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[Cites 10, Cited by 0]

Gujarat High Court

State Of Gujarat vs Mamad ... on 24 April, 2015

Equivalent citations: 2015 CRI. L. J. 4092, 2015 (155) AIC (SOC) 37 (GUJ), (2015) 3 GUJ LR 1909, 2015 (4) CRIMES 450 SN

Author: Ravi R.Tripathi

Bench: R.Tripathi, Sonia Gokani

        R/CR.A/1071/1996                                    CAV JUDGMENT




            IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD

                       CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 1071 of 1996
                                     With
                       CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 1073 of 2010


FOR APPROVAL AND SIGNATURE:



HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE RAVI R.TRIPATHI


and


HONOURABLE MS JUSTICE SONIA GOKANI

================================================================

1 Whether Reporters of Local Papers may be allowed to see the judgment ?

2 To be referred to the Reporter or not ? 3 Whether their Lordships wish to see the fair copy of the judgment ?

4 Whether this case involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of the Constitution of India, 1950 or any order made thereunder ?

5 Whether it is to be circulated to the civil judge ? ================================================================ STATE OF GUJARAT....Appellant(s) Versus MAMAD JUSUB....Opponent(s)/Respondent(s) ================================================================ Appearance:

MS CHETNA SHAH, ADDL.PUBLIC PROSECUTOR for the Appellant No.1 HCLS COMMITTEE, ADVOCATE for the Respondent(s) No. 1 MR PRATIK B BAROT, ADVOCATE for the Respondent(s) No.1 ================================================================ Page 1 of 31 R/CR.A/1071/1996 CAV JUDGMENT CORAM: HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE RAVI R.TRIPATHI and HONOURABLE MS JUSTICE SONIA GOKANI Date : /04/2015 CAV COMMON JUDGMENT (PER : HONOURABLE MS JUSTICE SONIA GOKANI)
1. Criminal   Appeal   No.1071   of   1996   has   been  preferred   by   the   appellant­State   under   section  378(1) and (3) of the Code of Criminal Procedure,  1973   (hereinafter   referred   to   as   'the   Code'),  against the judgment and order of acquittal dated  September   30,   1996,   passed   by   the   learned  Additional   Sessions   Judge,   Gondal,   District  Rajkot in Sessions Case No.5 of 1995, insofar as  the learned Judge by the said judgment acquitted  the respondent­accused from the charge of offence  punishable   under   section   498(A)   of   the   Indian  Penal Code, 1860.

  Criminal Appeal No.1073 of 1996 has also  been   preferred   by   the   appellant­State   under  section   377   of   the   Code   for   enhancement   of   the  sentence   rendered   on   September   30,   1996   by   the  Page 2 of 31 R/CR.A/1071/1996 CAV JUDGMENT learned   Additional   Sessions   Judge,   Gondal,  District Rajkot in Sessions Case No.5 of 1995.  

2. The brief facts leading to filing of the present  appeals are as under :

2.1 The respondents­original accused Nos.1 and 2  were   charged   and   tried   for   the   offences  punishable under sections 307, 498(A), 504 read  with 114 of the Indian Penal Code. It is the  case   of   the   prosecution   that   on   account   of  matrimonial   dispute   that   the   respondent   No.1  had with his wife, the complainant­Zarina, when  she was pregnant with twins, a heated exchange  of   words   resulted   into   the   respondent   No.1  inflicting   knife   blows   to   his   wife;   and   the  original   accused   No.2   used   to   instigate   the  respondent   No.1   and   also   used   to   abuse   the  complainant.
2.2 Due   investigation   led   to   filing   of   the  chargesheet   and   committal   of   the   case   to   the  Court of Sessions, where the Court charged both  Page 3 of 31 R/CR.A/1071/1996 CAV JUDGMENT the   accused   of   the   aforementioned   charges   on  December 21, 1995.
2.3 When   the  accused   pleaded   not   guilty  to  the  charge, the prosecution chose to examine in all  19   witnesses   and   also   recorded   further  statements   of   both   the   accused   and   on   the  strength of the submissions made by the rival  sides,   the   judgment   and   order   came   to   be  rendered on September 30, 1996, resulting into  acquittal of the accused No.2 and conviction of  the   respondent   No.1­original   accused   No.1   for  the offence punishable under section 307 of the  Indian Penal Code, for which he is sentenced to  undergo  rigorous imprisonment  for a period of  two   years   and   a   fine   of   Rs.500/­,   and   in  default of payment of fine, to undergo rigorous  imprisonment  for further period of one month. 

