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[Cites 21, Cited by 0]

Jharkhand High Court

Nilai Educational Trust Through Its ... vs All India Council For Technical ... on 1 October, 2015

Equivalent citations: AIR 2016 (NOC) 239 (JHAR.), 2016 (1) AJR 78, (2016) 1 JCR 373 (JHA), (2016) 1 JLJR 293

                                             1

                IN THE HIGH COURT OF JHARKHAND AT RANCHI
                             W. P. (C) No. 1545 of 2015
                                          ­­­­­­­
            Nilai Educational Trust, a Trust Registered under the Indian Trust 
            Registration Act through its President Bhim Munda, son of Late 
            Shiv   Charan   Munda,   resident   of   opposite   Nath   Hospital,   Main 
            Road, Kadru, P.O.­ Kadru, P.S.­ Argora, District­ Ranchi
                                                         ...       ... Petitioner
                                     Versus

           1. All India Council for Technical Education, a Statutory Body of 
           the Government of India having its office at 7th Floor, Chandralok 
           Building,  Janpath, New Delhi, P.O. & P.S.­ Janpath, District­New 
           Delhi
           2. Chairman, All India Council for Technical Education, 7th Floor, 
           Chandralok  Building, Janpath, New Delhi­  P.O. &. P.S.­  Janpath, 
           District­ New Delhi
           3. Principal Secretary, All India Council for Technical Education, 
           7th Floor, Chandralok Building, Janpath, New Delhi­ P.O. & P.S.­ 
           Janpath, District­ New Delhi
           4. State of Jharkhand through Secretary, Department of Science & 
           Technology, Government of Jharkhand, Ranchi...  Respondents 
                                          ­­­­­­­
        CORAM: HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE SHREE CHANDRASHEKHAR
                                          ­­­­­­­
           For the Petitioner      : Mr. Jitendra Singh, Sr. Advocate
                                     Mrs. Ritu Kumar, Advocate
                                     Mr. Piyush Lall, Advocate
                                     Mr. Vikash Kumar, Advocate
                                     Mr. S.B. Deo, Advocate
           For Respondent­State : Mr. Ajit Kumar, AAG
                                     Ms. Soumya S. Pandey, J.C. to AAG
           For Respondent­AICTE : Mr. J.P. Gupta, Advocate
                                     Mr. Ashutosh Anand, Advocate
           For the Intervenor      : Mr. Amit Anand Tiwari, Advocate
                                     Mr. Mritunjay Kumar Singh, Advocate
                                        ­­­­­­­

 CAV on:    11.09.2015                             Pronounced on : 01.10.2015
 Per SHREE CHANDRASHEKHAR, J.

                         The   petitioner­Nilai   Educational   Trust   was   granted 
            approval on 13.07.2010 for establishing Nilai Educational Trust's 
            Group   of   Institutes   for   running   Engineering   and   Management 
            courses. The petitioner is aggrieved by letters dated 07.04.2015 
            and   14.04.2015   whereby,   approval   dated   13.07.2010   has   been 
            withdrawn. 
                                   2

2.           The   brief   facts   of   the   case   are   that,   M/s   Dreams 
Consultant Pvt. Ltd. was incorporated on 19.03.2003 under the 
Companies   Act,   1956   with   the   objective   to   set­up   technical 
educational   institute   in   the   State   of   Jharkhand.     The   Company 
approached Housing and Urban Development Corporation Limited 
(HUDCO) for grant of loan for construction of Nilai International 
College   at   Burmu,   Ranchi.   The   estimated   project   cost   was 
Rs.39.96 crores for which, loan agreement dated 05.11.2007 for 
Rs.25 crores was executed between M/s. Dreams Consultant Pvt. 
Ltd.   and   HUDCO.     The   Company   mortgaged   11.985   acres   land 
with HUDCO as security against the above loan by depositing title 
deeds of the land.   However, the franchise for Nilai International 
University could not be obtained and, subsequently with a view to 
seek approval of All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) 
for establishing Nilai Educational Trust's Group of Institutes, Nilai 
Educational Trust was formed under the Indian Trust Act, 1882 on 
04.09.2008

.   M/s   Dream   Merchants   Consultant   Pvt.   Ltd. 

transferred   7   acres   and   79½  decimals   land   situated   at  village­Dandi,   Burmu   to   Nilai   Educational   Trust   through  sale­deed dated 22.12.2008.  However, in view of objection raised  by HUDCO, vide deed of cancellation dated 25.05.2009 the said  sale­deed   executed   in   favour   of   Nilai   Educational   Trust   was  cancelled.   On  21.01.2010, the Nilai Educational Trust submitted  affidavit   in   prescribed   format   for   grant   of   affiliation   for  establishing an integrated campus for running various Engineering  and Management courses.  The AICTE team made inspections and  considering inspection reports dated 21.05.2010 and 21.06.2010,  AICTE   granted   approval   on   13.07.2010   for   running   various  courses with intake of 300 students. In the   meantime, HUDCO  stopped further disbursement of loan and, on 30.08.2009 declared  the loan account as NPA. Though, the re­payment of loan was to  begin from 31.08.2009 HUDCO filed O.A. No. 121 of 2010 before  Debts Recovery Tribunal, Ranchi for recovery of the loan amount. 

