ratification" which was not taken
note of by the High Court.
29. The expression "ratification" means "the
making valid ... subsequently
'rectified' by ratification of the competent
authority. Ratification by definition means the
making valid of an act already done. The
principle
explained the expression "ratification" as
under:-
"29. The expression "ratification" means
"the making valid of an act already done ... From the aforesaid, it is clear that ratifies / ratification
means making valid of an act already done. Thus, even
though the Company utilized the proceeds
could not be subsequently
“rectified” by ratification of the competent authority.
Ratification by definition means the making valid of an act
already done. The principle ... could not be subsequently
‘rectified’ by ratification of the competent authority.
Ratification by definition means the making valid of an act
already done. The principle
previously
authorised it. Ratification can be express
or implied from conduct, and it will be held
adopted throughout.
XXX XXX XXX
Ratification differs from consent ... Contract Act. It
reads as under:
“198. Knowledge requisite for valid
ratification
“No valid ratification can be made by a
person whose knowledge
acts
are done. Section 198 and 199 provide that no
valid ratification can be made by a person whose
knowledge of the facts ... that at
the time of the alleged ratification his co-
partners knew of those acts and the ratification
must be of the whole
could not be
subsequently “rectified” by ratification of the competent
authority. Ratification by definition means the making
valid of an act already done. The principle ... could not be
subsequently ‘rectified’ by ratification of the competent
authority. Ratification by definition means the making
valid of an act already done. The principle
they had been performed
by his authority.
197. Ratification may be expressed or implied.--
Ratification may be expressed or may be implied in
the conduct ... whose behalf the acts
are done.
198. Knowledge requisite for valid ratification. --No
valid ratification can be made by a person whose
knowledge
upon for the
collateral purpose of establishing possession.
The ratification cum confirmation deed was a
valid document executed by the land owners. In
this regard ... name of purchasers from the society
unless the transaction of ratification deed was
valid and genuine. He also submitted that in
O.S.17094/2004
subsequently "rectified" by ratification of the
competent authority. Ratification by definition means
the making valid of an act already done.
The principle ... ratification of an act is equivalent to a prior
authority to perform such act." Therefore, ratification
assumes an invlaid act which is retrospectively
validated
subsequently "rectified" by ratification of the
competent authority. Ratification by definition means
the making valid of an act already done.
The principle ... ratification of an act is equivalent to a prior
authority to perform such act." Therefore, ratification
assumes an invlaid act which is retrospectively
validated
