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[Cites 21, Cited by 7]

Gujarat High Court

Chandrakant Jayantilal Suthar & vs State Of Gujarat on 23 July, 2015

Author: Abhilasha Kumari

Bench: Abhilasha Kumari

         R/SCR.A/4255/2015                            CAV JUDGMENT




              IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD

    SPECIAL CRIMINAL APPLICATION (QUASHING) NO. 4255 of 2015



FOR APPROVAL AND SIGNATURE:



HONOURABLE SMT. JUSTICE ABHILASHA KUMARI
==========================================================

1 Whether Reporters of Local Papers may be allowed Yes to see the judgment ?

2 To be referred to the Reporter or not ? Yes 3 Whether their Lordships wish to see the fair copy of No the judgment ?

4 Whether this case involves a substantial question of No law as to the interpretation of the Constitution of India or any order made thereunder ? ========================================================== CHANDRAKANT JAYANTILAL SUTHAR & 1....Applicant(s) Versus STATE OF GUJARAT....Respondent(s) ========================================================== Appearance:

MR PRADIP D BHATE, ADVOCATE for the Petitioners MR MITESH AMIN, PUBLIC PROSECUTOR for the Respondent ========================================================== CORAM: HONOURABLE SMT. JUSTICE ABHILASHA KUMARI Date : 23/07/2015 C.A.V. JUDGMENT
1. Rule.   Mr.Mitesh   Amin,   learned   Public   Prosecutor,  waives   service   of   notice   of   Rule   for   the  Page 1 of 34 R/SCR.A/4255/2015 CAV JUDGMENT respondent.
2. Sometimes,   the   Court   is   confronted   with   a  dilemma  where  the case  before it is such  that  the   legal   implications   of   the   decision   would  have   repercussions   upon   the   life   of   an  individual. The present is one such case.
3. One   has   often   heard   the   phrase,   "Beware   of   a  wolf in sheep's clothing". In the present case,  an innocent girl, aged fourteen years, fell prey  to a predator who wore the garb of a doctor, a  person   who   is   supposed   to   heal   the   wounds   of  humanity,   and   not   inflict   them.   Instead   of  healing,   what   was   allegedly   meted   out   to   the  hapless victim was the violation of her person,  a   trauma   of   the   worst   kind   for   a   girl   or   a  woman, both physical, mental and psychological,  that would change the course of her life. 
4. The   petitioners   before   this   Court   are   the  parents of the victim girl, who have challenged  the   order   dated   10.07.2015,   passed   by   the  learned Additional Sessions Judge, Sabarkantha,  in Miscellaneous Criminal Application No.332 of  Page 2 of 34 R/SCR.A/4255/2015 CAV JUDGMENT 2015, whereby, their application for permission  to   terminate   the   pregnancy   of   their   minor  daughter, came to be rejected. 
5. The factual matrix of the case, as discernible  from the record, is as follows.
6. The   victim   girl,   aged   fourteen   years,   made   a  complaint   on   the   basis   of   which   a   First  Information   Report   (FIR)   being   C.R.I­60/2015  came to be registered on 29.06.2015, before the  Talod Police Station, under Sections 376 and 328  of the Indian Penal Code and Sections 5(4)(2)6,   9(e)   and   10   of   the   Protection   of   Children  from   Sexual   Offences   Act,   2012   ("the   POCSO  Act"). The narration in the FIR is to the effect  that the victim, who is a student of the tenth  standard, was suffering from typhoid; therefore,  sometime in February 2015, her mother took her  to Ranasan. The clinic of Dr.Jatinbhai K.Mehta  (the  doctor)  is  located near  the Bus  stand  at  Ranasan  and the  mother  of  the victim  took her  there   for   treatment,   at   about   9:30   am   on   the  fateful day. The doctor took the victim into his  Page 3 of 34 R/SCR.A/4255/2015 CAV JUDGMENT chamber   and   asked   her   mother   to   wait   outside. 

After drawing the curtains, the doctor allegedly  asked the victim indecent questions and gave her  an   injection,   after   which   the   victim   lost   her  consciousness.   When   the   victim   recovered   and  regained her consciousness she realised that her  clothes were in disarray and she was suffering  from pain in her private parts. She realised she  had been raped by the doctor and asked him why  he had done such a thing. The doctor allegedly  threatened the victim that if she disclosed the  incident to her  mother  or  uncle  (who  lived  in  Ranasan),   he   would   ruin   her   life.   The   victim,  therefore, did not disclose the incident to her  mother.

