ratification of Ext. B-5 by the first respondent can arise on the basis of Ext. B-3. Even if there was any ratification ... respondent. Section 198 of the Contract Act says that "no valid ratification can be made by a person whose knowledge of the facts
36983/2017 on
14.11.2017 is valid even if the ratification on 15.11.2017 is
eschewed. The nomination is quite distinct from election
and the omission ... approves
the ratification by the seven Hindu members among the
Council of Ministers on 14.11.2017. The contention that
ratification does not validate nomination since
Chairman of the disciplinary sub-committee is valid and whether by the
mere ratification of such actions by the Managing Committee ... continuous period
exceeding one year could not be validated by a ratification of that
action subsequently by the Registrar as statutorily it is possible only
sale of immovable property belonging to a Marumakkathayam tarwad would be valid only if it is supported by (i) consideration, (ii) tarwad necessity ... previously obtained. I also do not think that a subsequent ratification can validate a transaction which was void at its inception.''
Narayana Iyer
The High Court Of Kerala vs K.A.Augustine on 23 August, 2013
Author: Antony
subsequently "rectified" by ratification of the
competent authority. Ratification by definition means
the making valid of an act already done. The principle ... ratification of an
act is equivalent to a prior authority to perform such
act". Therefore ratification assumes an invalid act which
is retrospectively validated
Court has
observed thus:
"Ratification by the District Education
Officer at a later point of time cannot
validate the proceedings of the selection
committee ... decision of the Administrative Tribunal on
principle that the subsequent ratification
constituted valid selection". (emphasis
supplied)
22. In the instant case, the list prepared
subsequently "rectified" by ratification of the
competent authority. Ratification by definition means the making
valid of an act already done. The principle ... ratification of an act is equivalent to a prior authority to perform such
act." Therefore, ratification assumes an invalid act which is
retrospectively validated
Bench of the Apex Court held
that, 'ratification' by definition means the making valid of an act
already done. The principle is derived ... ratification of an act is equivalent to a prior
authority to perform such act. Therefore, ratification assumes an
invalid act which is retrospectively validated
Indian Contract Act deal with ratification. Section 197
provides that ratification may be expressed or implied in the
conduct of the person on whose behalf ... would not amount to
ratification. But when there is a long silence after the transaction
with respect to which ratification is claimed
