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[Cites 12, Cited by 0]

Delhi District Court

State vs . Laxmi Prashad Fir 397/14 (57298/16) on 24 August, 2018

State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16)




       IN THE COURT OF SHRI MANISH YADUVANSHI
      ADDITIONAL SESSIONS JUDGE ­05: WEST : DELHI.
      IN THE MATTER OF 
     Case No. 57298/16
     FIR No. 397/14
     PS  Vikas Puri
     U/s  302 IPC

     STATE  

                     VERSUS

     LAXMI PRASAD 
     S/O SH.PATTU
     R/O JHGGI NO. 415, NEAR LAVATORY, 
     INDIRA CAMP NO.5, E BLOCK, 
     VIKAS PURI, NEW DELHI.  

         Date of Institution                               :  19.09.2014                   
         Date of Reserving Judgment                        :  20.08.2018
         Date of Judgment                                  :  24.08.2018
         Offence Complained of                             :  U/s 302 IPC


Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 1  of  58
 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16)




                                                                 
         Offence Charged with                              :  U/s 302 IPC


JUDGMENT 
1.

  Accused  Laxmi  Prasad  has been facing trial for committing  the offence Punishable U/s 302 IPC

PROSECUTION'S CASE :

2.  The Prosecution's case commenced upon receipt of  DD no.9A  on 05.06.2014  by  ASI   Rajbir   Singh.  He   alongwith  Ct.Satbir,  went   to Indira Camp No.5, E Block, Vikas Puri, New Delhi, where they came to know that the injured had been taken to  DDU hospital  by PCR officials. Thereafter,  ASI Rajbir  Singh and Ct.Satbir  went to  DDU hospital where the doctor had declared the injured Ghanty @ Suresh S/o  Sh.Ladu  Ram  'brought  dead'  vide  MLC no. 5748/14.  No eye witness   met   in   the   hospital.   They   came   back   to   the   spot   where Insp.Mahesh Kumar  met them alongwith the complainant  Smt.Pinki Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 2  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) W/o late Sh.Munna. IO recorded her statement wherein she stated that she had been residing with her brother  Suresh @ Ghanty & mother.

On 05.06.2014, at about 04:30 AM, her brother Ghanty came to the house while running and informed that he went to answer the call of nature on the road in front of  Lok Vihar Apartment, where accused Laxmi, who is residing in the same Colony was already present, had quarreled  with  him.   He had given  injuries  on  his  stomach  with  a sharp object.  His brother Ghanty also stated to her that this accused Laxmi  had   earlier   also   quarreled   with   him.   Thereafter,  Suresh   @ Ghanty  became   unconscious.   This   witness   informed   about   the incident   to   one   boy   namely  Anshul  who   was   residing   in   her neighbourhood, who reached her house and informed the Police, at number  100.   PCR   Van   reached   and   took   the   injured   to   hospital. Anshul  had   also   reached   the   hospital   alongwith   the   injured. Thereafter, he informed on telephone to her mother that the doctor had declared the injured 'brought dead'.  This witness further stated that prior to one month of this incident, accused had quarrel with her Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 3  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) brother  Suresh  @  Ghanty  but  they  had  not  informed  the  police,  it being a  personal matter. Since then the accused had enmity with her brother and quarreled several times prior to the incident.  

3. IO prepared rukka and sent Ct.Satbir for getting registration of the present  FIR U/s 302 IPC.  Site Plan  was prepared by the IO at the instance  of  complainant.  He got  the  Postmortem  conducted  on  the deadbody of deceased. After conducting Postmortem, the deadbody was handedover to relatives. Exhibits were handedover by the doctor to the IO. 

4.During investigation, at the pointing out of Naresh Kumar, brother of   deceased,   accused  Laxmi   Pd.  was   arrested   from   near  Galaxy Apartment Market vide Arrest Memo.  His personal search was also conducted.   The   accused   got   recorded   his  disclosure   statement wherein he disclosed about the present incident.  Pointing out memo of   the   place   of   incident   was   prepared   at   the   instance   of   accused. Thereafter, accused got recovered one Screw driver (पपचकस) from the bushes   of  Khatta   Lok   Vihar   Apartment  which   was   having   blood Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 4  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) stains. Sketch was prepared. The same was sealed with the seal of MK.  

5. The doctor had opined the cause of death as due to complications (shock  and  intestinal  perforation)  of  the  injury  over  the  abdomen. The doctor had also given the opinion regarding alleged weapon of offence that the injuries on deceased Suresh @ Ghanty can be caused by the above described alleged weapon of offence. Exhibits were sent to  FSL,   Rohini.  Statements   of   witnesses  U/s   161   Cr.P.C.  were recorded.   After   completion   of   investigation,   the   Charge­sheet   was filed and the present case was committed to the Sessions Court.  CHARGE :

6.  On  20.10.2014, Charge has been framed against accused for the offence  U/s 302 IPC, to which he pleaded  not guilty  and claimed trial.

 PROSECUTION EVIDENCE:

7. To prove its case, Prosecution has cited 19 witnesses out of whom Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 5  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) 17 witnesses have been examined before the Court. 

8. On 14.07.2017, Ld.Prosecutor dropped the witness no.7/Ct.Satbir as PW­16/SI Rajbir Singh had been examined on the same facts.

9. The Table as below shall broadly indicate the name of the witness, his/her   role   as   per   prosecution   and   short   gist   of   their testimonies/documents proved through them. 

S.No. Name   of                   Evidence
      Witness/Natu
      re
PW­ Ms.Pinki                    She has supported the case of the Prosecution.
1   (Complaina                  She deposed all the facts as stated by her in her
    nt/sister   of              statement  to  the  Police  U/s  161  Cr.P.C.   She
    deceased)                   has   proved   her   statement  Ex.PW­1/A  and
                                identified her signatures at Point A. 
                                        She   deposed   that   on  05.06.2014  at   about

04:00   AM,   her   brother  Suresh  went   to   ease himself at the drain near Lok Vihar Apartment.

Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 6  of  58

State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16)             At about 04:30 AM, his brother came to the house and told her as well as her mother that accused  Laxmi   Pd.   had   hit   him   with   some pointed   object.   Her   brother   did   not   disclose from   which   side   accused  Laxmi   Pd.   came.

Thereafter, they called their neighbourer Anshul and he came to their house and in his presence also, her brother told that  Laxmi Pd. had given him injury.

          Deceased had further told that Laxmi Pd.

had   also   given   him   injuries   prior   to   this incident. 

             Thereafter, Anshul called the police at number 100, who came at the spot and recorded his statement. Anshul took her brother Suresh to DDU hospital. From the hospital,  Anshul made a Phone call to one of their neighbour intimating that  Suresh  has   expired.   She   further   deposed that when her brother Suresh came to the house, he   was   having  injury   on   the   right   side  of   his abdomen.

Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 7  of  58

State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16)             On the point of identification of accused Laxmi Pd., this witness deposed that she did not know the accused prior to the incident and she came   to   know   about   him   after   her   brother disclosed about him to her. 

  

PW­ Smt.Sundar This   witness   also   supported   the   case   of 2 i (mother of Prosecution   and   deposed   the   same   facts   as deceased) deposed   by  PW­1.   Furthermore,   she   has identified   the   accused   before   the   Court.   She further deposed that earlier she had not lodged any   complaint   before  the   police  regarding  the quarrel and beatings given to her son Suresh @ Ghanti  by   the   accused  Laxmi  as   they   were residing in the same locality. 

PW­ Sanjay On  05.06.2014, he was called by  Insp.Mahesh 3 Kumar(Pho of  PS   Vikas   Puri  to   take   Photographs   of tographer) Postmortem   examination   process   at   Mortuary, DDU   hospital.   He   took   Photographs   of Postmortem examination being conducted there from his digital camera.   He got developed the photographs   from   the   lab   and   handedover  27 Photographs  to  Insp.Mahesh. He identified the photographs Ex.PW­3/A.1 to Ex.PW­3/A.27.   

Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 8  of  58

State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) PW­ Dr.Komal This witness has deposed that on 05.06.2014, he 4 Singh  conducted  the Postmortem examination  on the deadbody of deceased and prepared P.M.Report Ex.PW­4/A.   He also examined the weapon of offence and Postmortem report and found that the injury no.1 could be caused by the weapon under   examination.   He   proved   his   opinion   as Ex.PW­4/B.  PW­ Dr.Naorem On  05.06.2014,   at   05:50   AM,  injured  Ghanti 5 Bobo   Singh was brought in the hospital in unresponsive state (SR) by ASI Satya Narayan, PCR.  He examined the Casulaty, injured   and   found   him   unresponsive   and   was DDU declared brought dead.  He proved the MLC of hospital Ghanti as Ex.PW­5/A.   PW­ HC This witness has proved the computer generated 6 Dharmendr copy of FIR as Ex.PW­6/D, his endorsement on a   Kumar rukka  as  Ex.PW­6/A, Register containing  DD (Duty no.14A   as   Ex.PW­6/B  and   True   copy   of  DD officer) no.14A as Ex.PW­6/C.  Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 9  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) PW­7 Ct.Gurdawar This witness had delivered the copy of FIR of this case at the resident of Area MM and Senior Police Officers on 05.06.2014. 

PW­8 ASI   Sanjay On 05.06.2014, at about  05:08 AM, a call Toppo was transmitted to this witness from Police (Computer Control   Room   Channel   who   further operator) transmitted the said call on the  PCR Van Power   58   at   05:10   AM,   which   was regarding   quarrel   at  Indira   Camp   No.5, Vikas   Puri.   This   witness   has   proved   the PCR   form   no.1   as   Ex.PW­8/A   and Certificate   U/s   65B   of   the   Indian Evidence Act as Ex.PW­8/B.   PW­9 ASI   Om This witness had prepared the scaled Site Prakash Plan   of   the   spot   as  Ex.PW­9/A  and (Assistant handedover   the   same   to   the   IO   on Draughtsman 11.08.2014.  

Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 10  of  58

State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) PW­10 Naresh This witness has identified the deadbody of Kumar(brothe deceased vide his Statement  Ex.PW­10/A r of deceased) and   receipt  Ex.PW­10/B.   He   has   also proved the Arrest memo of accused Laxmi Pd.  as  Ex.PW­10/C  and seizure memo of Screw driver  as  Ex.PW­10/D. Further, he has   identified   the  Screw   Driver  in   the Court as Ex.PW­10/1. 

           This witness was cross­examined by the Ld.Addl.P.P. wherein he has identified his   signatures   at  Point   A  on   the   Seizure memo   of  Screw  Driver  Ex.PW­10/D.  He deposed that he did not know if police had prepared   sketch   and   Seizure   memo   of Screw driver  Ex.PW­10/1.   He denied the suggestion  that he is deliberately evading reply to the question  regarding seizure of screw   driver   and   preparation   of   Seizure memo.  

            The attention of the witness was also drawn   towards   statement  U/s   161   Cr.P.C.

Ex.PW­10/E   from  Portion  X   to  X1  and  he denied that he stated to the police regarding the fact of sealing and seizing of screw driver.  

Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 11  of  58

State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) PW­11 Ms.Anita This   witness   has   proved   Biological Chhari,   SSO Examination   Report   of   case   exhibits   as (Biology) Ex.PW­11/A  and   Serological   Report   as FSL, Rohini. Ex.PW­11/B  and   also   identified   her signatures   at  Point   A.   She   has   deposed that on Biological examination, blood was detected on exhibits (1) Screw driver, 2(a) Banyan,   2(b)   Under   wear,   (3)   Blood sample and (4) Blood in gauze.  

          On Serologically examination, blood group "B" was detected on all the exhibits except exhibit 1 Screw Driver & exhibit 3 Blood sample.  

PW­12 ASI On  04.06.2014   at   about   05:11   AM,  on Satyanarayan receiving call from control room regarding quarrel at  Indira Camp No.5, Vikas Puri, this   witness   alongwith   PCR   officials reached the spot where the injured Ghanti @ Ganje  was found  in injured  condition having injuries on his belly.   The injured was   taken   to   DDU   hospital   by   him   and Anshul where he was declared as dead.  

Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 12  of  58

State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) PW­13  Ct.Madan On  07.08.2014,  on   the   direction   of Lal  IO/Insp.Mahesh,   he   had   taken   one   Parcel stated to be containing weapon of offence from  MHC(M)  vide  RC No. 41/21/14 and handedover   the   same   to  Dr.Komal   Singh, DDU   hospital   and   thereafter,   he handedover   the   copy   of   RC   to   the MHC(M). 

       On 12.08.2014, he again obtained four Sample   seal   vide  RC   no.   42/21/14  and deposited   the   same   in   intact   condition   at FSL, Rohini  under receipt. He handedover the copy of  RC to MHC(M)  on that very day.   

PW­14 HC   Lahari On  05.06.2014,  Insp.Mahesh   Kumar  had Ram deposited with him four Parcels and sample MHC(M) seal   duly   sealed   with   the   seal   of  DFMT DDU hospital.  One Parcel was sealed with the seal of MK. Personal search articles of accused Laxmi Pd. was also deposited.  He made   entry   in   register   no.19   at   Srl.No. 1762.

Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 13  of  58

State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16)                On 07.08.2014, he had given one Parcel sealed with the seal of MK stated to be   containing   weapon   of   offence   to Ct.Madan   Lal  for   opinion   vide   RC   no.

41/21/14, which was received on the same day   and   he   made   entry   in   this   regard   in front of entry no. 1762. 

                On 12.08.2014, exhibits of this case i.e. four parcels and four sample seals were given to  Ct.Madan Lal for depositing the   same   with  FSL,   Rohni  vide  RC   no.

42/21/14 and the same was deposited on the same day under receipt. 

            On 15.05.2015, result was received through  Ct.Mohd.Shariq  alongwith   four Parcels and he handedover the same to the IO.  

        This witness has proved the Photocopy of entry no. 1762 dt. 05.06.2014 as Ex.PW­14/A, Photocopies   of   RC   no.  41/21/14   as   Ex.PW­ 14/B   and     42/21/14   as   Ex.PW­14/C  and photocopy   of   acknowledgement   of   case property as Ex.PW­14/D. Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 14  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) PW­15 Anshul This witness has deposed that about  2 ­ 2½ (neighbour years back, at about 04:30 or 05:00 AM, he of deceased) was sleeping in his house. Pinki came to his Jhuggi   and   told   that  Laxmi  had   caused injuries  to her brother by some sharp object in his stomach.  She also told that Suresh @ Ghanti was lying at the door of his house. He told  Pinki to call at  100 number. Thereafter, he had reached the house of injured and saw that  Suresh   @   Ghanti  was   lying   near   the door   of   his   house.  Pinki  called   on  100 number  through  some Phone. Police Gypsy came   there   and   took   the   injured   to  DDU hospital,  where   the   doctor   declared   him dead.   He also   accompanied  with  injured  to the hospital.   Thereafter, he made call from the hospital  to mother  of  Suresh  @ Ghanti and told her that Suresh had expired. 

       This witness has identified the deadbody of deceased vide Statement Ex.PW­15/A and handing over memo Ex.PW­10/B.                     This witness was cross­examined by the   Ld.Addl.P.P.for   the   State   wherein   he denied the suggestion that he made call at   Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 15  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) 100 number and told that injuries were caused to   a   male   person   by   some   sharp   object   and police   official   be   sent.     He   admitted   that accused  Laxmi Pd.had also previously, before this   incident,   caused   injuries   to  Suresh   @ Ghanti  in   his   stomach   by   screw   driver.     He voluntarily deposed that the said fact was told to him by mother of  Suresh. He had not seen accused  Laxmi   Pd.causing   injuries   to  Suresh @   Ghanti  on   the   previous   occasion.   He admitted that the incident was of the year 2014. He denied that he stated to the police officials that   he   made   a   call   at  100  number   and   told them that injuries were caused to a male person by   some   sharp   object   and   police   official   be sent.    

Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 16  of  58

State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) PW­ SI   Rajbir This   witness   has   deposed   about   all   the 16 Singh   (1st investigation conducted by him.  He proved the IO) following documents :

(1) Statement of Pinki Ex.PW­1/A;
(2) Tehrir Ex.PW­16/A; 
(3) Site Plan prepared at the instance of  Pinki Ex.PW­16/B;
(4) Arrest Memo, Personal Search Memo and Disclosure statement of accused  Ex.PW­10/C, Ex.PW­16/C and Ex.PW­16/D;
(5) Sketch of Screw Driver Ex.PW­16/E; 
(6)   Seizure   memo   of   Screw   Driver  Ex.PW­ 10/D and  (7)   Opinion   regarding   weapon   of   offence Ex.PW­4/B.                 This witness has also identified the Screw driver  Ex.P.10/1  and Cloth Pullanda in which Screw driver was produced before him by Dr.Komal Ex.PW­16/1 before the Court. 
Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 17  of  58

State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) PW­ Insp.Mahesh Being   second   IO   of   this   case,   he   has   also 17  Kumar   (2nd deposed about the investigation conducted by IO) him and proved the following documents :

(1) Site Plan Ex.PW­16/B;
(2)   Request   letter   regarding   conducting   of Postmortem   examination  Ex.PW­17/A;  Brief facts  Ex.PW­17/B; Form 25.35 Ex.PW­17/C and   Identification   Statements  Ex.PW­15/A and Ex.PW­10/A;
(3) Postmortem report Ex.PW­4/A;
(4) Seizure memo of clothes of deceased, blood sample and sample seal Ex.PW­17/D;
(5)   Photographs   of   Postmortem   examination proceedings Ex.PW­3/A.1 to Ex.PW­3/A.27; (6) Arrest Memo, Personal Search Memo and Disclosure statement of accused  Ex.PW­10/C, Ex.PW­16/C and Ex.PW­16/D;
(7)   Pointing   out   memo   of   place   of   incident Ex.PW­10/B;
(8) Sketch of Screw driver Ex.PW­16/E;
Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 18  of  58

State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) (9) Site Plan Ex.PW­17/E;

(10)   Seizure   memo   of   Pullanda   of   Screw driver  Ex.PW­17/D;

(11)   Scaled   Map   of   place   of   incident Ex.PW­9/A;

(12)  His  application  to  the  office  of  CMO alongwith Road Certificate seeking opinion regarding the weapon of offence i.e. Screw driver Ex.PW­17/F;

(13) Opinion of doctor Ex.PW­4/B;

(14) PCR form Mark PW­17/G;

(15) Copy of  RC no. 42/21/14 Mark PW­ 17/H regarding deposition of Samples in the FSL. 

(16)   Copy   of   acknowledgement   from   FSL Ex.PW­17/I and  (17)   Result   from   FSL  Ex.PW­11/A   and   Ex.

PW­11/B  and deposited by this witness before the Court vide his application Ex.PW­17/J.             This witness has also identified the Screw driver before the Court as Ex.P.1.

Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 19  of  58

State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) DEFENCE :

10.  The incriminating circumstances produced by the Prosecution in the testimonies  of  PW­1 to PW­17  were put to the accused in his Statement U/s 313 Cr.P.C., wherein he denied all the questions put to him.  He stated that he was arrested from Minocha Apartment, Vikas Puri,   where   he   had   gone   to   attend   his   duty   as  Plumber  and   no weapon was recovered from him.  He further stated that he is innocent and never had any quarrel or fight with the deceased ever in his life.