7. When   the   victim   did   not   get   her   menstrual  periods for two or three months, her mother and  her   uncle   took   her   for   a   check­up   to  Dr.Karshanbhai   Patel   at   Nikoda,   on   28.06.2015.  After   examining   the   victim,   it   was   found   that  she was pregnant. The victim then disclosed the  incident of rape to her mother and uncle.   The  FIR was lodged the next day, on 29.06.2015. Page 4 of 34 R/SCR.A/4255/2015 CAV JUDGMENT

8. On   09.07.2015,   the   parents   of   the   victim,   the  petitioners herein, filed Criminal Miscellaneous  Application No.332 of 2015 in the Court of the  learned   Additional   Sessions   Judge,   Sabarkantha  at   Himmatnagar,   who   is   also   the   designated  Special   Judge   under   the   POCSO   Act,   seeking  permission   to   terminate   the   pregnancy   of   the  victim as the said pregnancy was the result of  rape and the victim was not ready to accept the  pregnancy. It was stated in the application that  the victim, being a minor, is not in a position  to   physically   or   mentally   go   through   the  pregnancy   and   was   in   depression.   The   family,  being   financially   weak,   could   not   bear   the  additional   burden.   It   was   stated   that   the  studies   of   the   victim   would   suffer,   she   would  face social stigma and her life would be ruined,  if permission to terminate the pregnancy was not  granted. 

9. The Sessions Court directed that the victim be  examined by a Gynaecologist. Dr.Anita K.Purohit  examined the victim on 10.07.2015. On the basis  of   the   Sonography   report   dated   10.07.2015,  Page 5 of 34 R/SCR.A/4255/2015 CAV JUDGMENT prepared by "Sarita Digital X­Ray and Sonography  Clinic"   and   signed   by   Dr.Ketan   M.Gadhvi,   the  Gynaecologist opined that as per the Sonography  Report,   the   pregnancy   cannot   be   terminated   in  view   of   the   provisions   of   the   Medical  Termination   of   Pregnancy   Act,   1971   ("the   MTP  Act").   However,   if   the   Court   so   directs,   the  pregnancy could be terminated after arrangements  for providing blood are made. 

10. As per the Sonography Report dated 10.07.2015,  the   foetus   was   of   about   23   weeks   and   6   days,  that   is,   about   24   weeks.   Taking   into  consideration the aspect that the pregnancy of  the victim was over twenty weeks, the Sessions  Court   declined   to   accord   permission   for   the  termination   of   the   pregnancy,   keeping   in   view  the provisions of the MTP Act. It is this order  of   the   Sessions   Court   that   is   impugned   before  this Court. 

11. Mr.Pradip   D.Bhate,   learned   counsel   for   the  petitioners, made an impassioned plea that this  Court may set aside the impugned order and grant  Page 6 of 34 R/SCR.A/4255/2015 CAV JUDGMENT permission   to   terminate   the   pregnancy   of   the  victim, as she is only fourteen years old and is  studying   in   the   tenth   standard.   She   is   not  physically,   or   mentally,   capable   of   going  through the pregnancy. As submitted by him, the  victim comes from a poor family who cannot bear  the additional burden that the pregnancy would  impose, if it is not terminated. The victim is  suffering from depression due to the pregnancy.  Her whole life would be ruined, she would have  problems regarding her marriage and would face  social   stigma   if   the   child   is   born.   It   is  submitted   that   the   elder   sister   of   the   victim  is   mentally   challenged   and   there   are   changes  that the child born to the victim may also have  some   mental   abnormality.   The   victim   does   not  want the pregnancy and has consented to get it  terminated   and   this   would   be   in   her   best  interest.

12. It is further submitted that as per Explanation­ 1   of   Section   3(2)(b)(i)   of   the   MTP   Act,   the  anguish  caused to the  pregnant  woman  due  to  a  pregnancy   caused   by   rape   shall   be   presumed   to  Page 7 of 34 R/SCR.A/4255/2015 CAV JUDGMENT constitute a grave injury to the mental health  of the pregnant woman, which is a ground, under  Section   3(2)(b)(i),   for   the   formation   of   an  opinion   by   two   medical   practitioners,   for   the  termination of a pregnancy. It is submitted that  in the present case, the pregnancy having been  caused   by   an   act   of   rape,   the   victim   is   in  anguish, which constitutes a grave injury to her  mental   health   and   is   a   ground   for   the  termination of her pregnancy.

13. The   learned   counsel   for   the   petitioners   has  further   submitted   that   the   report   of   the  Gynaecologist shows that the blood report of the  victim shows deficiency, which can cause harm to  the victim during child­birth. Moreover, though  the Gynaecologist has opined that the pregnancy  cannot   be   terminated   as   per   the   provisions   of  the   MTP   Act,   she   has   further   stated   in   the  report   that   if   the   Court   so   directs,   the  pregnancy   can   be   terminated   after   making  arrangements for blood. It is contended that it  is not as though it is medically not possible to  terminate the pregnancy. Looking to the age of  Page 8 of 34 R/SCR.A/4255/2015 CAV JUDGMENT the victim and the unfortunate circumstances due  to   which   she   became   pregnant,   the   economic  condition   of   her   parents,   her   future,   her  studies and the social stigma attached to such a  pregnancy,   this   Court   may   grant   permission   to  terminate the pregnancy. The learned counsel for  the petitioners has cited several judgments to  fortify his submissions, which shall be referred  to later.