3

For   the   academic  sessions between  2011 to 2015, the  approval  granted to  the  Nilai Educational Trust's Group of Institutes was  renewed by AICTE. On 08.08.2014 HUDCO sent a letter to AICTE  regarding   sale­deed   dated   22.12.2008   and   deed   of   cancellation  dated 25.05.2009 and, the AICTE issued show­cause notice dated  23.09.2014 to the petitioner on the allegation of furnishing false  affidavit   and   sought   explanation   with   respect   to   the   aforesaid sale­deed and the deed of cancellation. The petitioner submitted  its   reply   on   07.10.2014   however,   vide   order   dated   07.04.2015,  AICTE refused to grant extension of approval to the petitioner's  Institute,   which   was   challenged   by   filing   writ   petition   on  15.04.2015. On 14.04.2015, approval to the petitioner's Institute  was completely withdrawn by AICTE and therefore, an application  seeking permission to challenge order dated 14.04.2015 was filed  vide,   I.A.   No.   3285   of   2015.   The   said   application   was   allowed  vide, order dated 16.07.2015.     

3. Heard the learned counsel for the parties.

4. Mr. Jitendra Singh, the learned Senior Counsel for the  petitioner has raised three­fold contentions namely, (i) impugned  order dated 14.04.2015 is not an order by the Council constituted  under   Section   3   of   the   AICTE   Act,   and   therefore,   it   is   without  jurisdiction, (ii) order dated 14.04.2015 has been passed without  affording an opportunity of hearing to the petitioner and thus, it  has been passed in gross violation of the rules of natural justice  and,   (iii)   the   role   of   AICTE   is   supervisory   and   acting   on   the  communication   from  HUDCO, AICTE  cannot   withdraw  approval  dated 13.07.2010.   Per contra, Mr. Ashutosh Anand, the learned  counsel for the AICTE submitted that possession of land with clear  title is a pre­condition for grant of approval. The petitioner was  not possessing 4.5 acres land for Integrated Campus for running  Engineering and Management courses as required under the All  India   Council   for   Technical   Education   (Grant   of   Approvals   for  Technical   Institutions),   Regulations,   2010   however,   it   submitted  4 an affidavit asserting that it possessed 11.985 acres land and thus,  made a false statement for obtaining AICTE approval for running  various courses.  It is submitted that the petitioner is bound by its  own affidavit whereunder, it has undertaken to abide by decision  of   the   AICTE   including,   withdrawal   of   approval.   It   is   further  submitted   that   even   if   the   plea   taken   by   the   petitioner   that   it  possesses more than 2.52 acres land is accepted as true, it cannot  be   pleaded   as   a   ground   to   re­validate   approval   granted   by   the  AICTE on 13.07.2010.  Denying the allegation of violation of rules  of natural justice, it is contended that the petitioner was granted  personal   hearing   before   the   Standing   Appellate   Committee  and  thus,   it   cannot   plead  ignorance   of  nature  of  allegation  and the  consequences thereof.  

5. I   have   carefully   considered   the   submissions   of   the  learned   counsel   for   the   parties   and   perused   the   documents   on  record. Before dealing with the rival contentions raised on behalf  of   the   parties,   some   of   the   relevant   provisions   in   the   All   India  Council for Technical Education (Grant of Approvals for Technical  Institutions) Regulations, 2010, may usefully be noticed.

All India Council for Technical Education (Grant of   Approvals   for   Technical   Institutions)   Regulations,   2010 Clause 2.8 "Council"   means  All   India   Council   for   Technical Education established under section 3 of the Act;

Clause   4.1(a)  "Establishing   a   new   technical   institution, establishing an integrated campus."

Clause 4.3   "The Council shall publish, from time   to   time,   Approval   Process   Hand   Book,   detailing   the   procedure   to   process   the   applications   of   institutions   and/or promoters."

Clause 4.11  "The Scrutiny Committee shall invite   applicants,   who   submitted   the   application   under sub­clause (a), (b) and (c) of clause 4.1 for presentation   of   their   proposals   along   with   originals   of   all   scanned   5 documents and a video CD of all facilities created for new   Institutions   as   the   case   may   be.   As   regards   the   other   applications listed at 4.1 and 4.2 the Scrutiny Committee   will   process   the   proposals   based   on   the   information/documents provided by the applicant."

