Section 499 in The Indian Penal Code, 1860
499. Defamation.—
Whoever, by words either spoken or intended to be read, or by signs ... hereinafter expected, to defame that person. Explanation 1.— It may amount to defamation to impute anything to a deceased person, if the imputation would harm
upon the
constitutional validity of Sections 499 and 500 of the Indian Penal
Code, 1860 (for short, ‘ IPC ’) and Sections ... with clause (2)
thereof on Sections 499 and 500 of the Indian Penal Code.
That may have to await a proper case
take
cognizance of an offence punishable under Chapter XXI of the
Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860) except upon a complaint made by
some person ... this Code, when
any offence falling under Chapter XXI of the Indian Penal Code
(45 of 1860) is alleged to have been committed against
Indian Penal Code. The preamble shows that the object of the Legislature was to provide a general Penal Code for British India. Section 1 provides ... Indian Law Commissioners who prepared the draft of the Indian Penal Code took as their motto a statement which was drawn up by Macaulay
another example of reading down the restrictions (in
the form of defamation) on the right to free speech under
Article 19(2) , in its application ... demonstrated by providing in a table,
the provisions of the Indian Penal Code that make some speech or
expression a punishable offence, thereby impeding
offences Under Section s 500,501 and 120-B of the Indian Penal Code (' IPC , for short), before the Additional Chief Judicial ... take cognizance of an offence punishable under Chapter XXI of the Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860) except upon a complaint made by some persons
whole as also the Indian societal set-up based on pristine principles, attract penal provisions of the Indian Penal Code and the special enactment ... necessary to set out briefly the relevant provisions of the Indian Penal Code and the Act under which the learned Magistrates have taken cognizance
Code, when any
offence falling under Chapter XXI of the Indian Penal Code other
than the offence of defamation by spoken words is alleged ... take cognizance of an offence
punishable under Chapter XXI of the Indian Penal
Code (45 of 1860), except upon a complaint made by
some person
petitioner has been summoned for commission of
offence under Section 500 Indian Penal Code, 1860 ( IPC ).
Signature Not Verified CRL.M.C.1394 ... Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 (the old Code) which
are parimateria with the provisions of Section 199 CrPC (the new
Code)."
30. Reference
Rohini Courts under Section
500 read with Section 34 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (hereinafter
referred to as " IPC "), along ... liable for committing such offences in certain
circumstances.....
9. In the penal code also there is no provision which makes a
company or an association