14. Mr.Virat   G.Popat,   learned   advocate,   has   sought  permission from the Court to address submissions  on behalf of Mr.Pradip D.Bhate, learned counsel  for the petitioners. He was permitted to advance  his   submissions.   Mr.Popat   has   submitted   that,  looking  to  the provisions  of  Section  3 of the  MTP   Act,   it   is   clear   that   it   is   not   a  prohibitory provision. Nowhere does it say that  a   pregnancy   of   over   twenty   weeks   cannot   be  terminated. The only prohibition is contained in  sub­section (4)(a) of Section 3, which prohibits  the   termination   of   the   pregnancy   of   a   woman  under eighteen years of age  or  a mentally ill  woman,   without   the   consent   in   writing   of   her  Page 9 of 34 R/SCR.A/4255/2015 CAV JUDGMENT guardian.   According   to   Mr.Popat,   this   is   the  only prohibition and except for this, Section 3,  as a whole, is discretionary and not mandatory.  There is no express bar to the termination of a  pregnancy or over twenty weeks. Hence, according  to the learned advocate, permission to terminate  the   pregnancy   can   be   granted   even   though   the  pregnancy is over twenty weeks. 

15. Mr.Mitesh   Amin,   learned   Public   Prosecutor,   has  addressed the Court on behalf of the respondent­ State of Gujarat and has submitted that, Section  3 of the MTP Act is very clear that permission  to terminate a pregnancy can only be granted if  the   length   of   the   pregnancy   does   not   exceed  twelve   weeks   if   a   registered   medical  practitioner forms an opinion in good faith that  the continuation of the pregnancy would involve  a risk to the life of the pregnant woman or a  grave risk to her physical or mental health or  there is a  substantial  risk  that if the  child  were born, it would suffer from such physical or  mental   abnormalities   as   to   be   seriously  handicapped.   Similarly,   if   the   length   of   the  Page 10 of 34 R/SCR.A/4255/2015 CAV JUDGMENT pregnancy   exceeds   twelve   weeks   but   does   not  exceed   twenty   weeks,   the   opinion   of   two  registered   medical   practitioners   is   required.  There is no provision of law in the MTP Act that  permits the termination of a pregnancy exceeding  twenty weeks. It is submitted that the victim's  pregnancy   is,   admittedly,   now   of   twenty­four  weeks,  therefore, as per  Section 3  of  the MTP  Act, permission to terminate it has rightly not  been   granted   by   the   Sessions   Court.   It   is  submitted that the intention of the legislature  is clear from Section 3 of the MTP Act that the  law   does   not   permit   the   termination   of   a  pregnancy   exceeding   twenty   weeks.   The   only  exception  in  which  Sections  3 and  4 would not  apply   are   enumerated   in   Section   5,   when   a  registered   medical   practitioner   has   opined,   in  good   faith,   that   the   termination   of   the  pregnancy is immediately necessary to save the  life of the pregnant woman. Such is not the case  here.   There   is   no   opinion   by   any   registered  medical practitioner that the continuance of the  pregnancy poses a grave risk to the life of the  Page 11 of 34 R/SCR.A/4255/2015 CAV JUDGMENT victim   and   its   termination   is   immediately  necessary   to   save   her   life.   Even   this   section  does   not   permit   the   termination   of   pregnancy  beyond 20 weeks, on account of its having been  caused by rape. The intention of the legislature  is amply clear from this section as well. It is  submitted   that   the   State   would   extend   all  possible help to the victim and her family and  this Court can issue appropriate directions in  this regard. 

16. While   advancing   his   submissions,   Mr.Pradip  D.Bhate,   learned   counsel   for   the   petitioners,  has brought several judgments to the notice of  this Court. 

17. The first judgment relief upon by him is  Janak   Ramsang   Kanzariya   (Minor)   thorough   Manjuben   Ramsang   Kanzariya   v.   State   of   Gujarat   -   2011   Cr.L.J. 1306. In that case, this Court granted  permission   to   terminate   the   pregnancy   of   a  twelve­year­old   girl   who   had   conceived   as   a  result   of   an   act   of   rape.   Taking   into  consideration   the   age   of   the   girl,   her   poor  Page 12 of 34 R/SCR.A/4255/2015 CAV JUDGMENT economical   status   and   the   social,   mental   and  physical   problems   the   girl   would   face,   such  permission   was   granted.   A   perusal   of   the  judgment,   especially   paragraph   10   thereof,  reveals that the length of the pregnancy of the  girl   was   12   to   14   weeks.   In   other   words,   the  length of the pregnancy was under twenty weeks,  therefore, permission to terminate it could have  been granted as per the provisions of Section 3  of the MTP Act.