It emerges from the record that the respondent  No.1 has already undergone the sentence for a  period of 1 year­11 months­12 days.

Page 4 of 31 R/CR.A/1071/1996 CAV JUDGMENT 2.4 Aggrieved   by   such   judgment   and   order   of  acquittal   acquitting   the   accused   for   the  offence punishable under section 498(A) of the  Indian   Penal   Code   and   of   punishing   the  respondent   No.1   for   the   offence   punishable  under   section   307   only   for   two   years,   these  appeals have been preferred.

3. We have heard extensively Ms.Chetna Shah, learned  Additional   Public   Prosecutor   and   Shri   Pratik  Barot,   learned   counsel   appearing   for   the  respondents, who has been appointed by the High  Court   Legal   Services   Committee   to   appear   on  behalf of the respondents­accused.

4. Ms.Chetna   Shah,   learned   Additional   Public  Prosecutor,   has   fervently   urged   before   us   that  not only the complainant, but her close relatives  like   father,   sister   have   supported   the   case   of  the prosecution in toto. It not only gets proved  that the respondent­accused had continued to met  out cruelty upon his wife by quarrelling with her  and   denying   her   the   amount   of   subsistence,   but  Page 5 of 31 R/CR.A/1071/1996 CAV JUDGMENT such dispute had also led the wife to leave the  matrimonial home. She further urged that with the  indulgence   of   the   family,   she   started   residing  together   and   she   was   conceiving   twins.   On   the  fateful day, her family members had gathered to  work   out   the   amicable   solution   qua   their  matrimonial   ties.   At   that   stage,   the   husband  after being enraged by the demand of Rs.25/­ per  day   by   the   complainant­wife   for   subsistence,  inflicted blows of knife on the vital part of the  body   of   the   complainant­wife   and   he   in   toto  inflicted   five   blows   on   her.   She   further   urged  that   surprisingly   also,   both,   the   husband   and  wife,   were   residing   separately.   Not   only   under  the   instigations   of   original   accused   No.2,   he  used to give insufficient food to the wife, but  he  also   used  to  abuse  the   victim,  beat  her  up,  and   had   also   driven   the   complainant   away   along  with her daughter and twins in her womb and thus,  she   had   suffered   a   lot.   Section   498(A)   of   the  Indian   Penal   Code   requires   indulgence   and  further,   the   punishment   of   two   years   under  section   307   of   the   Indian   Penal   Code   is  Page 6 of 31 R/CR.A/1071/1996 CAV JUDGMENT hopelessly   less.   She,   therefore,   urged   to   allow  both the appeals preferred by the State and pass  the order accordingly.

5. A   contrario   sensu,   Mr.Pratik   Barot,   learned  counsel   appearing   on   behalf   of   respondent­ accused,   urged   this   Court   that   no   appeal   is  preferred   against   the   judgment   and   order   of  conviction, but once the Court has admitted the  appeals of the State and looked into the evidence  that had been adduced before the trial Court, it  will   be   open   for   the   accused   to   challenge   the  aspect   of   the   conviction.   He   urged   that   five  years   before   the   incident,   the   marriage   of   the  complainant   with   the   respondent   No.1   had   taken  place. Within one year, the daughter Afsana was  born   out   of   the   said   wedlock.   There   was   though  dispute   between   the   parties,   they   started  residing   together.   He   urged   that   it   was   in   the  fit of anger, such an act has been committed by  the respondent No.1 and there was no intention to  kill   the   wife.   He   further   urged   that   the   Court  needs   to   consider   as   to   the   nature   of   injuries  Page 7 of 31 R/CR.A/1071/1996 CAV JUDGMENT inflicted, the weapon held by the accused, etc.  When   three   injuries   out   of   five   were   simple   in  nature   and   when   practically   the   entire   sentence  has been undergone, the Court may not interfere  with   such   sentence   after   a   span   of   about   18  years. He has also relied on the decision in the  case   of  In   re   Balan   and   another,   reported   in   1974 Cr.L.J. 857 and another decision in the case  of Pritam Chauhan v. State (Govt. of NCT Delhi,   reported in AIR 2014 SC 2553.

