also by Article 16(4)1 is benign, or protective discrimination by which women and backward classes are helped towards equality. Remedial and welfare provisions
rights to his best advantage to achieve excellence, subject to protective discrimination. The best advantage of one person could be the worst disadvantage to another
well settled that the Acts providing protective discrimination of
women are constitutionally valid and have been upheld on the touchstone of
Article
concept. It takes within its sweep every process of equalisation and protective discrimination. In a hierarchical society with an infelible feudal stamp and incurable actual
under:
"88. I wish to add that the doctrine of protective
discrimination embodied in Article 15(4) and 16(4)
and the mandate
operates against the very candidates for
whom the protective discrimination is devised. The
intention of Circular No . 20 is to give full benefit of
reservation
equality has to be maintained
amongst equals. The entire concept of protective discrimination is based on
this. There is no equality between transporters supplying services
equality has to be maintained
amongst equals. The entire concept of protective discrimination is based on
this. There is no equality between transporters supplying services
equality has to be maintained
amongst equals. The entire concept of protective discrimination is based on
this. There is no equality between transporters supplying services
legislative and other measures designed to
protect or advance persons, or categories of persons, disadvantaged by unfair
discrimination may be taken. Constitution of the Republic ... chairpersons in Panchayats and Municipalities are
reserved as a measure of protective discrimination, so as to enable the
weaker sections to assert their voice against