed under Ninth Schedule after April 24, 1973 shall be open to challenge in court if they violated fundamental rights guaranteed under Article ... that if the constitutional validity of any law under the ninth schedule has been upheld before, in future it cannot be challenged again
himself the functions of the Government of a State if the constitutional machinery in any State fails and the Government in the State cannot ... articles clearly not justiciable. However, as the validity of the Proclamation issued under article 352 has been challenged in several proceedings and as litigation
challenged in a case brought by a petitioner whose land was subject to seizure under Kerala's Land Reforms. The petitioner also questioned the validity ... 24th and 25th Constitutional Amendments, which they claimed impacted their fundamental rights. This case led to the development of the idea of the fundamental structure