6. Having   thus   heard   both   the   sides   and   having  considered   the   entire   evidence,   which   has   been  adduced before the trial Court, it is to be noted  at the outset that there is no challenge to the  judgment   and   order   of   conviction   by   preferring  any   appeal.   We   are   in   agreement   with   the  submission of Shri Barot that it is open for the  respondent­convict   to   challenge   such   decision  once the appeals preferred by the State under a  particular   provision   and   for   enhancement,   are  under consideration.

Page 8 of 31 R/CR.A/1071/1996 CAV JUDGMENT

7. The vital would be to consider the deposition of  PW­2­complainant herself, who is an injured eye­ witness and she is supported by the evidence of  her family members i.e. PW­3 to PW­6.

8. PW­2, complainant­Zarina Mamadbhai, who has been  examined   vide   Exhibit   24,   has   stated   in   her  deposition   that   five   years   prior   to   the   said  incident,   her   marriage   took   place   with   the  respondent   No.1.   Her   sister   resided   in   the  neighbourhood   and   her   in­laws   were   residing   100  feet   away   from   her   matrimonial   home.   Afsana,  daughter of the complainant, was born out of the  said wedlock with the respondent No.1. No one had  gone to fetch the complainant after the birth of  a daughter. A year after compromise was effected  at the behest of her uncle­in­law Kasambhai, the  complainant   started   residing   at   Rasulpura   with  her   husband.   The   main   plank   of   dispute   was   on  account   of   the   fact   that   the   husband   was   not  giving   the   expenses   to   run   household.   He   was  giving   her   Rs.12/­   per   day   and   that   was  insufficient   to   run   the   household   and   that   was  Page 9 of 31 R/CR.A/1071/1996 CAV JUDGMENT the cause of dispute. Whenever she used to demand  money   for   household   expenditure,   she   was   being  beaten up by the respondent No.1. On October 17,  1994   also,   when   she   demanded   the   household  expenditure,   her   husband   inflicted   the   knife  blows ­ three on her stomach, one on biceps and  one   on   cheek.   Her   sister   Hamida,   Aamadbhai   and  Sayraben   were   present   at   the   time   of   incident,  who   saved   her.   Her   brother,   father   and   mother  were also present at that time. She was removed  to Dhoraji Dispensary by her brother and parents.  Thereafter, she was shifted to Junagadh Hospital,  where she was treated for 15 days. 

  Her   complaint   was   recorded   by   the  police. Panchnama of scene of offence was drawn  and so was the panchnama of clothes worn by the  respondent­accused and the complainant. She also  identified   the   muddamal   article   'knife'   used   by  the respondent­convict.

  She   was   having   twins   in   her   womb   when  the   incident   occurred   and   thereafter,   she   gave  birth to these twins. Her husband was working as  Page 10 of 31 R/CR.A/1071/1996 CAV JUDGMENT a labourer in a transport company and he had no  addiction. Her husband's argument was that if he  earned Rs.12/­ to Rs.15/­ per day, he also has to  sustain his parents and it was difficult for him  to   give   Rs.25/­   per   day   to   her.   Those   who   had  indulged   into   dispute   and   got   them   compromised  also   had   ensured   that   once   she   goes   to   her  matrimonial home, whatever her husband earns, she  would   be   given   the   same.   She   came   to   her  matrimonial   home,   the   previous   night   from   her  parents   and   the   respondent­convict   gave   her  Rs.12/­   on   that   day,   which   she   refused   to   take  and when the husband returned in the evening, she  abstained herself from dinner. Between 09­00 p.m.  and 09­30 p.m., they had heated exchange of words  on   the   issue   of   household   expenditure.   The  complainant   demanded   Rs.25/­   per   day   and   he  showed his inability and both of them got angry  and   in   a   fit   of   anger,   the   respondent   No.1­ convict inflicted knife blows. On hearing the hue  and cry, her sisters and brother­in­law rushed to  the place and her husband fled away leaving the  knife.   A   first   information   report,   Exhibit   41,  Page 11 of 31 R/CR.A/1071/1996 CAV JUDGMENT was given to the police at 00­30 hours on October  18, 1994, which totally supports her version set  out in her deposition.

