Pecuniary Bias
(ii) Personal Bias and
(iii) Official Bias.
7. We are primarily concerned with personal and official bias. Bias
may also occur ... Courts have evolved the principles governing bias i.e., real
likelihood of bias test and reasonable suspicion test. For the real
likelihood of bias test
August, 2008.
In deciding a case of bias, it is very difficult to establish actual bias. Bias
is not a galloping horse running down ... real likelihood of bias
has now taken a tilt of 'real danger of bias' and 'suspicion of bias
hearing the case?
(paras 40 to 52)
V. Reasonable apprehension of bias - tests (paras 53 to 72)
VI. Consideration of the applications on merits
(para ... Judge tested in the light
of either on the principle of "real danger" or "reasonable
apprehension" of bias.
25.3. The Pinochet
bias. But the courts, for this reason, cannot be said to be in a crippled state. There are may ways to discover bias; for example ... facts and circumstances of the case or applying the tests of "real likelihood of bias" or "reasonable suspicion of bias
Pecuniary Bias
(ii) Personal Bias and
(iii) Official Bias.
7. We are primarily concerned with personal and official bias. Bias may also occur ... Courts have evolved the principles governing bias i.e., real likelihood of bias test and reasonable suspicion test. For the real likelihood of bias test
bias even if such bias was not in fact the
direct cause. It was held there, a real likelihood of bias means at
least substantial ... real likelihood of bias or
reasonable apprehension of bias. Recently, the court has used the
real danger of bias test. However, the above discussion shows
U.S. Verma, Principal, D.P.S. ... vs National Commission For Women & Ors. on
consider the question, what then is the test of bias? Where the bias is pecuniary bias, slightest interest of the
adjudicator in the subject-matter ... bias - personal bias which is also termed by Garner () as 'appearance of bias'. For this category of bias the test laid down
petitioner has apparently no genuine bonafide case of bias against the
learned ASCJ. A case of bias is being sought to be built up merely ... bias:
―A predisposition to decide for or against one party, without proper
regard to the true merits of the dispute is bias. The test
terms:
"48 Bias must be shown to be present. Probability of bias,
possibility of bias and reasonable suspicion that bias might have
affected ... suspicion of bias and
likelihood of bias. Likelihood of bias would be the possibility of
bias and bias which can be shown to be present
