Indian Contract Act, 1872
197. Ratification may be expressed or implied.—
Ratification may be expressed or may be implied in the conduct of the person ... sells them to C on his own account; B's conduct implies a ratification of the purchase made for him by A. (b) A, without
Volume II, on the aspect of 'implied ratification' it was stated:
Ratification can be implied from any act which reflects the conscious adoption ... even on behalf of there which cannot be taken as implied ratification. The evidence of DW-2 is of some importance in this context
ratification. Thus, according to the learned counsel, a clear case
of implied ratification under Section 199 of the Indian Contract
Act has been made ... expressly or impliedly
ratified her mother relinquishing their share over the plaint schedule
property.
19. To make out a case for implied ratification, the learned
case that there was any express ratification, but it was urged that ratification should be implied from plaintiff's letters and conduct after ... shares had been purchased. Now ratification implies an intention to ratify on the part of the principal; and any act of his can be relied
passing a specific Board Resolution. Further, there is not
even implied ratification as Sanjiv Agrawal (PW-1) was the sole
Signature Not Verified
Digitally Signed ... other officer was
produced as a witness, to even establish implied ratification of his
action of instituting the suit.
40. Furthermore, the High Court
Section 197 deals with ratification, which
again may be express or implied. Ratification may be
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expressed or may be implied in the conduct ... Therefore,
unless such act is repudiated by the principal, there is
implied ratification. There could be an express
ratification by executing the same after
Section 197 deals with ratification, which
again may be express or implied. Ratification may be
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expressed or may be implied in the conduct ... Therefore,
unless such act is repudiated by the principal, there is
implied ratification. There could be an express
ratification by executing the same after
within a
reasonable time, it must be presumed that there was implied ratification.
25.Relying upon the aforesaid judgments, the learned counsel ... implied. Section 187 of the
Contract Act defines express or implied authority. The said provisions reads
as follows:-
"187. Definitions of express and implied
been
performed by his authority.
Section197 . Ratification may be expressed or implied.-
Ratification may be expressed or may be implied in the conduct ... consideration, with such knowledge, clearly attracts the
principle of implied ratification as contemplated under Sections 196 and 197
of the Indian Contract
order regularizing the services of all workers
employed therein would necessarily imply ratification of appointments given
outside the Constitutional scheme. We, therefore, direct the Respondents