18. The second judgment referred to on behalf of the  petitioners is of this Court, dated 21.06.2013,  rendered   in  Special   Criminal   Application   No.1786   of   2013   (Jankiben   Ronakbhai   Patel   v.   State  of Gujarat  And Anr.). In that case, the  pregnancy   of   the   petitioner   (who   was   not   a  minor) was permitted to be terminated as having  occurred   due   to   rape.   The   length   of   the  pregnancy was nineteen weeks. Thus, in this case  as well, the length of the pregnancy was under 

twenty   weeks,   therefore,   it   was   permissible,  under   the   provisions   of   Section   3   of   the   MTP  Act, to permit its termination. 
Page 13 of 34 R/SCR.A/4255/2015 CAV JUDGMENT

19. The third judgment upon which reliance is placed  on behalf of the petitioners has been rendered  by the High Court of Madras in  D.Rajeshwari v.   State of Tamil Nadu and Others - 1996 Cr.L.J.   3795. In that case, a minor girl aged thirteen  years, became pregnant due to acts of rape and  was   permitted   to   terminate   the   pregnancy.   In  that case as well, the duration of the pregnancy  was   eighteen   weeks,   and   did   not   exceed   twenty  weeks.

20. The   fourth   judgment   cited   on   behalf   of   the  petitioners is that of the High Court of Punjab  and   Haryana   dated   07.10.2014,   passed   in  CWP   No.20783 of 2014 (Vijender v. State of Haryana   and   others).   In   that   case,   the   Court   issued  directions   to   follow   a   previous   order   in   the  case of minor rape victims who do not want the  pregnancy and desire to terminate it. There is  nothing in this judgment that suggests that the  pregnancy   of   the   concerned   victim   exceeded  twenty weeks, or that permission to terminate it  was   granted   even   though   it   exceeded   such   time  period.

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21. The   fifth   judgment   referred   to   by   the   learned  counsel for the petitioners is rendered by the  Supreme Court in the case of Suchita Srivastava   and   Another   v.   Chandigarh   Administration   -   (2009)9   SCC   1.   In   that   case,   the   judgment   of  the Punjab and Haryana High Court, directing the  termination   of   the   pregnancy   of   a   mentally  retarded orphan girl of about nineteen to twenty  years (as per the ossification test), caused by  rape was set aside. While doing so, the Supreme  Court   took   into   consideration   the   difference  between   "mental   retardation"   and   "mental  illness"   and   the   aspect   that,   though   the   girl  was mentally retarded, she had given her consent  to have the baby and was physically capable of  going through the childbirth. 

22. In   the   present   case,   though   pregnancy   of   the  victim has been caused by rape, she is neither  mentally   retarded   nor   mentally   ill   and   is  desirous   of   terminating   her   pregnancy.   This  judgment   would   not   come   to   the   aid   of   the  petitioners in the context of the present case. Page 15 of 34 R/SCR.A/4255/2015 CAV JUDGMENT

23. The sixth, and last, judgment referred to by the  learned counsel for the petitioners is of this  Court   dated   16.04.2015,   rendered   in  Special   Criminal   Application   No.1919   of   2015   (Ashaben   w/o. Dineshbhai Jasubhai Talsaniya (Devipujak)   v. State of Gujarat and Others). In that case,  this   Court   declined   to   give   permission   to   the  rape   victim   therein,   who   was   a   married   lady  having   children,   to   terminate   the   pregnancy  which   was   over   twenty   weeks   in   duration.   This  judgment   would,   in   fact,   aid   the   reverse  proposition   to   that   expounded   by   the  petitioners, that Section 3 of the MTP Act does  not   permit   the   termination   of   a   pregnancy   the  length   of   which   exceeds   twenty   weeks   (it   was  about twenty seven weeks as on 31.03.2015).

24. In   the   above   background,   this   Court   has   heard  learned   counsel   for   the   respective   parties   at  length,   perused   the   material   on   record   and  accorded   deep   and   thoughtful   consideration   to  the   factual   and   legal   issues   that   emerge   for  decision.

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25. This Court would have to admit that, to arrive  at a decision in a case such as the present one  involving a minor victim of rape, saddled with  an   unwanted   pregnancy   with   all   its   physical,  mental, emotional and social implications on the  one hand and the statutory provisions of law on  the  other  hand,  is  a difficult  task.  There  is  not the remotest doubt that the law of the land  is to be upheld,  obeyed and  applied and  every  judge   of   the   High   Court   is   bound   by   a  constitutional oath to do so. However, there are  times when a poignant situation arises in a case  where the application of the law gives rise to a  situation that would have physical, mental and  social connotations upon the life of an innocent  girl. Nevertheless, the law is the law, and has  to be obeyed.