9. PW­4,   Hamida   Ibrahimbhai,   who   is   the   sister   of  the   complainant,   has   been   examined   vide   Exhibit 

26.   According   to   her,   at   the   time   of   first  delivery, the complainant Zarina stayed with her  parents for about five months and thereafter, on  having   compromised   with   the   respondent­accused,  she was taken back to her matrimonial home.   On   the   date   of   incident,   according   to  this witness, six blows with knife were inflicted  upon Zarina. Her parents were also sitting at the  house   of   Babusha   Mamadsha   Fakir.   They   all   had  gathered there for the purpose of compromise. She  also   agreed   that   her   sister   used   to   demand   an  amount   of   Rs.25/­   per   day   for   household  expenditure and the respondent­convict was unable  to meet with such demand. The discussion went on  for about half an hour and thereafter, when this  witness went to her home for making tea, Zarina  followed   her   for   the   same.   Thereafter,   this  Page 12 of 31 R/CR.A/1071/1996 CAV JUDGMENT witness   heard   a   sound   of   Zarina   and   found   that  Zarina was drenched in blood and had fallen down.  She rushed to her sister and her husband was also  there   and   thereafter,   she   was   removed   to   the  hospital.

10. PW­5, Aamadbhai Hussainbhai­husband of PW­4,  who has been examined vide Exhibit 27, also has  given   his   statement   on   the   line   as   far   as   the  chronology of events is concerned. At the house  of   the   father­in­law   of   the   complainant­Zarina,  they   all   had   gathered   for   bringing   an   amicable  solution of the matrimonial disputes between the  complainant and the respondent­convict. When both  the   complainant   and   her   sister   PW­4   Hamidaben  left   for   their   residence   to   prepare   tea   for  everyone, the respondent­convict chased them and  gave knife blows to Zarina. As per this witness,  the respondent­convict had inflicted three blows  with   knife   on   the   stomach   of   Zarina   and   three  blows   with   knife   on   her   face.   Hue   and   cry   was  made, on account of which he reached to the place  along   with   his   father­in­law   and   mother­in­law  Page 13 of 31 R/CR.A/1071/1996 CAV JUDGMENT and in the meantime, the respondent­convict fled  away   from   the   said   place.   The   complainant   was  removed   to   Dhoraji   Dispensary   and   later   to  Junagadh   Hospital.   In   the   cross­examination   of  this witness, nothing much has come out, except  the fact that they all had gathered at the house  of   Jusab   Ismail   and   the   complainant   had   fallen  flat   on   the   floor   drenched   in   blood   and   the  respondent­convict had fled away from the place.

11. PW­6, Ibrahim Ismail, who has been examined  vide   Exhibit   28,   is   the   father   of   the  complainant­Zarina. According to him, five years  after   the   marriage   of   the   complainant,   this  incident   took   place.   She   had   one   daughter   and  after   the   incident,   she   gave   birth   to   twins.  Because  of  the  delivery  of  a  girl  child  at  the  time   of   her   first   delivery,   the   in­laws   never  came to receive her. Due to compromise effected  at   the   instance   of   the   uncle­in­law   Shri  Hasambhai,   the   complainant   had   returned   to   her  matrimonial   home.   Though   the   respondent­husband  had ensured to give an amount of Rs.25/­ per day  Page 14 of 31 R/CR.A/1071/1996 CAV JUDGMENT for household expenditure, he was not abiding by  the   same   and,   therefore,   the   disputes   arose  between them. They all were sitting at the house  of Babusha Fakir when the incident occurred. Due  to   shouting,   they   all   rushed   to   the   place   and  found   the   complainant­Zarina   injured.   They   took  the   complainant­Zarina   firstly   to   Dhoraji  Hospital and later on at Junagadh Hospital. That  was the time when the complainant­Zarina and her  sister Hamida went to make tea. The respondent­ convict had fled away from the place. There was  sufficient   light   when   the   incident   took   place,  according to this witness.