Clause 4.20  "Further, based on the decision of the   Executive   Committee,   Letter   of   Approval   for   specified   period or rejection letter shall be issued by the designated   authority of the AICTE."

Clause   4.22  "The   applications   received   under   clause 4.1 and 4.2 of these Regulations will be processed   as per the procedures prescribed in the Approval Process   Hand Book as notified by the Council from time to time."

6. The   Preamble   to   the   All   India   Council   for   Technical  Education   Act,   1987   discloses   that   the   Act   is   intended   at  conferring powers to the All India Council for Technical Education  to ensure; (i) proper planning and co­ordinated development of  the   technical   education   system   through   out   the   country,

(ii) promotion of qualitative improvements of technical education  in relation to   planned qualitative growth and, (iii) regulation of  the   system   and   proper   maintenance   of   norms   and   standards.  Section   10   deals   with   functions   of   the   Council.   One   of   the  functions   of   the   All   India   Council  for   Technical   Education   is   to  grant   approval   for   starting   new   technical   institutes   and   for  introduction of new courses or programmes in consultation with  the   agencies   concerned.   Section   23   confers   power   upon   the  Council to make regulations. In exercise of its powers conferred  under Section 23(1) read with Section 10 and Section 11 of the  All India Council for Technical Education Act, 1987, the Council  has framed "All India Council for Technical Education (Grant of  Approvals of Technical Institutions) Regulations, 2010". Referring  to   definition   under   Section   2(b)   of   AICTE   Act,   1987   and Clause 2.8 of 2010 Regulations, the learned Senior Counsel for the  petitioner contended that the impugned order dated 14.04.2015 is  without jurisdiction in as much as, the said order has been issued  6 under the signature of Advisor­II, Approval Bureau. It is submitted  that the Council is established under Section 3 and Section 3(4)  provides constitution of the Council which includes 27 members  besides,   the   Chairman  and Vice­Chairman. The   impugned  order  dated   14.04.2015   does   not   refer   to   a   decision   by   the   Council  constituted  under Section 3 of the Act and therefore, the order  dated 14.04.2015 withdrawing approval to Nilai Educational Trust  Group of Institutions is without jurisdiction. 

7. It   is   not   in   dispute   that   the   Council   has   constituted  several   committees   including,   the   Scrutiny   Committee,   Hearing  Committee,   Executive   Committee,   Appraisal   Committee,   Expert  Committee,   EC   sub­Committee,   Standing   Appellate   Committee  etc. for proper and effective functioning of the Council at different  levels.   The   proposal   for   grant   of   approval   submitted   by   Nilai  Educational Trust was examined by Scrutiny Committee and, on  the   recommendations   of   Regional   Committee   and   Executive  Committee,   approval   was   granted   by   AICTE.   After   a   complaint  was received from HUDCO, a show­cause notice dated 23.09.2014  was issued to the petitioner by the Scrutiny Committee and the  complaint   dated   08.08.2014   of   HUDCO   was   placed   before   the  Standing Complaint Scrutiny Committee. The petitioner's reply to  the   show­cause   notice,   search   report,   report   of   Sub­Divisional  Magistrate   etc.   were   placed   before   the   Standing   Appellate  Committee which recommended complete withdrawal of approval  and   accordingly,   impugned   letter   dated   14.04.2015   was   issued  under  the   signature  of  Advisor ­II,  Approval  Bureau. The  letter  dated 14.04.2015 records that the decision to withdraw approval  granted   to   the   institute   has     the   approval   of   the   competent  authority. It is evident that in view of large number of technical  institutes different Committees have been constituted and, on the  recommendation of the Committees, a final decision is taken by  the competent authority. The contention that every decision of the  Council   must   be   taken   by   all   the   members   constituting   the  7 Council under Section 3 or atleast by a majority of the members  cannot be accepted for the reason that such a construction would  surely   defeat   the   very   object   for   constituting   different  Committees. In fact, letter of approval dated 13.07.2010 was also  issued by the Member­Secretary, AICTE.