26. The   legislature   has   enacted   the   MTP   Act   after  due deliberation, taking into consideration all  surrounding and relevant factors. The intention  of   the   legislature   in   enacting   the   statute   is  evident   from   the   language   employed.   The   first  and   foremost   rule   in   construing   a   statutory  Page 17 of 34 R/SCR.A/4255/2015 CAV JUDGMENT provision is the rule of literary construction.  If the provision of the statute is unambiguous  and the legislative intent is clear from it, no  other rules of interpretation are required to be  resorted to and the statutory provision is to be  followed as it is. 

27. In   the   present   case,   the   relevant   statutory  provision is Section 3 of the MTP Act, which is  reproduced hereinbelow, for ready reference:

3.   When   pregnancies   may   be   terminated   by   registered medical practitioners: 
(1)   Notwithstanding   anything   contained   in  the Indian Penal Code, a registered medical  practitioner   shall   not   be   guilty   of   any  offence under  that Code or under any other  law   for   the   time   being   in   force,   if   any   pregnancy is terminated by him in accordance   with the provisions of this Act. 
(2) Subject to the provisions of sub­section   (4),   a   pregnancy   may   be   terminated   by   a  registered medical practitioner,­ 
(a) where the length of the pregnancy  does not exceed twelve weeks, if such  medical practitioner is, or 
(b)   where   the   length   of   the   pregnancy  exceeds   twelve   weeks   but   does   not  exceed   twenty   weeks,   if   not   less   than  two   registered   medical   practitioners  are,  Page 18 of 34 R/SCR.A/4255/2015 CAV JUDGMENT of opinion, formed in good faith, that­ 
(i) the continuance of the pregnancy  would involve a risk to the life of the  pregnant woman or of grave injury to  her physical or mental health; or 
(ii) there is a substantial risk that  if the child were born, it would suffer  from such physical or mental  abnormalities as to be seriously  handicapped. 

Explanation   1.   where   any   pregnancy   is  alleged by  the pregnant woman to have been  caused by rape, the  anguish caused  by such  pregnancy shall be presumed to constitute a  grave   injury   to   the   mental   health   of   the  pregnant woman. 

Explanation 2. Where any pregnancy occurs as   a result of failure of any device or method  used by any married woman or her husband for   the   purpose   of   limiting   the   number   of  children the anguish caused by such unwanted   pregnancy   may   be   presumed   to   constitute   a  grave   injury   to   the   mental   health   of   the  pregnant woman. 

(3)   In   determining   whether   the   continuance  of   a   pregnancy   would   involve   such   risk   of  injury to the health as is mentioned in sub­ section   (2),   account   may   be   taken   of   the  pregnant   woman's   actual   or   reasonably  foreseeable environment. 

(4) (a) No pregnancy of a woman, who has not   attained the age of eighteen years, or, who,   having   attained   the   age   of   eighteen   years,   is   a  ["mentally   ill   person"]   ,   shall   be  terminated   except   with   the   consent   in  writing of her guardian. 

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(b)   Save   as   otherwise   provided   in   clause 

(a), no pregnancy shall be terminated except   with the consent of the pregnant woman. 

28. A  bare  reading of the  entire  section  makes  it  clear   that   the   language   is   straightforward,  clear and unambiguous. The section begins with a  non­obstante   clause,   overriding   the   provisions  of   any   other   law   in   force.   It   states   that   no  registered   medical   practitioner   shall   be   held  guilty of an offence under the IPC or any other  law,  if  any pregnancy  is  terminated by him  in  accordance   with   the   provisions   of   this   Act.  Therefore,   the   legislature   intended   that   the  termination   of   pregnancy   by   any   registered  medical   practitioner   has   to   be  in   accordance  with   the   provisions   of   the   MTP   Act.   Section  3(2)   of   this   Act   permits   the  termination   of  pregnancy [subject to sub­section (4)] only on  two grounds, namely, when (i) the continuance of  the pregnancy would involve a risk to the life  of the pregnant woman or of grave injury to her  physical   or   mental   health   or   (ii)   there   is   a  substantial risk that if the child were born, it  would   suffer   from   such   physical   or   mental  Page 20 of 34 R/SCR.A/4255/2015 CAV JUDGMENT abnormalities   as   to   be   seriously   handicapped.  Only   under   the   above   two   situations   can   an  opinion   be   formed   for   the   termination   of   the  pregnancy. If the length of the pregnancy does  not   exceed   twelve   weeks,   the   opinion   of   one  registered medical practitioner is required. If  the length of the pregnancy exceeds twelve weeks  but does not exceed twenty weeks, the opinion of  two   registered   medical   practitioners   is  necessary.   There   is   no   provision   in   Section   3  that permits the termination of a pregnancy, the  length   of   which  exceeds   twenty   weeks.   As   per  sub­section   (4)   of   Section   3,   the   written  consent of a guardian is necessary in  the case  of a  woman  below  eighteen  years  or  a mentally  ill woman. Section 5 of the MTP Act permits the  termination   of   the   pregnancy   in   case   a  registered   medical   practitioner   is   of   the  opinion   formed   in   good   faith,   that   the  termination   of   the   pregnancy   is   immediately  necessary   to   save   the   life   of   the   pregnant  woman. This section, as well, nowhere states a  pregnancy   exceeding   twenty   weeks   can   be  Page 21 of 34 R/SCR.A/4255/2015 CAV JUDGMENT terminated. 