12. PW­7,   Dr.Ushaben   Girishkumar   Trivedi,   who  has been examined vide Exhibit 29, was serving as  a Medical Officer when the complainant­Zarina was  taken   to   the   hospital   at   09­40   p.m.   on   October  17, 1994. The history was of receiving blows with  knife. The injuries sustained by the complainant  are explained in detail. There were in all four  injuries. She agreed that the muddamal knife was  capable   of   causing   injuries   sustained   on   the  Page 15 of 31 R/CR.A/1071/1996 CAV JUDGMENT person   of   the   victim­complainant.   There   would  have been complications if the injury No.1 would  not have been treated in time, which would have  led   to   her   death.   The   certificate   is   issued,  which   is   at   Exhibit   30,   by   treating   the  complainant.   In   her   cross­examination,   this  witness   has   admitted   that   looking   to   the  injuries, it appears that one side of the edge of  the weapon was sharp and another side was blunt.  She has further admitted that injury Nos.2,3 and  4 were simple injuries. The foetus was 12 to 14  weeks old. The injury No.2 was with sharp cutting  weapon and injury No.5 was with a hard and blunt  substance. She agreed that all the injury Nos.1  to 4 on one side were with sharp edge and on the  otherside   were   with   blunt   edge.   She   was   also  referred   to   Junagadh   Hospital   as   Exploratory  Laparotomy surgery was needed. She also admitted  that   there   is   also   possibility   of   injury   with  sharp cutting weapon. This substantiates the oral  version.   It   is   also   emphasised   that   the   injury  No.1   above   the   umbilicus   covering   the   whole   of  abdominal   wall   from   where   the   omentum   had   come  Page 16 of 31 R/CR.A/1071/1996 CAV JUDGMENT out, if was not treated in time, she could have  died.   The   injury   certificate   dated   November   29,  1994, reflected all these injuries.

13. PW­8, Dr.Arjun Gorabhai Rathod, who has been  examined   vide   Exhibit   31,   was   working   as   a  Medical   Officer   in   Junagadh   Hospital,   when   the  complainant­Zarina   was   referred   from   Referral  Hospital   at   Dhoraji.   This   witness   has   also  deposed that on October 18, 1994, the Laparotomy  was   performed   on   the   complainant.   It   was  essentially to find out whether internal part was  affected.   He   also   has   deposed   that   if   the  complainant would not have been treated in time,  it   would   have   led   to   her   death.   Her   small  intestine was also damaged.

14. PW­19,   Dr.Kirit   Ambalal   Mithawala,   who   has  been   examined   vide   Exhibit   56,   was   the   Civil  Surgeon   at   Junagadh   Hospital,   who   had   performed  the laparotomy on the complainant at midnight 12­ 15   a.m.   He   has   stated   that   because   of   knife  blows,   the   small   intestine   had   perforation  Page 17 of 31 R/CR.A/1071/1996 CAV JUDGMENT admeasuring   5   m.m.   Her   treatment   had   continued  till   October   27,   1994.   He   also   opined   that   she  would have died if within 12 hours she ought not  to   have   been   treated.   No   infection   was   found  during the course of surgery. Much has been asked  to this doctor with regard to non­mentioning of 5  m.m. perforation on small intestine and he agreed  that such noting would have been necessary.    Be   that   as   it   may,   collectively   the  version   of   all   the   three   Medical   Officers  indicate   seriousness   of   the   injury   having  happened   due   to   sharp   cutting   weapon   and  particularly,   the   knife   which   as   per   the  Investigating   Officer   was   discovered   at   the  instance of the respondent­convict.

15. Neither the panch witness in whose presence  the clothes of the victim had been collected nor  the evidence of panchas i.e. PW­11 and PW­12, in  whose   presence   scene   of   offence   panchnama   was  drawn, has been examined by the prosecution. Page 18 of 31 R/CR.A/1071/1996 CAV JUDGMENT

16. PW­13,   Nitinkumar   Dhirajlal,   panch   of  discovery panchnama, in whose presence the knife  has   been   discovered   at   the   instance   of   the  convict, has not chosen to support the version of  the   prosecution.   All   these   documents   have   been  proved   through   the   deposition   of   the   PW­18,  Mafatsinh Punjaji­Investigating Officer.

