benefit by the status.
(b) Notwithstanding the previous clauses, sovereign functions, strictly understood (alone) qualify for exemption, not the welfare activities or economic adventures undertaken ... sovereign functions of the State cannot be included although what such functions are has been aptly termed 'the primary and inalienable functions
Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 as the State was merely performing its sovereign function as distinguished from a commercial adventure.
3. The Division Bench consisting ... famine, earthquake, epidemic, flood, scarcity, etc.) is not discharge of a sovereign function or inalienable duty of the State, yet, whether relief undertakings would
Panchayat. Since these relief works were stated in discharge of the sovereign function of the State, the respondents contend that such works cannot be termed ... Government and executed by the District Panchayat in discharge of the sovereign function of the State cannot, therefor, come within the meaning of 'industry
other country or countries; (c) any enterprise which performs a sovereign function on behalf of the Central Government or a State Government: Provided that ... engaged in any activity including the activity relatable to the sovereign functions of the Government, the Central Government may grant exemption only in respect
sued for damages or compensation as maintenance of jails is a sovereign function of the State. In such a case the plaintiffs have to seek ... damages/compensation, since guarding of jails is a sovereign function of State. It was also held that the suit was barred by limitation. Accordingly
very wide ramification but essentially sovereign functions are primary inalienable functions which only State could exercise. Thus, various functions of the State, may be ramifications ... external security, grant of pardon. So, the dichotomy between sovereign and non-sovereign function could be found by finding which of the functions
nature of functional is sovereign functions in the sense the functions which are primary and inalienable functions of the State, they are necessarily excluded from ... same is that the dichotomy of sovereign, and non-sovereign function does not really exist, it would all depend on the nature of the power
workmen by definition may not benefit by the status.
(b) Sovereign functions strictly understood alone qualify for exemption, not the welfare activities or economic adventures ... undertaken by Government or statutory bodies.
(c) Even in departments discharging sovereign functions, if there are units which are industries and they are substatially severable
case law on the question as to
what constitutes „sovereign‟ or „non-sovereign‟ function, it
appears that the courts have taken a very narrow view ... external security, grant of pardon.
So, the dichotomy between sovereign and non-sovereign
function could be found by finding which of the functions
called sovereign powers did not constitute them sovereign"*, we are of the considered, view that the petitioner cannot be treated as sovereign. We find ... functions of the Haryana Urban Development Authority can easily be termed the functions of any coloniser and to describe the same as sovereign functions would