29. An   argument   has   been   advanced   by   the   learned  counsel   for   the   petitioners   that   the   unwanted  pregnancy   that   is   a   result   of   rape   and   has  caused   great   anguish   to   the   victim   and,  therefore,   constitutes   a   grave   injury   to   her  mental   health   in   terms   of   explanation   I   to  Section 3(2) of the MTP Act. Therefore, as per  Section   3(2)(b)(i),   this   is   a   ground   for   the  termination   of   the   pregnancy,   especially   when  the parents of the minor girl have given their  consent. 

30. This   Court   is   unable   to   accede   to   this  proposition,   as   Section   3(2)(d)(i),   read   with  Explanation­1,   specifically   state   the   duration  of the pregnancy, which duration does not exceed  twenty   weeks.   Had   the   length   of   the   pregnancy  not exceeded twenty weeks, the argument of the  learned counsel for the petitioners could have  been   accepted.   However,   as   it   is   an   admitted  fact   that   the   pregnancy   is   now   a   little   over  twenty­four   weeks,   this   Court   is   unable   to  Page 22 of 34 R/SCR.A/4255/2015 CAV JUDGMENT accept the submissions of the learned advocate  for the  petitioners. 

31. The legislative intent running through the MTP  Act, especially Section 3 thereof, is clear and  unambiguous.   The   maximum   length   of   pregnancy  permissible of being terminated is twenty weeks.  Had the Legislature intended that a pregnancy,  the length of which exceeds twenty weeks can be  terminated,   it   would   have   clearly   stated   so,  while enacting the provision. The Court cannot  read into the provisions of a statute something  that is not there or is not intended to be there  by the  Legislature.  It  is  bound  to  follow the  law   as   it   is.   As   stated   earlier,   there   is   no  ambiguity in the provisions of Section 3, so as  to make it necessary to follow any other rule of  interpretation,   except   the   literal   rule   of  construction.   The   Court   cannot   legislate   under  the   garb   of   interpretation   [B.Premanand   And   Others   v.   Mohan   Koikal   and   Others   ­   (2011)   4   SCC 266].

32. Mr.Virat G.Popat, learned advocate, who has made  Page 23 of 34 R/SCR.A/4255/2015 CAV JUDGMENT additional submissions on behalf of the learned  advocate for the petitioners, has contended that  the language of Section 3 of the MTP Act is not  prohibitory.   That   the   only   prohibition   is  contained   in   sub­section   (4)   of   Section   3   and  that relates to the written consent to terminate  the pregnancy, by the guardian of a woman below  the   age   of   eighteen   years   or   a   mentally   ill  woman.   According   to   Mr.Popat,   there   is   no  express   bar   in   Section   3   regarding   the  termination of a pregnancy, the length of which  exceeds twenty weeks. As per his submission, the  provisions   of   Section   3   are   discretionary   and  not mandatory. 

33. As   this   Court   has   observed   earlier,   the  provisions   of   a   statute,   if   clear   and  unambiguous, are to be read as they are and the  plain   and   unambiguous   meaning,   which   is  indicative of the legislative intent, is to be  given effect. There is nothing in Section 3 of  the MTP Act which provides for the termination  of   a   pregnancy,   the   length   of   which  exceeds  twenty   weeks.   If   the   Legislature   had   intended  Page 24 of 34 R/SCR.A/4255/2015 CAV JUDGMENT so, it would have been so enacted. The function  of the Court is only to expound the law and not  to legislate. It cannot read into the law what  has   not   been   either   enacted,   or   intended.  Section   3   of   the   MTP   Act   is   a   clear­cut  provision of law which specifically provides for  the   termination   of   a   pregnancy,   clearly  specifying   the   length   of   such   pregnancy,   not  exceeding twenty weeks. The proposition advanced  by Mr.Popat that  Section  3 is not  a mandatory  provision,   is   not   convincing.   The   clear   and  unambiguous   provisions   of   a   statute   are   to   be  followed as they are, being the law of the land.  No discretion has been granted to  any Court or  authority   in   Section   3,   to   deviate   from   its  provisions. The submission that Section 3 of the  MTP   Act   is   a   discretionary   provision,   is  untenable.