8. Assailing the show­cause notice  dated  23.09.2014  as  vague   and   alleging   breach   of   the   rules   of   natural   justice,   the  learned   Senior   Counsel   for   the   petitioner   submitted   that   the show­cause   notice   does   not   disclose   the   proposed   action   to   be  taken by the Council. The impugned order dated 14.04.2015 is  founded  on  the  ground that  the  petitioner intended to defraud  however,   no   such   allegation   was   revealed   in   the   show­cause  notice.   It   is   thus   submitted   that   the   impugned   order   dated  14.04.2015   travels   beyond   the   show­cause   notice.   It   is   further  contended that the decision of the Standing Appellate Committee  was not conveyed to the petitioner and thus, the petitioner had no  opportunity   to   meet   the   adverse   findings   recorded   by   the  Standing Appellate Committee. Had the recommendation of the  Standing   Appellate   Committee   been   made   known   to   the  petitioner,   the   petitioner   could   have   demonstrated   that   the  constitution   of  M/s Dreams Consultant  Private Limited and the  Nilai Educational Trust is identical and comprises only the family  members. It could have also been demonstrated by the petitioner  that as per 2012 Regulations, only 2.5 acres land is required for  establishing institute for Engineering courses and the petitioner is  in   fact,   in   possession   of   unencumbered   2.52½  acres   land.  Referring   to   the   decision   in  "Gorkha   Security   Services   Vs.   Government (NCT of Delhi) & Ors.", reported in (2014) 9 SCC 105,  the learned Senior Counsel for the petitioner submitted that the  fundamental purpose behind the serving of show­cause notice is  to make   the  noticee understand the precise  case set­up against  him which he has to meet. The notice should also indicate the  proposed action which may be taken if the breach complained of  8 is   not   satisfactorily   explained.   It   is   contended   that   complete  withdrawal of approval as a penalty for the alleged breach was  not   indicated   in   the   show­cause   noticed   dated  23.09.2014  and  therefore,   on   this   ground   alone   the   impugned   order   dated  14.04.2015   is   liable   to   be   quashed.  Referring   to   averments   in  paragraph nos. 50, 56 and 58 of the amended writ petition, the  learned   Senior   Counsel   for   the   petitioner   contended   that   the  specific stand taken by the petitioner that the recommendation of  the Standing Appellate Committee based on a presumption that  the   petitioner­Trust   intended   to   defraud   HUDCO   was   not  specifically put to the petitioner in the show­cause notice dated  23.09.2014,   has   not   been   specifically   denied   by   the respondent­AICTE. Relying on decision in "Tarlochan Dev Sharma   Vs. State of Punjab & Ors.", (2001) 6 SCC 260, the learned Senior  Counsel   for   the   petitioner   contended   that   what   was   not  communicated in the show­cause notice cannot be a ground for  the order withdrawing the approval. The learned Senior Counsel  for the petitioner further submitted that the bonafide intention of  the   petitioner   is   reflected   in   its   conduct   in   proposing   to   offer  additional 2.52½ acres land which is in its possession and which  is the requirement for establishing Engineering courses. Referring  to deficiency report, it is submitted that the petitioner's institutes  have state of the art facilities and the deficiency report discloses  that only 2.50 acres land is required for establishing institute for  running Engineering courses and therefore, on a technical ground  approval granted to the petitioner's institutes could not have been  withdrawn.

9.  In   the   counter­affidavit,   the   respondent­AICTE   has  taken a plea that show­cause notice dated 23.09.2014 was issued  to the petitioner, to which the petitioner submitted its reply on  07.10.2014.   The   Standing   Appellate   Committee   afforded  opportunity of hearing to the petitioner and its Director (Admin)  and   Administrative   Officer   appeared   before   the   Standing  9 Appellate   Committee.   The   respondent­AICTE   has   asserted   that  due opportunity of hearing was thus, given to the petitioner. The  report   produced   before   the   Standing   Appellate   Committee  reproduces the reply submitted by the petitioner. It records the  contention of the Nilai Educational Trust that the land on which  the institute is set­up is owned by Nilai Educational Trust and the  Trust is the owner and in physical possession of the said land. It  appears   that   report   dated   18.09.2014   was   received   from   the  Standing Appellate Scrutiny Committee which recommended for a  search   report   for   the   land   and   accordingly,   report   of   the Sub­Divisional Magistrate was received which was placed before  the  Standing Appellate Committee. In the above facts, the plea  taken by the petitioner that had it been granted opportunity of  hearing before the impugned order dated 14.04.2015 was passed,  it   could   have   demonstrated   that   it   owns   and   possesses 2.52½  acres land  which is more than the requirement under the  2012   Regulations,   is   liable   to   be   rejected.   The   petitioner   was  afforded   personal   hearing   before   the   Standing   Appellate  Committee   and   the   search   report   as   well   as   the   report   of Sub­Divisional Magistrate regarding the land were placed before  the Standing Appellate Committee. Considering the materials on  record,   the   Standing   Appellate   Committee   recommended  withdrawal   of   approval   to   the   petitioner's   institutes.  It   is   well  settled that the application of principles of natural justice cannot  be confined in a straight jacket formula. It has been held by the  Hon'ble Supreme Court that, "it is not only difficult but also not  advisable to spell out any straight jacket formula which can be  applied   universally   to   all   cases   without   variation."   In  "K.L.   Tripathi Vs. State Bank of India & Ors.", reported in (1984) 1 SCC   43, the Hon'ble Supreme Court has held that, "..............there is no  such thing as a merely technical infringement of natural justice.  The requirements of natural justice must depend on the facts and  the circumstances of the case, the nature of the inquiry, the rules  10 under which the tribunal is acting, the subject­matter to be dealt  with,   and   so   forth."  In  "Aligarh   Muslim   University   &   Ors.   Vs.   Mansoor  Ali Khan",  reported in  (2000) 7 SCC 529, the Hon'ble  Supreme Court after taking note of  "K.L. Tripathi"  case observed  that, "since then, this Court has consistently applied the principle  of prejudice in several cases." It was further observed that, "there  can be certain situations in which an order passed in violation of  natural   justice   need   not   be   set­aside   under   Article   226   of   the  Constitution of India. For example, where no prejudice is caused  to   the   person   concerned,   interference   under   Article   226   is   not  necessary."   Thus,   the   person   aggrieved   has   to   show   prejudice  caused   to  him.   The   factum   of   execution   of   sale­deed   dated  22.12.2008   and  its  cancellation  have  not  been  disputed  by   the  petitioner. The impugned order is in terms of Clause 10 and, the  petitioner cannot contend prejudice caused to it. Under the 2010  Approval   Process   Handbook   for   setting   up   institute   for  Engineering courses the applicant must have 4.00 acres land with  clear title and for starting MBA course it must possess 0.50 acres  land. The petitioner claims that in addition to 11.985 acres land  which has been mortgaged to HUDCO, it possesses 2.52½  acres  land   which   fulfills   the   requirement   for   running   Engineering  courses. The same however, cannot cure the initial defect in the  application   dated   21.01.2010   seeking   grant   of   approval.   The  petitioner may apply afresh for grant of approval for Engineering  courses but on the ground that it still possesses 2.52½ acres land,  the approval granted on 13.07.2010 cannot be revalidated.   In so  far as, the contention that the show­cause notice was vague and  the   proposed   action   was   not   indicated   in   the show­cause notice is concerned, in view of Clause 10 of the 2010  Regulations, the petitioner must be deemed to have knowledge of  the   penalty   mentioned   in   Clause   10.   One   of   the   penalties   is  withdrawal   of   approval.   Clause   10   and   Clause   11   of   2010  Regulations read as under:

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Clause   10.    "Withdrawal   of   approval:   If   any   technical institution contravenes any of the provisions of   these   Regulations,   the   Council   may,   after   making   such   inquiry, as it may consider appropriate and after giving   the technical institution concerned as opportunity of being   heard,   withdraw   the   approval   granted   under   these   Regulations." 
Clause 11.  Penalty Clause 11.1  "An institution running any technical   education in violation of these Regulations, shall be liable   for initiation of legal civil action including withdrawal of   approval,   if   any,   and/or   legal   criminal   action   by   the   Council   against   the   institution   and/or   its   promoter   Society/Trust and Individuals associated as the case may   be.
Provided   further   that   if   any   technical   institution   contravenes any of the provisions of these Regulations, the   Council   after   making   such   inquiry   as   it   may   consider   appropriate   and   after   giving   technical   institution   concerned, an opportunity to clarify the matter, may take   any or all actions as specified below and as the case may   be."
10.  It   is   not   in   dispute   that   the   petitioner   submitted  application on 21.01.2010 and it submitted advocate's affidavit on  28.06.2010 stating that it is in possession of 11.985 acres land  whereas,   as   a   matter   of   fact,   it   has   been   found   that   as   on  13.07.2010   the   petitioner   was   not   in   possession   of 4.50   acres  land.   Under   Clause   6,  possession  of  land  with  clear  ownership   title   is   one   of   the   essential   conditions   for   grant   of  approval for establishing a technical institute. Clause 6 reads as  under:
Clause 6.  "Requirement of  Land:  The  promoter   society/trust of a new technical education institution shall   have   the  land   as   required   and   prescribed,   in  its  lawful   possession, with clear title, in the name of the promoter   society/trust   on   or   before   the   date   of   submission   of   application.
Provided,   that   it   shall   be   open   for   the   promoter   society/trust/proposed   institution   to   mortgage   the   land   for   raising   the   resources   for   the   purpose   of   development of the technical education institute situated   on that land."
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11. In  "Gorkha Security Services"  case, it has been noticed  by the Hon'ble Supreme Court that there was no dispute between  the   parties   on   the   proposition   that   it   was   a   mandatory  requirement to give show­cause notice before blacklisting. It was  also   not   disputed   that   the   show­cause   notice   issued   did   not  specifically   indicate   the   proposed   order   of   blacklisting   and,  admittedly, no hearing was afforded to the aggrieved party. In the  above facts, the Hon'ble Supreme Court opined that a show­cause  notice   should   state   the   material   facts   and   the   grounds   which  necessitated   an   action   and   the   proposed   action/penalty   to   be  taken. I find that in the said case, the Hon'ble Supreme Court has  observed   that   even   if   the   aforesaid   two   conditions   are   not  specifically   mentioned   in   the   show­cause   notice   but   if   it   can  clearly and safely discern from the reading thereof that would be  sufficient   to   meeting   the   requirement   of   principles   of   natural  justice.   In   my   opinion,   a   further   opportunity   of   hearing   to   the  petitioner would have been futile in as much as, in the present  proceeding the petitioner has not disclosed a fact  which would  have   materially   affected  the  decision  of   the  Standing  Appellate  Committee.   The   plea   taken   by   the   petitioner   in   its   reply   to show­cause has been duly considered by the Standing Appellate  Committee   and   the   petitioner   was   granted   hearing   by   the  Standing Appellate Committee. Based on the recommendation of  the Standing Appellate Committee, the Council took a decision to  withdraw   approval   granted   to   the   institutes   of   the   petitioner  which was communicated vide letter dated 14.04.2015. 
12. The   learned   Senior   Counsel   for   the   petitioner  submitted   that   the   respondent­AICTE   admits   that   the   Trust   is  more   or   less   a   family   affair   of   which   M/s   Dreams   Consultant  Private Limited is one of the Trustees and therefore, it was merely  a  technical   error   committed  by   M/s  Dreams   Consultant  Private  Limited and, all that should have been done was to transfer the  shares   of   M/s   Dreams   Consultant   Private   Limited   to   Nilai  13 Educational Trust.  The learned Senior Counsel for the petitioner  referred to Section 3 of the Indian Trusts Act and submitted that  Trust   is   an   obligation   and   the   individual   Trustees   have   no  independent interest in the Trust.    I find that in its reply dated  07.10.2014, the petitioner has asserted that, "11.985 acres land  was   inherited   by   Nilai   Educational   Trust   from   M/s   Dreams  Consultant   Private   Limited   through   registered   sale­deed   dated  22.12.2008 however, at the time of purchase of the said land the  Trust was not aware with regard to the loan taken by M/s Dreams  Consultant   Private   Limited   from   HUDCO".   The   plea   raised   on  behalf of the petitioner that the Board of Directors of M/s Dreams  Consultant Private Limited and the Trustees in Nilai Educational  Trust are same may be a fact however, the plea as noticed above,  taken   by   the   petitioner   was   apparently   false.   The   petitioner  asserted that Nilai Educational Trust is the owner of the land and  it is in physical possession of the said land whereas, as a matter of  fact,   sale­deed   dated   22.12.2008   executed   by M/s   Dreams   Consultant   Private   Limited   was   cancelled   on  25.05.2009.   It   is   not   in   dispute   that   on   the   date   when   the  petitioner submitted application for grant of approval, it was not  in   possession   of   the   aforesaid   land.   In   these   facts   whether   the  petitioner intended to defraud HUDCO or not becomes irrelevant. 

