determined. And there can be no ratification by a person who at the time of ratification could not have done the act himself even though ... acting on behalf of Government, could, without precedent authority or subsequent ratification, validly lease the minor's property in perpetuity has not been shown
payments within the meaning of the section.
(3) There was a valid ratification by Jaya Rao of the payments made by the fourth defendant ... remaining question is whether there has been a valid' ratification by Jaya Rao of the payments made by the fourth defendant. When the payment
payments within the meaning of the Section (3). There was a valid ratification by Jaya Rao of the payments made by defendant 4. Mr. Muthukrishna ... Limitation Act. The remaining question is whether there has been a valid ratification by Jaya Rao of the payments made by defendant 4. When
substance being by an unauthorised person is not rendered valid except upon ratification. Here in the present case, though the sale dated Sept ... plots because original transfer being void it could not be validated by the ratification. ( Narendra Nath v. Hrishikesh , AIR 1919 Cal 875). Necessarily the plaintiffs
void ab initio and that it can well be validated by ratification. The Reference is made at the instance or the Commissioner of Agricultural Income ... ward's property by the natural guardian is validated by such ratification, see Amarchandra Chakravarty v. Saradamoyee Devi . The observations in Gunduchi Sahu
subsequently adopted or ratified by the principal which has the effect of validating it from its inception. The idea of agency in relation ... answer to the second question is that there can be no valid ratification and therefore there can be no estoppel on account of any such
they had been performed
by his authority.
197. Ratification may be expressed or implied.--
Ratification may be expressed or may be implied in
the conduct ... whose behalf the acts
are done.
198. Knowledge requisite for valid ratification. --No
valid ratification can be made by a person whose
knowledge
sale of immovable property belonging to a Marumakkathayam tarwad would be valid only if it is supported by (i) consideration, (ii) tarwad necessity ... previously obtained. I also do not think that a subsequent ratification can validate a transaction which was void at its inception.''
Narayana Iyer
which arises for decision is whether he was competent to make a valid gift to the first plaintiff.
7. Mr. M. V. Paranjpe who appears ... considered as a validating circumstance, that is a circumstance which would validate what was otherwise invalid at the inception. Ratification or acquiescence meant that
other members of the. family and where such necessity exists, it is valid in its entirety.
9. In Subba Goundan and Anr. v. Krishnamachari ... outset, it is still open to the other coparceners to validate it by their ratification if they are competent to do so.
We may, with