34. Another relevant aspect is that in the present  case,   there   is   no   opinion   of   any   registered  medical practitioner that the continuance of the  pregnancy of the victim would involve a risk to  her   life   or   grave   injury   to   her   physical   or  Page 25 of 34 R/SCR.A/4255/2015 CAV JUDGMENT mental  health. Nor  has  it  been  opined  that  if  the  child  were born, it would suffer  from any  physical   or   mental   abnormalities   as   to   be  seriously handicapped. In any case, even under  the   above   situations,   an   opinion   to   terminate  the pregnancy can only be formed if the length  of the pregnancy does not exceed twenty weeks.  In the present case, the length of the pregnancy  now   exceeds   twenty   four   weeks.   There   is   no  medical   opinion   that   the   termination   of   the  pregnancy is immediately necessary to save the  life of the pregnant woman as per Section 5 of  the   MTP   Act.   Viewed   from   every   angle,   the  provisions   of   the   MTP   Act  do   not   permit   the  termination of the pregnancy of the victim. 

35. It has been submitted by the learned counsel for  the petitioners that the victim's elder sister  is   mentally   challenged   and   there   may   be   a  possibility   that   the   child,   when   born,   would  suffer   from   mental   abnormalities.   When   the  victim,   herself,   is   mentally   and   physically  sound,   such   a   submission   is,   at   best,   only   a  conjectural   one.   The   Sonography   Report   dated  Page 26 of 34 R/SCR.A/4255/2015 CAV JUDGMENT 10.07.2015   states   "no   obvious   congenital   fatal  anomalies are seen". The Haemogram profile shows  that the haemoglobin of the victim is below the  required level. That situation, however, can be  rectified   with   proper   diet   and   medicines   and  cannot be said to constitute a serious threat to  the life of the victim, in the context of her  pregnancy. 

36. It   has   been   pointed   out   to   the   Court   by   the  learned counsel for the petitioners that in the  report of the Gynecologist, it has been stated  that, though the pregnancy of the victim cannot  be terminated  as  per the  MTP  Act,  however,  if  the Court so directs, it can be terminated after  making proper arrangements for blood. With due  respect   to   the   Gynecologist,   the   Court   is  required to see what is legally permissible and  not   what   is   possible   dehors   the   legal  provisions.   A   thing   that   may   be   possible  medically, may not be permissible legally. One  such   example   is   the   sex   determination   of   a  foetus. It may be medically possible but it is  prohibited by law. Therefore, to say that what  Page 27 of 34 R/SCR.A/4255/2015 CAV JUDGMENT cannot be done in terms of the MTP Act can be  done if the Court so directs, is a contradiction  in terms. The Court cannot direct anything to be  done that is not permissible in law. 

37. As   regards   the   legal   position,   the   above  discussion   leads   only   to   one   conclusion,   and  that is that since the length of the pregnancy  of   the   victim   is   over   twenty­four   weeks,   this  Court cannot permit its termination in view of  the provisions of Section 3 of the MTP Act. 

38. Under   the   circumstances,   the   impugned   order  dated   10.07.2015,   passed   by   the   learned  Additional Sessions Judge, Sabarkantha, does not  suffer from any error of law. Consequently, the  application cannot be accepted. 

39. Having   arrived   at   the   above   conclusion,   this  Court is painfully conscious of the implications  of the decision on the life of the victim. The  girl is only fourteen years old, is a student of  Standard­X and has her  whole life ahead of her.  The economic condition of the petitioners (her  parents)   is   weak   and   they   can   ill­afford   the  Page 28 of 34 R/SCR.A/4255/2015 CAV JUDGMENT additional burden of the child. The pregnancy is  unwanted   and   is   the   result   of   rape.   The  physical,   mental,   emotional   and   psychological  trauma faced by the victim is formidable. 