The   fact   that   the   petitioner   did   not   fulfill   one   of   the   essential  criteria for grant of approval, is sufficient to reject the challenge  to the impugned order dated 14.04.2015. The petitioner cannot  claim that it was misled because neither the specific allegations  nor   the   proposed   penalty   of   withdrawal   of   recognition   was  specifically put to it. 

13. The learned Senior Counsel for the petitioner referred  to Clause 9 of 2010 Regulations and submitted that the Council  should   have   relaxed   condition   as   to   requirement   of   land   for   a  temporary   period.   Referring   to   application   dated   20.06.2015  submitted by the petitioner to the Deputy Commissioner seeking  14 permission under Section 46 of the Chotanagpur Tenancy Act, the  learned Senior Counsel for the petitioner submitted that once the  necessary approval is granted by the Deputy Commissioner, the  petitioner­Trust   would   have   clear   title   over   2.52½  acres   land  which   is   the   requirement   under   the   present   Regulations   for  establishing   technical   institute  for  running  Engineering  courses.  This contention raised on behalf of the petitioner is liable to be  rejected. Clause 9 of the All India Council for Technical Education  (Grant of Approvals for Technical Institutions) Regulations, 2010  reads as under:

Clause   9   "Power   to   relax:  The   Council   may   in   exceptional   cases,   for   removal   of   any   hardship   or   such   other reasons to be recorded in writing, relax any of the   provisions of these Regulation in respect of any class or   category of institutions." 

14. The aforesaid provision is intended to be exercised in  exceptional cases for removing such hardship which may not be  avoided by a class of institutes immediately. The power to relax  under Clause 9 cannot be exercised in individual cases rather, any  of the provisions of the Regulations can be relaxed only in respect  of a class or a category of institutions. The petitioner­Trust has  breached one of the mandatory conditions for grant of approval  for establishing technical institute. The petitioner­Trust was not in  possession   of   4.5   acres land which was the  requirement  at  the  time when application for grant of approval was made and also as  on   13.07.2010   when   AICTE   granted   approval   to   the petitioner­Trust for establishing Nilai Educational Trust's Group of  Institutes. The power to relax under Clause 9 cannot be exercised  in these circumstances.