Further, on the date of incident, he never visited the place of incident. There are many people by name of Laxmi in his vicinity.  He did not know why PW­1 and PW­2 accused him for the alleged incident.   DEFENCE EVIDENCE :    

11. Accused has produced two witnesses in his defence.
12. DW­1 is Sh.Munna Lal who is stated to be working as Plumber in Manocha   Society,  Vikas  Puri  and   according  to   him   on  5th  day  of month of June of the Year which he did not recollect, he was on duty Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 20  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) at 06:00 AM when accused also joined his duty at 06:10 AM.  After 5 to 10 minutes, the Security Guard informed this witness that some police officials with the brother and Jija of accused had come to the Society and asking for him.  The witness instructed the accused to go and check about the information.  When the accused went outside the gate, he saw that the Police apprehended the accused.   He produced copy of Attendance Register (relevant Page) which is Mark DW­1/2. Original register is not produced. 
13.  His second witness is  DW­2/ Sh.Sukhlal  i.e. real brother of the accused.  According to him, on 05.06.2014, accused was in his house in the entire night and left in the morning to attend his work when it was  still  two  or  three  minutes  to  06:00  AM.   At 07:00  AM,  two Police  officials  came   to  his  house  inquiring  about  his  brother  and asked him to accompany them.   He was taken to  PS Vikas Puri  in Police vehicle and from there, he was taken to  Manocha Apartment where his brother was arrested. 
14.  All   the   incriminating   evidence   was   put   to   the   accused   in   his Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 21  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) statement  U/s   313   Cr.P.C.  wherein   he   denied   the   case   of   the Prosecution.   He stated that on  05.06.2014, he was sleeping  in his Jhuggi and did not visit the place of incident.  He further stated that he was arrested from  Manocha Apartment, Vikas Puri where he had gone to attend his duty as  Plumber  and no weapon was recovered from him. He had never any quarrel or fight with the deceased.  There are many people by the name of Laxmi in their vicinity and he did not know why PW­1 and PW­2 accused him for the alleged incident.  
15. This Court has heard Ms.Nimmi Sisodia, Ld.Prosecutor in support of the Prosecution's case and Sh.P.S.Rana, ld. counsel for accused. 
16. Record has been perused carefully.  
 ARGUMENTS BY LD.PROSECUTOR :
17. Ms.Nimmi Sisodia, Ld.Prosecutor has urged that despite apparent discrepancies in statement of PW­1 and her mother PW­2 as well as PW­15, the fact remains that the common thread running through the testimonies of each of these three witnesses  is that the Victim had Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 22  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) stepped out of his house early in the morning on 05.06.2014 when he had gone to ease himself and returned running in an injured condition and   that   he   provided   description   of   the   person   who   injured   him besides providing the motive i.e. 'past altercation'. 
18.  The   said   person,   according   to   the   Prosecution,   is   undoubtedly established as the accused  Laxmi Pd.   The motive behind his act of stabbing the Victim on his abdomen is stated to be, regardless of the contradiction qua the time gap of previous quarrel, is said to be the some previous quarrel which took place between the present accused and the deceased. 
19.  The   Prosecutor   therefore   urges   paramount   importance   to   this Dying declaration  which is sought to be proved through  PW­1 and PW­15. 
 
ARGUMENTS BY LD.DEFENCE COUNSEL : 
20.  The defence has vehemently contended that no case U/s 302 IPC is proven against the accused.  It is contended that none of the witness Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 23  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) had seen the accused committing the crime.   The incident is said to have   taken   place   in   the   early   morning   of  05.06.2014  and   there   is absence   of   any   other   eye   witness.   It   is   contended   that   there   are presence of grave contradictions among the statement of PW­1, PW­ 2 and PW­15 thereby negating belief on either of them.  It is urged that   in   contrast   to   statement  Ex.PW­1/A,   PW­1  has   gone   on improving   her   testimony   by   introducing   her   mother/PW­2  as   the person who found the Victim alive and also her version of so called Dying   Declaration  for   the   first   time   in   the   Court.   Here   also,   the defence has urged the Court to take into account the different time of the events which PW­1 and PW­2 have stated. Likewise, qua PW­15, it is urged that he never says either to the police during investigation or in this Court on oath that he ever became the witness to the Dying Declaration  in the life time of the Victim.  It is therefore submitted that  the  Court  must  not   rely  on  such  uncorroborated  and  disputed piece  of evidence, even  though  it might  be admissible  as  a  Dying Declaration.   The defence therefore has, straightway attacked on the Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 24  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) very foundation of this case i.e. the authenticity of the alleged Dying Declaration vis a vis the conflicting testimonies of PW­1, PW­2 and PW­15.  
FINDINGS :
21.  As it  would  be  apparent by  now, the present  case is primarily based not on an eye witness account or even circumstantial evidence but on a  Dying Declaration.  This  Dying Declaration  in the present case is stated to be an oral dying declaration that, if  PW­1  is to be believed,   was   made   in   the   presence   of  PW­1  herself,   her   mother Smt.Sundari/PW­2 and secondly repeated again after the brief spell of unconscious   of   the   deceased   in   the   presence   of  PW­15  namely Anshul.  
22.  The question that arise for consideration in accordance to Section 354 (1) (B) of Cr.P.C. is :
 Whether the accused Laxmi Pd. Committed murder of the Victim Suresh @ Ghanty in the manner complained of ? 
Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 25  of  58
State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16)
23.  Before I proceed any further, it is necessary to mention here the relevant Sections in this regard. Culpable homicide is defined under Section 299 IPC which reads as under:
299. Culpable homicide. ­­­  Whoever causes death by doing an act with the intention of causing death, or with the intention of causing such bodily injury as is likely to cause death or with the knowledge that he is likely by such act to cause death, commits the offence of culpable homicide. 

Illustrations

(a)     Always   sticks   and   turf   over   a   pit,   with   the intention   of   thereby   causing   death,   or   with   the knowledge that death is likely to be thereby caused. Z believing the ground to be firm, treads on it, falls in and is killed. A has committed the offence of culpable homicide.

(b)  A knows Z to be behind a bush. B does not know it A, intending to cause, or with the knowing it to be likely to cause Z's death, includes B to fire at the bush.

Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 26  of  58

State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) B  fires   and   kills  Z.   here  B  may   be   guilty   of   no offence; but A has committed the offence of culpable homicide. 

(c)  A, by shooting at a fowl with intent to kill and steal it, kills B who is behind a bush; A not knowing that   he   was   there.   Here,   although  A  was   doing   an unlawful act, he was not guilty of culpable homicide, as he did not intend to kill  B, or to cause death by doing an act that he knew was likely to cause death. Explanation 1. - A person who causes bodily injury to another who is labouring under a disorder, disease or bodily infirmity, and thereby accelerates the death of   that   other,   shall   be   deemed   to   have   caused   his death. 

Explanation   2.   -   Where   death   is   caused   by   bodily injury, the person who causes such bodily injury shall be   deemed   to   have   caused   the   death,   although   by resorting to proper remedies and skillful treatment the death might have been prevented. 