17. PW­17,   Razak   Gafarbhai,   who   has   been  examined   vide   Exhibit   47,   is   the   panch   of  panchnama   of   recovery   of   the   clothes   of   the  convict, which have been recovered by the Police.  According   to   him,   he   and   other   panchas   have  signed   after   the   panchnama   was   drawn   by   the  Police.   PW­18,   Mafatsinh   Punjaji,   Police   Sub­ Inspector,   Dhoraji   Police   Station,   investigated  such first information report recording the scene  of offence panchnama by collecting blood stained  samples and the sample from the place of offence.  The clothes of the convict were also recovered by  carrying   out   due   panchnama   in   presence   of   the  panchas.   All   the   panchnamas   have   been   proved  through   this   witness.   He   also   had   sent   the  Page 19 of 31 R/CR.A/1071/1996 CAV JUDGMENT samples to the Forensic Science Laboratory, which  included the clothes of the accused and victims,  as also the samples collected from the scene of  offence. Parcel No.1  indicated in the report of  the   Forensic   Science   Laboratory   contained   a  saree, blouse and petticoat. All contained blood  group "O" of human origin on them. The shirt and  pant   of   the   respondent­convict   were   in   Parcel  No.4,   which   also   contained   blood   group   "O"   of  human origin. The soil collected from the scene  of   offence   also   contained   blood   group   "O"   of  human origin. The physical examination indicates  that the cut marks No.1, 2, 3 and 8 on sari, as  also on the blouse could be possible with knife,  whereas the cut marks No.4,5,6,7, 9 and 10 were  not possible with knife.

18. PW­15,   Ramjibhai   Jivabhai­Police   Sub­ Inspector   at   Junagadh   Police   Station,   who   has  been examined vide Exhibit 40, has stated in his  deposition that when he received Yadi from Police  Station Officer, Junagadh, he went to Government  Hospital,   Junagadh,   where   the   first   information  Page 20 of 31 R/CR.A/1071/1996 CAV JUDGMENT report was recorded as given by the complainant­ Zarina,   attracting   the   provisions   of   sections  307,   498(A),   504   and   114   of   the   Indian   Penal  Code.   He   then   sent   the   same   to   Dhoraji   Police  Station   after   giving   it   "zero"   number.   He   also  took   the   left   hand   thumb   impression   of   the  complainant on the first information report.

19. PW­16,   Hasmukhray   Vrujlal   Mehta­Police   Head  Constable, who has been examined vide Exhibit 43,  has   stated   that   he   was   performing   his   duty   on  October   17,   2014   as   In­charge   of   Dhoraji   City  Police   Station   being   the   PSO,   when   he   received  the   documents   through   the   Police   Head   Constable  Shri   Ramjibhai   Shamatbhai   and,   therefore,   he  registered   the   first   information   report   after  making   entry   in   Station   Diary   bearing   No.6/1994  against both Mamad Jusab and Jusab Ismail.

20. Further   statement   of   the   respondent­convict  if   is   looked   at,   the   respondent­convict   has  simply   denied   all   the   questions   put   to   him   and  has not explained anything also in the question  Page 21 of 31 R/CR.A/1071/1996 CAV JUDGMENT where he needed to further explain something. Sum  total   of   the   entire   evidence   had   led   the   trial  Court   to   believe   that   the   charges   levelled  against the respondent­husband got proved beyond  reasonable doubt. The matrimonial dispute was the  cause which resulted into the wife choosing to go  to her parental home as she was unable to sustain  the family with a meager sum of Rs.12/­ per day.  She insisted to double the amount to the tune of  Rs.25/­ per day. It is not to be forgotten that  Afsana­daughter was already born out of the said  wedlock,   who   was   not   welcome   and,   therefore,  after her birth, the in­laws had chosen not to go  to   receive   her.   Both   the   families   chose   to   sit  with each other to bring an amicable end to the  dispute.   Thereafter,   the   complainant   was   sent  back   to   her   matrimonial   home   and   the   problem  persisted   which   had   necessitated   both   the   sides  to arrange for settlement once again and during  such   meeting,   when   the   complainant­Zarina   with  her sister Hamida, had gone to make tea for the  family members, her husband followed her and gave  blows with knife knowing fully well that she was  Page 22 of 31 R/CR.A/1071/1996 CAV JUDGMENT at   an   advanced   stage   of   pregnancy.   The   first  injury   was   serious   enough   to   bring   out   the  omentum.   It   was   a   surgical   intervention   carried  out   at   Junagadh   Hospital   which   could   save   her  life. The injury No.1, which was a stab wound 1  cm. lateral right and 1 cm. above the umbilicus  admeasuring 2.5 cm. X 0.5 cm. X 0.5 cm., was a  grave   injury   and   according   to   the   doctors,   it  could  have   led  to  the  death  of  the   victim.  The  clothes of the victim as well as of the convict,  both had presence of blood having blood group "O"  of   the   human   origin,   which   would   possibly  indicate that the blood group of victim was "O"  and   on   account   of   serious   injuries   that   she  sustained,   the   clothes   of   the   convict   also   had  presence of her blood. More so, because there was  no injury found on the person of the convict nor  is   it   the   case   and   further,   the   panchnama   of  arrest   of   the   appellant­convict   also   does   not  indicate such injury.