40. Rape   is   a   crime   not   only   against   a   woman   but  against humanity at large as it brings out the  most   brutal,   depraved   and   hideous   aspects   of  human nature. It leaves a scar on the psyche of  the victim and an adverse impact on society. In  the   present   case,   the   rape   suffered   by   the  victim   has   left   a   more   visible   impact­   an  unwanted   child.   Only   the   sufferer   knows   the  extent of the suffering. But sometimes, there is  no other option  but  to  go  through  the  trauma,  such   as   in   the   present   case.   It   is   heart­ wrenching to imagine the situation of the victim  and   what   lies   ahead   of   her.   Her   welfare   is,  therefore, the  paramount consideration for this  Court. It would be in the best interest of the  victim   if   she   manages   to   continue   with   her  studies   after   the   child   is   born.   The   State  Government can be requested to provide help for  herself and her child and its upbringing. There  Page 29 of 34 R/SCR.A/4255/2015 CAV JUDGMENT is   also   the   factor   of   social   stigma,   society  being as it is. This has to be countered boldly  by all concerned. Whatever has happened to the  victim   and   whatever   its   consequences,   are   not  her fault at all. She cannot, and should not, be  blamed   for   it.   She   needs   the   support   of   the  authorities and enlightened citizens of society,  more than anything else. She, too, deserves to  be educated, dream her dreams, and, in times to  come, have a home and family of her own, just  like any other young girl. Humanity and society  should assist, her and others like her, in this  regard. 

41. It   is   highly   unfortunate   that   the   victim   has  been made to undergo this trauma, allegedly at  the   hands   of   a   person   who   professes   to   be   a  doctor   and   a   healer.   If   the   allegations   are  proved, it would be a case where the healer has  turned predator, a blot on the noble profession  to which he belongs. While satisfying his lust,  the   doctor   had   little   regard   for   the  consequences   of   his   bestial   and   depraved   act  upon   the   life   of   the   hapless   and   innocent  Page 30 of 34 R/SCR.A/4255/2015 CAV JUDGMENT victim. It is something she has to live with for  the rest of her life. The concerned authorities  ought to take note and take the strictest action  in such cases. 

42. There is also the issue of the child that is yet  to   be   born.   Whatever   be   the   circumstances   in  which   the   child   was   conceived,   whatever   the  trauma   of   the   young   mother,   the   fact   remains  that the child is also not to blame for being  conceived. It did not ask to be born. When the  child   is   born   it   should   not   be   abandoned   or  neglected. Proper provisions are required to be  made for its welfare, education and upbringing.  The child is innocent, just like the victim, its  mother. 

43. The Court is fully aware of the hard realities  of   life   that   the   victim   is   facing   and   would  face,   in   future.   The   trauma,   mental   agony   and  fear of social ostracism can take a toll of any  person, what to speak of an innocent fourteen­  year old girl. As stated hereinabove, there is  no other legal option but for her to go through  Page 31 of 34 R/SCR.A/4255/2015 CAV JUDGMENT with   the   pregnancy,   which   is   over   twenty­four  weeks in length. 

44. In giving birth to the child, the victim and her  parents are required to be given full assistance  and co­operation by the Government authorities,  at   every   level.   To   this   end,   this   Court  considers it appropriate to issue the following  directions:­

1) The Collector, Sabarkantha, shall ensure  that arrangements are made to provide proper  diet,   medical   supervision   and   medicines   as  may   be   necessary,   to   the   victim   throughout  the duration of her pregnancy. When the time  for   delivery   arrives,     proper   medical  facilities   be   made   available   to   effect   a  safe delivery.

2) Though   the   studies   of   the   victim   are  bound   to   be   interrupted   for   some   time,  however,   the   Collector,   Sabarkantha,   shall  try to ensure that she continues her studies  even after the birth of the child, maybe as  a private student, if it is not possible for  Page 32 of 34 R/SCR.A/4255/2015 CAV JUDGMENT her to study as a regular student for some  time.

3) The Collector, Sabarkantha, shall ensure  that the child, when born, is not abandoned  or neglected. He should also keep a watch to  ensure that no harm comes to the child. If  the   victim   and   her   parents   so   permit,  efforts   can   be   made   for   the   child   to   be  adopted in case the victim does not want to,  or   is   unable   to,   bear   the   burden   of   its  upbringing.   The   services   of   a   reputed   NGO  can be availed of in this regard.

4) In addition to the amount of Rs.25,000/­  ordered   to   be   given   to   the   victim   by   the  Sessions Court as interim compensation, the  State Government shall pay her an amount of  Rs.1,00,000/­.

5) The court is informed that Dr.Jatinbhai  K. Mehta, the accused in connection with the  FIR,   being   I­C.R.No.060/2015,   registered  with   the   Talod   Police   Station,   District: 

Sabrakantha,   has   been   arrested.   If   not,  steps  be  taken  to  arrest   him.  The   District  Page 33 of 34 R/SCR.A/4255/2015 CAV JUDGMENT Superintendent of Police, Sabarkantha, shall  supervise the investigation of the case and  ensure that it is completed expeditiously.
6) A   copy   of   this   order,   along   with   the  details   of   the   accused   Dr.Jatinbhai   K.  Mehta,   be   sent   to   the   Medical   Council   of  India for information and further necessary  action, as required.

45. With   the   above   directions,   the   petition   stands rejected. Rule is discharged.

(SMT. ABHILASHA KUMARI, J.) sunil Page 34 of 34