15. It   is   contented   that   the   Regulations   made   under  Section 23 of the AICTE Act  are  required  to be laid before the  Parliament under Section 24 however, the All India   Council for  Technical Education  Approval Process Hand Book, 2010 was not  laid before the Parliament and  thus, it  has  no  statutory force. 

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It is thus, submitted that prohibition for mortgage of the land is  contrary to Clause 6 of 2010 Regulations and it cannot be relied  upon. Clause 4.2 under Chapter­I is extracted below:

All   India   Council   for   Technical   Education   Approval   Process Handbook, 2010 Chapter­I Clause 4.2.  "The applicants fulfilling   the   following   conditions   on   or   before   the   last   date   prescribed   for  receipt   of  application  by  the   Council   shall be eligible to apply: 
1. The applicant is a Society/Trust, should have been   registered under the Societies Registration Act, the Trusts   Act or any similar Act.
2.  The land should have been registered in the name of   the   applicant   Society/Trust   on   or   before   the   date   of   submission of Application.

The  land as required for the setting up of a new   Technical Institution shall have a clear title at the time of   making   an   application.     However,   the   same   may   be   mortgaged   at   a   later   date   for   the   purpose   of   raising   finances   for   development     of   the   same   Technical   Institution.   An affidavit in the format prescribed on the   web portal, shall be submitted along with the application   form.

3. Land use certificate should have been obtained from   the Competent Authority as designated by concerned State   Government/UT.

4. Land   conversion   certificate   should   have   been   obtained from the Competent Authority as designated by   concerned State Government/UT".

16. Clause   6   of   2010   Regulations   permits   the   proposed  institution to mortgage the land for raising the resources for the  purpose   of   development   of   the   technical   education   institute  situated   on   that   land.   Clause   4.2   of   2010   of   Handbook   also  postulates   mortgage   of   the   land   by   the   institute   however,   only  after   grant   of   approval.   Clause   4.2   under   Chapter­I   of   2010  Approval   Process   Handbook   thus,   does   not   depart   from   the  requirement under Clause 6 of 2010 Regulations. It cannot be said  16 to be overriding the provision under Clause 6. Clause 4.2 under  Chapter­I of 2010 Approval Process Handbook is only a reiteration  of the 2010 Regulations. 

17. Relying on decision in  "Association of Management of   Private   Colleges   Vs.   All   India   Council   for   Technical   Education   &   Ors." (2013) 8 SCC 271,  it is contended that AICTE has limited  power for the purpose of ensuring proper maintenance of norms  and standards in technical education system and it has no control  over   the   affiliated   colleges   including,   the   private   aided   and  unaided colleges and thus, non­fulfillment of requirement as to  land   cannot   invite   withdrawal   of   approval.   I   find   that   in  "Association of Management of Private Colleges" case it was not in  dispute   that   the   AICTE   Regulation   were   made   applicable   to  professional colleges from Academic Year, 1994 and there was no  provision for regulating existing Arts and Science colleges which  were running MCA courses. A contention was raised that as the  MCA courses which were run by the colleges do not fall under the  definition   of   "technical   education"   under   Section   2(g)   of   the  AICTE  Act,  it was ultra­vires the Act. Noticing the independent  powers of the UGC and the AICTE, it was held that AICTE is not  an   authority   either   the   superior   or   to   supervise   or   control   the  universities   and   thereby,   to   superimpose   itself   upon   the  universities which are regulated under the UGC Act, 1956. It was  held   that   role   of   AICTE   vis­a­vis   universities   is   limited   to   the  purpose of ensuring proper maintenance of norms and standards  in the technical education system so as to conforms to standards  laid down and that AICTE has no further or direct control over the  universities and there was no scope for any direct action except,  bringing the violations to the notice of the UGC. The said decision  has no application in the present case.  

18. An application for intervention being I.A. No. 4288 of  2015 has been filed by the students of Nilai Educational Trust's  17 Group   of   Institutes   seeking   a   direction   upon   the respodnent­AICTE to permit the students to continue their courses  till the existing students complete their courses in the institute. It  is   contended   that   the   petitioner's   institute   is   one   of   the   best  technical   institute   and   the   students   are   paying   less   fee   in  comparison to other institutes. The other two technical institutes  namely, CIT, Tatisilwai and RTC Anandi which are offering similar  courses are running at their full capacity and they do not have  adequate   infrastructure   to   accommodate   extra   students.   A  comparative   chart   of   infrastructural   facilities   in   the   petitioner's  institute and the above named two institutes has been prepared to  contend that if the students are transferred to those two institutes,  they   would   suffer   on   account   of   poor   infra­structure   and  education and it would severely affect their career prospects. It is  contended that dislocation is a drastic measure which should be  adopted   only   in   cases   where   the   Council   cannot   relax   the  Regulations.   Referring   to   a   decision   in   "Mahatma   Education   Society's   Pillai's   Institute   of   Information   Technology,   Engineering,   Media   Studies   &   Research   Vs.   All   India   Council   for   Technical   Education (AICTE) & Ors." [W.P.(C) No. 6021 of 2014], the learned  counsel   for   the   intervenors   contended   that   the   decision   by   the  AICTE to transfer the existing students to other institutes would  definitely cause injustice and hardship to the students.