Explanation 3 - The causing of the death of child in Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 27  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) the   mother's   womb   is   not   homicide.   But   it   may amount to culpable homicide to cause the death of a living child, if any part of that child has been brought forth, though the child may not have breathed or been completely born.  

24.  Culpable homicide is first kind of unlawful homicide.

It is causing of death by doing (i) an act with the intention of causing death; (ii) an act with the intention of causing such bodily injury as is likely to cause death;  (iii) an act with   the   knowledge   that   it   was   likely   to   cause   death. Proceeding   further,  Section   300   IPC  is   a   species   of Section   299  and   it   defines   murder.   It   is   important   to mention   here   that   the   charge   so   framed   against   the accused  persons  is a charge for murder which has been defined under Section 300 IPC which reads as under:

300. Murder - Except the cases hereinafter excepted, culpable homicide is murder,  if  the  act  by  which the   death   is   caused   is   done   with   the   intention   of Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 28  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) causing death, or - 

Secondly. - If it is done with the intention of causing such bodily injury as the offender knows to be likely to cause the death of the person to whom the harm is cause, or  - 

Thirdly. - If it is done with the intention of causing bodily   injury   to   any   person   and   the   bodily   injury intended to be inflicted is sufficient in the ordinary course of nature to cause death, or - 

Fourthly. - If the person committing the act knows that it is so imminently dangerous that it must, in all probability, cause death or such bodily injury as is likely to cause death, and commits such act without any excuse for incurring the risk of causing death or such injury as aforesaid. 

Illustrations

(a)     A shoots Z with the intention of killing him. Z dies in consequence. A commits murder.

(b)     A,   knowing   that   Z   is   labouring   under   such   a disease   that   a   blow   is   likely   to   caused   his   death, Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 29  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) strikes   him   with   the   intention   of   causing   bodily injury; Z dies in consequence of the blow. A is guilty of murder, although  the blow might not have been sufficient in the ordinary course of nature to cause the death of a person in a sound state of health. But if A, not knowing that Z is labouring under any disease, give him such a blow as would not in the ordinary course of nature kill a person in a sound stated of health,   here   A,   although   he   may   intend   to   cause bodily injury, is not guilty of murder, if he did not intend to cause death, or such bodily injury as in the ordinary course of nature would cause death. 

(c)       A   intentionally   gives   Z   a   sword­cut   or   club­ wound sufficient to cause the death of a man in the ordinary   course   of   nature.   Z   dies   in   consequence. Here, A is guilty of murder, although he may not have intended to cause Z's death.

(d)  A without any excuse fires a loaded cannon into a crowd of persons and kills one of them. A is guilty of   murder,   although   he   may   not   have   had   a Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 30  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) premeditated design to kill any particular individual. 

25.   Each of the four clauses as mentioned above, requires that the act which   causes   death   should   be   done   intentionally,   or   with   the knowledge   or   means   of   knowledge   that   death   is   a   natural consequence of the act. An intention to kill is not always necessary to make out a case of murder. A knowledge that the natural and probable consequence of an act would be death will suffice for a conviction under Section 302 IPC.  Reference may be had to  "Santosh, 1975 CrLJ. 602 (SC).  

26.   The intention or knowledge necessary in order to render killing culpable homicide must be clearly prove by the prosecution which can usually be done by proof of the circumstances which prove the act of omission in question for the presumption is that a man knows the probable result of his conduct. 

27.  Before proceeding even further, it is submitted in brief that there is a difference between  culpable homicide and murder. All murders are  culpable homicide, however, all culpable homicide may not be Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 31  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) murder   as   defined   under  Section   300   IPC  and   punishable   under Section 302 IPC. The distinction between these two offences is very ably set forth by   Melveill, J. in Govinda's case [(1876) 1 Bombay 342]   and   Sarkariya   J   in   Punnayya's   case   [State   of   AP   Vs.   R. Punnayya AIR 1977 SC 45].

The facts which reduce murder to culpable homicide are: 

(a)   It   should   have   been   committed   without   pre­ meditation;
(b)   It   should   have   been   committed   upon   a   sudden quarrel;
(c)   It   should   have   been   commission   in   the   heat   of passion;
(d) It should  have been committed without  the offenders  having taken undue advantage or acted in a cruel or unusual manner;

28.  In the Perspective of Law as above, I will once again emphasize the need for reasserting that in the instant case no eye witness account is available nor the IO seems to have made investigation regarding presence of an eye witness from near the road, Lok Vihar Apartment Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 32  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) regarding presence of accused at that time.  Further, the IO does not seem   to   have   made   any   effort   to   verify   whether   the   accused   was indeed present in his house between the time of incident i.e. 04:00 to 05:00 AM at his own house. The Court cannot be oblivious to the fact that as many as two witnesses are produced in defence.  One of them is an interested witness being DW­1.  He is a Plumber by profession employed in Manocha Society in Vikas Puri.  He is a co­worker of the accused  and therefore not a related witness. He has stated that the accused had returned on duty on the day of incident at  06:00 AM. Mark DW­1/2 (unproved) shows that he returned in Society on duty on 05.06.2014 at 06:10 AM as apparently at Point A. 

29.  DW­2,   real   brother   of   accused   is   an   interested   witness   and therefore his testimony is liable to close scrutiny.  Even this witness states that the accused left his house for his work place i.e. Manocha Apartment about 2 to 3 minutes prior to 06:00 AM. 

30. Now the above testimony when seen in the light of testimony of Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 33  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) PW­1 reveals that she did not know the accused prior to the incident. She came to know about the accused only after her brother disclosed about him after the incident. 

31. Likewise, testimony of PW­2 also goes to show that she could not have known the accused prior to the incident. 

32.  So far as  PW­15  is concerned, he also admits that he had never seen the accused causing injury to the deceased prior to the incident. 

33.  It   is   therefore   not   established   on   record   if   any   of   these   three witnesses actually knew anything about the accused Laxmi Pd. since prior to the incident or not. 

34.  What is established  is that  PW­1  is unequivocally  and without doubt stating that he never knew the accused prior to the incident. This   element   is   missing   in   testimony   of  PW­2   and   PW­15. Unfortunately,  neither  the Prosecution  nor the defence has brought about this fact from the mouth of PW­2 in the Court to infer whether atleast they knew the accused since prior to the incident. 

35. I am saying so because I have observed apparent contradictions in Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 34  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) these testimonies which I shall point out in succeeding Paragraphs. The Court has to rule out any motive for false implication.  Any such possibility will go in favour of the accused who is otherwise claiming innocence and false implication. 