21. Considering the delicate parts on which the  victim sustained grievous injuries and the weapon  Page 23 of 31 R/CR.A/1071/1996 CAV JUDGMENT used for causing such injuries at the time when  the complainant­injured victim was having advance  stage of pregnancy, coupled with the opinion of  the   medical   experts   that   such   injuries   were  capable   of   causing   death   if   the   timely   medical  intervention was not available, would surely lead  this Court to hold that the trial Court committed  no   error   in   holding   that   the   prosecution  succeeded in proving the charge under section 307  of   the   Indian   Penal   Code.   Two   elements   are  necessary   for   attracting   the   offence   punishable  under   section   307,   namely  mens   rea  and  actus  reus.   Any   act   done   with   the   intention   or  knowledge   and   under   such   circumstances   if   the  death   is   caused,   the   person   would   be   guilty   of  murder.

22. If under this provision the conviction is to  be sustained, the nature of injuries caused would  have   considerable   importance   in   arriving   at   the  findings   as   to   the   intention   of   the   person  concerned.   Such   intention   needs   to   be   gathered  from all the circumstances as may get proved on  Page 24 of 31 R/CR.A/1071/1996 CAV JUDGMENT record, that also can be ascertained without the  nature   of   actual   injuries   sustained.   This  provision   also   makes   a   distinction   between   the  act   of   the   person   of   the   accused   and   also   the  outcome   of   his   act.   It   is   not   necessary   for  holding the person guilty to prove that his act  has invariably resulted into inflicting injuries  capable of leading to death. What is essentially  to be seen by the Court is whether the act was  done   with   the   intention   or   knowledge,  irrespective   of   its   result   under   the  circumstances specified in the provision. So what  is   vital   is   to   get   the   intention   coupled   with  such overt act for executing the intent. The mere  fact   that   the   injury   actually   inflicted   by   the  accused   did   not   injure   any   vital   organ   of   the  victim   itself   is   not   sufficient   to   take   out  provision   of   section   307   of   the   Indian   Penal  Code. This position was highlighted by the Apex  Court in the case of  Vitthal  Jadav  v. State of   Maharashtra,   reported   in   (2004)   Cr.L.J.   1786   (S.C.). What can be deduced from the discussion  above   is   that   for   proving   the   charge   under  Page 25 of 31 R/CR.A/1071/1996 CAV JUDGMENT section 307, the prosecution needs to prove that  the accused committed an act which was done with  an intention or with the knowledge of causing and  under such circumstances that, if he by that act  would   have   caused   death,   he   would   be   guilty   of  murder. For attracting this provision, intent or  knowledge is the most essential part, which can  be gathered from the nature of injury, the part  of   body   on   which   the   injury   is   inflicted,   the  nature   of   injuries   and   all   the   attending  circumstances.

23. Applying   this   legal   principle   for   the  purpose of apprehending as to whether section 307  of   the   Indian   Penal   Code   gets   attracted,   as  discussed   hereinabove,   the   trial   Court   has  rightly   held   the   ingredients   of   section   307   of  the   IPC   having   been   proved   beyond   reasonable  doubt,   when   the   injuries   were   inflicted   on  defenceless   wife,   who   was   carrying   an   advance  pregnancy   at   the   time   when   the   parties   were  negotiating   and   during   the   course   of   such  negotiations, when she was going to prepare tea  Page 26 of 31 R/CR.A/1071/1996 CAV JUDGMENT for   all   the   persons   concerned,   it   is   very  unlikely that a person would arrive at a place of  negotiations with his own family with knife. In  fact,   according   to   all   the   witnesses,   talk   was  going on in a very cordial atmosphere and at that  stage,   to   inflict   the   injury   on   the   vital   part  with   knife   by   surreptitiously   approaching   the  victim from behind and also keeping in mind the  organ   of   body   of   the   victim   involved,   would  surely attract the ingredients of section 307 of  the IPC, which gets established beyond reasonable  doubt.