19. Regulations framed under the AICTE Act provide that  the students of an AICTE approved institutes, if the approval to  the institute is withdrawn, would be transferred to another AICTE  approved   institute/institutes.   This   provision   has   been  incorporated to safeguard the interest of the students so that, the  students   continue   their   studies.   Though,   a  student   may   have  a  right   to   continue   study   in   the   institute   where   he   has   taken  admission   however,   the   student   cannot   insist   that   he   must   be  permitted to continue and complete his course from an institute  whose   recognition   has   been   withdrawn   by   the   AICTE.   The  18 hardship which may be caused to the students cannot be a ground  to permit the institute to run its courses inspite of withdrawal of  recognition   by   the   AICTE.   Considering   the   fact   that   AICTE  has  withdrawn recognition granted to Nilai Educational Trust's Group  of Institutes, the prayer of the intervenors cannot be granted. In  the   present   proceeding,   the   AICTE   took   a   stand   that   once  approval is withdrawn by the AICTE, it is the responsibility of the  State   Government   to   transfer   the   existing   students   to   other  institutes. The State of Jharkhand has filed an affidavit asserting  that   except   order   dated   14.04.2015,   it   did   not   receive   any  communication from the AICTE regarding transfer of the existing  students   to   other   institutes.   Mr.   Ajit   Kumar,   the   learned   AAG  contended that it is for the AICTE to notify the institutes where  the   students   can   be   transferred.   The   AICTE   is   also   required   to  sanction   the   number   of   students   who   would   be   transferred   to  other existing institutes. However, no step was taken by the AICTE  and it has simply tried to shift its responsibility upon the State  Government.

20. Clause 4.31 of the Regulations framed by the AICTE  provides   that,   "the   affiliating   universities   shall   transfer   the  students   of   the   institutions,   whose   programmes/courses   have  been   discontinued   by   the   Council   or   approval   is   withdrawn   or  suspended, to other nearby AICTE approved technical institutions  affiliated to it and the Council shall allow supernumerary seats in  such   institutions   to   accommodate   the   transferred   students  appropriately till they complete the programmes/courses.". There  is no dispute that except communicating order dated 14.04.2015  the AICTE has taken no step in ensuring transfer of the existing  students   to   other   institutes.   Only   for   a   brief   period   between  24.06.2015 and 15.07.2015 the transfer of the students admitted  in   the   petitioner's   institute   was   stayed   by   this   Court.   On  16.07.2015,   the   interim   order   dated   24.06.2015   whereby,   the  direction allocating AICTE approved institute to the students was  19 kept   in   abeyance   till   the   next   date   of   hearing,   stood   vacated.  Order dated 16.07.2015 records;

7.  "The learned counsel for the AICTE submits   that   allocation  of   AICTE   approved   institute   to   the   students   of   the   petitioner's   institute   would   take sometime. Accordingly, interim order dated   24.06.2015   is   modified   to   the   extent   that   the   process, if any for allocating different institutes   to   the   students,   would   continue.   If   the   next   academic session commences from 2nd week of   August,   2015,   final   approval   for   admission   of   students shall not be granted till the next date of   hearing.   It   is   made   clear   that   if   the   academic   session   has   already   commenced   or   it   would   commence   from   1st   week   of   August,   2015,   interim   order   dated   24.06.2015  shall   stand   recalled." 

21. I am of the opinion that the modalities for transfer of  the   students   to   other   institutes   have   to   be   worked   out   by   the  AICTE in consultation with the State Government. The students  who   took   admission   in   the   Nilai   Educational   Trust's   Group   of  Institutes must not suffer on account of inaction on the part of the  AICTE. Accordingly, it is directed that the AICTE in consultation  with   the   State   Government   should   ensure   that   the   existing  students of the Nilai Educational Trust's Group of Institutes are  transferred to other institutes so as to ensure that they complete  their courses. 

22. The   writ   petition   is   dismissed   however,   with   the  aforesaid direction to the respondent nos. 2 and 4.

 

  (Shree Chandrashekhar, J.) Jharkhand High Court, Ranchi Dated: 1st October, 2015 Manish/R.K./A.F.R.