36. Thus, in this quest, the Court observes that PW­1 who never knew anything   about   the   accused   said   something   which   is   quite 'improbable'  while   under   cross­examination.     If   she   did   not   know anything about the accused, and if she came to know that the accused was residing in the same locality (after knowing it from her deceased brother), it will be safe to infer that she did not even know as to which Jhuggi  the accused resided in.   However, she makes the following statement viz :

    "The family members of accused Laxmi Pd. Made him run from his Jhuggi in order to save him". 

37.  This   statement   is   missing   in  Ex.PW­1/A  and   therefore   its improbability is very strong.  Coupled with the fact that  PW­2 does not say anything of similar kind, raises a question mark on the said Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 35  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) statement of PW­1. 

38. In the previous Paragraphs, I mentioned about the contradictions that   have   come   in   the   testimonies   of   the   above   three   witnesses regarding the Dying Declaration.  I shall refer to the same now.  

39.  Before I advert to the aspect of Dying Declaration, the following prospective of law is to be clearly understood. 

40. Section 32 (1) of the Indian Evidence Act is as under :

          "When it relates to cause of death - when the statement  is made by a person as to the cause of his death, or as to  any of the circumstances of the transaction which  resulted in his death, in cases in which the cause of that  person's death comes into question. 
                Such statements are relevant whether the person who made them was or was not, at the time when they were  made, under expectation of death, and whatever may be  the nature of the proceeding in which the cause of his  death comes into question". 
Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 36  of  58

State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16)

41. An oral dying declaration includes dying declaration made in any other form except the written one.  The oral evidence of witness as to the   statement   made   by   the   injured   who   died   subsequently   would prove the declaration as dying declaration. 

42. There is no hard and fast rule to judge the authenticity of a dying declaration.   The  dying  declaration  if   in  writing   not   necessarily   is more reliable than oral one.  

43.  The rule is  "Ipsissima verba"  i.e. before a dying declaration is accepted by a court as such, actual words of declarant must be proved which is a very salutary rule. However it cannot be held that unless the actual words repeated by each witness of the declaration, it is not possible  for the court  to come to the conclusion  that the declarant made the declaration or what the import or meaning of the declaration was. 

44.  Under Section 32(1) of the Act  a dying declaration which is in the nature of hearsay evidence is relevant and admissible in evidence sheerly on the basis of principle of necessity.  Though the maker of Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 37  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) the  statement  has  died  after  making  the  statement  yet  the  same  is admissible regarding the cause of his death.  It is not incorrect to say that  a dying  declaration  is  also  one  of  the  best  available  evidence which has been duly recognized by law despite of the fact that it is of hearsay nature. 

45.  The   clear   language   of  Section   32(1)   of   the   Act  read   with observations   the   Apex   Court   suggests   various   propositions   for admissibility of this class of hearsay as :­

                (a) Section 32(1) of the Act is an exception to rule of hearsay.  It makes admissible the statement of a person   who   dies   whether   it   is   homicide   or   suicide provided it relates to the cause of or the circumstances leading to his death. 

                       (b) The test of proximity should not be too literally construed to practically reduce it to a cut and dried   formula   or   universal   application   so   as   to   be confined in a strait jacket. Thus, where death is a logical Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 38  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) culmination of a continuous long drama, a finale of the story,   the   statement   regarding   each   step   directly connected with the death would be admissible.  It would have to be read as an organic whole not torn from the context. Some times statements relevant to or furnishing immediate motive may also be admissible as part of the transaction of death like where death takes place within a very short time of marriage or where the time is not spread over more than 3­4 months. 

                         (c) Second part of the Section 32(1) is yet another   exception   to   the   rule   of   criminal   law   that evidence   or   a   person   who   is   not   subjected   to   cross­ examination by the accused is of no value as the person on   the   verge   of   death   is   not   likely   to   make   a   false statement   unless   there   is   strong   evidence   that   the statement was secured by prompting and/or tutoring. 

                  (d) Section 32(1) does not speak of homicide Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 39  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) alone but includes suicide also and all the circumstances relevant to prove homicide would be equally relevant to prove suicide. 

                      (e)   Where   the   main   evidence   consists   of deceased's statement (s) and letter (s) directly connected with or related to declarant's death revealing a tell tale story, the same would be admissible  as it clearly  falls within the four corners of section 32(1) the distance of time alone in such cases would not make the statement(s) irrelevant. 

46. Dying declaration is an important piece of evidence with regard to concerning circumstances with respect to which the deceased is not likely to be mistaken.  Even if a particular statement of the deceased which  while  it  was  made  by  him  or  put  into  writing  assumed  the character of dying declaration, yet to become admissible it must pass through two tests :­ 

              (a) It must refer to the cause of his death or as to any Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 40  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) of the circumstances of the transaction which resulted in his death; and 

                     (b) It is admitted in evidence only in those cases in which cause of that person's death comes into question. 

47.  It is a pre requisite that the declarant must have died.  

48. However for the purpose of admissibility, it is not necessary that the dying declaration should be recorded by a particular person or it must be in a particular format.  The same has to be evaluated at the time   it   is   considered   by   the   court   as   to   what   evidentiary   value   it carries or how much reliance can be placed on it. 

49. The dying declaration must be complete in so far as it goes to be admitted under Section 32(1) of the Act.  The basic ingredients or a dying  declaration  are   as  to  who  and  in  what  manner  death  of  the declarant was caused or circumstances resulting in his death.  But if any interruption (by death or by intruder) cuts short the statement and the basic material ingredients have not come in it, then fragmentary statement is not admissible what ever the declarant intended to say or Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 41  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) has said.  In a case, the Apex Court observed that where a statement was severable in two parts and none of them was dependent on other so far as correctness was concerned, the court could act upon the part which   it   find   trustworthy   if   from   the   record   it   is   corroborated   on material   aspects   though   the   other   part   was   not   proved   as   correct. (Godhu Vs. State AIR 1974 SC 2188). 

50.  Besides   factors   relevant   for   admissibility   it   is   important   to ascertain   admissible   zone   i.e.   against   whom   such   statements   are admissible.   Admissibility   of   dying   declaration   rests   upon   the principle that a sense of impending death produces in a man's mind the same feeling as that of a conscientious and virtuous man under oath.     Such   statements   are   admitted   considering   that   they   are declarations  made  in  extremity,  when  the  maker  is  at the  point  of death, when every hope of this world is gone, when every motive to false hood is silenced and the mind is induced by the most powerful consideration to speak truth.  The principle on which such statements are   admitted   in   evidence   is   based   on   the   legal   maxim  "Nemo Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 42  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) moriturus Proesumitor mentir" i.e a man would not like to meet his maker with a lie in his mouth. 

51.  In a case the court held that a dying declaration which is not in words of declarant but a mere note of substance of what he said is unsafe for conviction. (Emperor Vs. Sikander AIR 1930 A 532).