24. We notice that the trial Court has punished  the   accused   by   awarding   sentence   of   rigorous  imprisonment for a period of two years and a fine  of   Rs.500/­,   and   in   default   of   non­payment   of  fine,   further  rigorous   imprisonment  for   one  month.   It   was   gathered   from   the   respective  lawyers   that   the   respondent­accused   has   already  undergone imprisonment for a period of one year  and 11 months and both the parties are residing  separately  and the children are with the victim,  Page 27 of 31 R/CR.A/1071/1996 CAV JUDGMENT and as mentioned hereinabove, has chosen not to  challenge   the   judgment   and   order   of   conviction  and sentence. It is only at the time of resisting  the   enhancement   appeal   of   the   State   that  discussion on all the issues have been requested  for and, therefore, the same has necessitated the  detailed findings. As far as the appeal against  the   judgment   and   order   of   acquittal   qua   the  father of the respondent­convict is concerned, as  rightly   held   by   the   trial   Court,   in   absence   of  any evidence on record qua the role played by the  respondent­father­in­law,   he   has   been   rightly  given   the   benefit   of   doubt.   Nothing   could   be  furnished   to   reverse   the   judgment   and   order   of  acquittal qua the respondent No.2­father­in­law.

25. As the guilt of the respondent No.1­convict  is proved beyond reasonable doubt, we also need  to consider whether the period of punishment of  two years is sufficient or whether the punishment  inflicted   does   not   commensurate   with   the   guilt  proved.

Page 28 of 31 R/CR.A/1071/1996 CAV JUDGMENT

26. As   section   307   of   the   IPC   provides   that  punishment   for   a   term,   which   may   extend   to   10  years and also fine, and in the event of any hurt  caused   to   any   person,   the   offender   can   be   made  liable either to imprisonment of life or to such  punishment as specified in the proviso. It would  be   oblivious   of   the   fact   the   injury   would   have  lead to the death of the victim, as she was at an  advance   stage   of   carrying   twins.   It   is   not  emerging from record that whether the mother had  undergone any medical test for them to know that  she was carrying on twins in her womb. However,  it   is   abundantly   clear   that   her   being   pregnant  was very apparent and known to one and all and,  therefore,   if   such   death   would   have   happened,  this could have resulted not only one life, but  minimum   three   lives   and   the   respondent­convict  surely   had   intention   as   well   as   knowledge   that  this would have resulted into end of three lives.  We are also conscious of the fact the couple had  already one child at the time of such incident.  Despite   of   this,   when   he   has   chosen   to   act   in  such a cruel fashion and committed the offence on  Page 29 of 31 R/CR.A/1071/1996 CAV JUDGMENT his own wife in complete disregard to his legal  and moral duty of protecting her and their future  children,   two   years'   punishment   surely   is  insufficient   to   commensurate   with   the   guilt  proved. In view of the aforementioned facts and  circumstances   of   the   case,   it   would   be   apt   to  impose at least seven years rigorous imprisonment  for   commission   of   the   offence   punishable   under  section 307 of the Indian Penal Code.

27. For   the   foregoing   reasons,   Criminal   Appeal  No.1071 of 1996 preferred by the appellant­State  against   the   judgment   and   order   acquitting   the  respondents­accused   from   the   charge   of   offence  punishable   under   section   498(A)   of   the   Indian  Penal Code is dismissed.

  So   far   as   Criminal   Appeal   No.1073   of  1996,   preferred   by   the   appellant­State   against  the   judgment   and   order   of   sentence   for  enhancement   of   the   sentence   is   hereby   partly  allowed.   The   impugned   judgment   and   order   of  conviction remains unaltered. The impugned order  of sentence dated September 30, 1996, passed by  Page 30 of 31 R/CR.A/1071/1996 CAV JUDGMENT the   learned   Additional   Sessions   Judge,   Gondal,  District   Rajkot   in   Sessions   Case   No.5   of   1995  imposing   sentence   of   only   two   years'   rigorous  imprisonment upon the respondent No.1­husband is  hereby modified and enhanced to the extent that  the   respondent   No.1­husband   now   shall   undergo  rigorous   imprisonment   for   seven   years   for   the  offence   punishable   under   section   307   of   the  Indian Penal Code. The respondent No.1 be given  the   benefit   of   set   off.   The   rest   part   of   the  impugned judgment and order remains unaltered.

(RAVI R.TRIPATHI, J.) (MS SONIA GOKANI, J.) Aakar Page 31 of 31