52.  Dying  declaration  is   certainly  an  evidence   though   it  is  only   a piece of untested evidence.  Like any other evidence, it must satisfy the court that what is stated therein is unalloyed truth and that it is absolutely safe to act upon it. (Priyalal Vs. S.  AIR 1970 A & N 137). 

53. The courts must be cautious about the circumstances as to when a dying declaration was made, the capacity and opportunity of dying man   to   observe   the   accused   and   narrate   incident,   his   faculty   to remember   and   his   capacity   to   reproduce   the   events.     If   the   dying declaration is not recorded in words of maker, certain tests must be applied   by   the   court.  Dying   declaration  must   be   carefully   and critically  scrutinized  by  the  court  and  the  dying  declaration  which inspires confidence of the court possesses great evidentiary value.

Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 43  of  58

State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16)

54.  The  Apex court  observed  in a case  that  while  appreciating  the credibility of the evidence produced before the court, the court must view the evidence as a while and then come to a conclusion as to its genuineness   and   truthfulness.   There   mere   fact   that   two   different versions are given but one name is common in both of them cannot be a ground for convicting the named person. The court must be satisfied that the dying declaration is truthful. 

55.  The  dying   declaration  is  hearsay   evidence  and   the   person   to whom it is communicated must prove it.   

56. In a case the Supreme Court observed that the deceased made two oral  dying declarations­ one before one sister and the other before another   sister.     However   both   the   dying   declarations   have   created doubt   regarding   presence   of   both   these   witnesses   and   from   the testimony   of  PW­3,   the   court   observed   that   the  demneaour  of   all these persons was not up to the mark.  Further serious doubts arose in the   mind   of   court   if   the   deceased   had   made   any   such   dying declaration to  PW­5  as the same was brought  to the notice of the Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 44  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) court   for   the   first   time   during   the   trial   and   was   not   mentioned anywhere in her complaint to the police which was an admitted fact. The other  dying declaration  to the other witness was also doubtful and   so   court   disbelieved   all   the  dying  declarations  as  well   as   the testimonies of witnesses in whose presence it was stated to have been made.  {Ramesh Prashad Vs. State of Bihar Criminal AIR 2000 SC 398 : 1999(4) RCR (Crl.) 229 (SC)}

57.  In the above backdrop of the law, I am drawn to the fact that the Police did not record verbatim version of what precisely was stated by the deceased to  Pinki/PW­1. All that can be gathered is that her brother returned running to his house and told that he had gone on the road in front of  Lok Vihar Apartment  to ease himself where  Laxmi Pd.  was already present.   The said  Laxmi Pd. used to reside in the same Jhuggis and he had argued with him and thereafter, hit on his abdomen  with  some  sharp  object.    He further  told  PW­1  that  this Laxmi Pd. is the same person who had earlier quarreled with him. 

58.   The IO had examined mother of PW­1 namely Smt.Sundari U/s Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 45  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) 161 C.P.C. who narrated the same version. 

59. IO had also examined PW­15 Anshul who stated nothing about the Dying declaration. 

60.  As  PW­1, all that the witness narrated is that her brother came back to the house at 04:30 AM and told her as well as her mother that accused Laxmi Pd. had hit him with some pointed Object. 

61. From this point onwards, the version of the witness is not as per her version in Ex.PW­1/A.  

62.  It is so as the witness  states  that,  "thereafter,   she called our neighbourer Anshl and he came to our house and in his presence also, my brother told us that Laxmi Pd. had given him injury.  He further told that Laxmi Pd. Had also given him injuries prior to this incident". 

63.  Impression is therefore given to the Court that both mother and daughter had called  Anshul  whereas it is not so as per  Ex.PW­1/A. Firstly, Ex.PW­1/A  is silent regarding presence of  mother/PW­2  in Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 46  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) the house.  Secondly, as per said statement, witness herself had gone to the house of Anshul to call him and told him about the version of her brother deceased.

64. In the Court, she introduces her mother to be present in the house;

she introduces a new fact that deceased narrated his ordeal to her in presence of her mother; she twists facts by stating that  "We" called Anshul and she improves on her testimony thereby making a material departure   from  Ex.PW­1/A  stating   that   same   facts   were   told   to Anshul  by none other than her brother who later succumbed to the injuries. 

65.  Not   only   the   above,   but   her   voluntary   testimony   is   of   utmost relevance   regarding   defence   of   the   accused   and   thus   extracted   as under :

                       "I cannot identify accused Laxmi Pd.".

66. Following question put to the witness by the Prosecution is also of utmost relevance viz :

"Q.  whether you are acquainted with the person, who Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 47  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) is   present   as   an   accused   in   this   case   namely   Laxmi Pd.?
Ans.   I   was   not   knowing   the   accused   previously   but when he committed murder of my brother, I came to know about him".

67. The very next question by the Prosecution assumes significance as the prosecution tried to assist the witness to identify the accused.  The question is extracted as under :

       "Q. You have stated as above that I cannot identify  accused Laxmi Pd. but now you deposed that accused  Laxmi Pd., who is present in the Court as the same  person who had committed murder of your brother.   What is your explanation as to why initially you replied in 'Negative'?
         Ans.  I was not knowing him earlier to the incident but I came to know about him after my brother  Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 48  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) disclosed about him to us".

68.  It would be important to understand as to what did the brother disclose.  What the brother disclosed to PW­1 is that one Laxmi Pd. had injured him with a sharp object in his abdomen and he is the same  Laxmi   Pd.who   is   resident   of   the   same   Jhuggi   area   and   had earlier quarreled with him. 

69.  Thus,   besides   the   name   and   the   fact   that   the   said  Laxmi Pd.resided   in   the   same   Jhuggi   complex,   no   other   peculiar identification   of   the   assailant  Laxmi   Pd.  was   provided   by   the deceased in his last statement.

70. It is in her cross­examination that deceased had left the house at 04:00   AM  without   conveying   them   and   at   that   time   she   and   her mother were sleeping and both the children were also awoke.   The ages of the children are not provided. There is no clarification on record   if   the   said   children   who   were   awake,   also   witnessed   the injured making a Dying declaration before his death. 

71. The witness woke up at 04:30 AM when his brother knocked on Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 49  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) the door but this fact is not mentioned in Ex.PW­1/A.    

72. Surprisingly, Suresh @ Ghanti was lying injured in the house for about half an hour and during this period, all the the witness did was call her neighbourer Anshul.   This unusual conduct is unexplained. 

73.  Further more, the witness states that she does not maintain the Mobile   Phone  and   none   of   his   family   members   were   having   any Mobile Phone on the date of incident. This version is in contrast with the   contents   of  Ex.PW­1/A  wherein   the  Mobile   number  of   the witness is recorded as '8826082831'. If the witness had the  Mobile Phone,   she   could   have   made   the   Phone   call   to   the   Police   but according to her, it was  Anshul  who made the call to the Police at 06:00 AM and the Police arrived at 07:30 AM.  This cannot be true. PCR Form  Ex.PW­17/G  (Ex.PW­8/A)  is on record  showing  that Call   was   made   at  05:08:04   hours  from  Mobile   Number '9911039196'. 

74.  As per  Ex.PW­15/B  i.e. Statement of  Anshul  U/s. 161 Cr.P.C., Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 50  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) this   Phone   number   is   shown   to   be   belonging   to   him   and   as   per Portion Mark A to A, thereupon it is Anshul who made PCR Call at Phone Number  100.  But when examined in Court, PW­15 deposed that,  "Pinki  called  on  100  number  through  someone.    I  did  not make call at 100 Number". He stuck to this stand even in his cross­ examination by the Ld.Prosecutor. 

75.  Nevertheless,   the   time   of   Phone   call   is  05:08   AM  and  MLC Ex.PW­5/A  shows   that   the   Victim   was   present   in   the   hospital   at 05:50   AM.  The   precedence   will   have   to   be   therefore   given   to documentary evidence as the ocular evidence of  PW­1, PW­2 and PW­15 is varying about time. 

76. As per PW­2, her son left the house at 05:00 AM and returned at 06:30 AM.   She had spoken to  Suresh @ Ghanti  for about  5 to 10 minutes  and   he   was   conscious.   As   per  PW­1,   her   mother   fell unconscious   immediately   upon   noticing   that  her   Son   was   injured. There is a contradiction as above. 

Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 51  of  58

State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16)

77. Further, as per PW­2, Police reached the spot at about  07:00 or 07:30 AM.  She came to know about the death of her Son at 08:00 AM.

78.  Since   the   anomaly   of   time   of   incident   is   not   clear   from   the testimonies of public witnesses, hence, the Court falls back upon the documentary evidence which categorically shows that PCR Call was made at  05:08 AM.   The Victim was lying injured in the house for about  30   minutes  and   thus,   the   time   of   incident   was   some   time between 04:00 AM to 04:30 AM only. 

79.  There is no eye witness to the incident and the version  of the deceased regarding his assailant only establishes the name factor and the residence factor. 

80. Proceeding ahead, PW­2 claims to be present in the house but she is silent about the children of PW­1.  According to PW­2, she did not loose consciousness and heard dying declaration of deceased.   Her Son thereafter fell unconscious. Her daughter called  Anshul. When Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 52  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) Anshul  arrived, her Son also narrated the entire incident to  Anshul and  fell  unconscious.    She  also  states  that  Anshul  only  called  the PCR. 

81.  She creates serious doubt in the Prosecution version during her cross­examination, when she states, "when my Son returned home, at that point of time, nobody was present there.   The door of the house was lying opened, when my Son returned home".

82.  If the witness is to be believed then neither  PW­1 nor her Sons were present in the Jhuggi at 04:30 AM but if PW­1 is to be believed then not only she but her Sons as well as PW­2 were also present in the Jhuggi. 

83.  Further   more,   in   her   cross­examination,   the   witness   confuses between facts and circumstances that it was she who called  Anshul from  neighbourhood. According to PW­1, it is she who had gone to call  Anshul  and  even   as  per  Anshul,  only  PW­1  had  come  to   his house. 

Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 53  of  58

State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16)

84. So far as PW­15 Anshul is concerned, it was never his case that he witnessed the last words spoken by the deceased.  But PW­1 and PW­2  have   deposed   on   oath   that  Anshul  had   heard   the   dying declaration.   Same is not the Prosecution's  case as  PW­15  Anshul never   stated   that   the   deceased   made   a   dying   declaration   in   his presence. 

85. What is therefore crystal clear from the above is that the related witnesses i.e. PW­1 and PW­2 are twisting facts, improving and in the process, contradicting each other. 

86.   The common thread that flows through both the testimonies is that none of them knew Laxmi Pd. prior to the incident. 

87.  PW­1  has admitted  that she knew nothing  about any previous quarrel  of  Laxmi  Pd.  with  her  brother/deceased.  PW­2  states  that there was a quarrel between her Son and accused  Laxmi Pd.  but it was  about  a  year  prior   to  the  incident  which  cannot  be  factually correct   as   said   quarrel   is   stated   to   be   only  a   month  prior   to   the Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 54  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) incident. 

88.  In my considered view, the above conflicting testimonies which are self destructive cannot be made sole basis of evidence to order Conviction. 

89.  In   my   further   considered   view,   the   dying   declaration   is   not proved.   The other piece of evidence against the present accused is recovery of the Screw Driver Ex.P.1.

90. As a matter of fact, mere recovery of this article, even if proved, cannot   be   sole   factor   to   order   Conviction.    Nevertheless,   in   the present   case,   the  Recovery   Memos  are  signed   by  SI   Rajbir   and Ct.Satbir. This is despite the fact that according to the IO, it is the accused who had pointed out to the place where he had thrown the said Screw Driver. 

91. PW­10, elder brother of Suresh @ Ghanti is a witness to arrest of the accused and recovery of Screw driver.  However, he did not see the Screw driver at the time of its recovery. He did not know if Police prepared Seizure memo  Ex.PW­10/D  at the time of seizure of the Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 55  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) Screw Driver.  PW­1 admits that she had signed on blank papers.  

92. Even if I proceed to believe that the recovery of Screw Driver has been made at the instance of the accused only then also it can be observed from the testimony of Expert witness  PW­11 that she had examined  Parcel   1  containing   one  Screw   Driver  which   had   few Blood stains. She also examined  Ex.2(a) i.e. Baniyan, Ex.2(b) i.e. Underwear,  Ex.3 i.e. blood  sample  and Ex.4 i.e. blood  in gauze. The  Serological analysis were carried out and blood group 'B' was detected on all the exhibits except Ex.1 i.e. Screw Driver and Ex.3 i.e. blood sample.   Thus, though  the Court has not been provided with the blood group of deceased but since his undergarments had blood stains of blood group 'B', it will be safe to infer that the blood group of the deceased was 'B'.  However, this is not the blood group that could be detected from the blood stains that were present on the Screw Driver which is stated to be a weapon of offence. 

93.  Therefore,   recovery   of   even   the  Screw   Driver  puts   no Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 56  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) incriminating role on the present accused as it is not linked to be weapon of offence on Forensic examination. 

94. Regarding the identity of the accused, suffice would be to say that PW­1 never new the accused prior to the incident and as a matter of fact, PW­2 and PW­15 never stated in the Court that they knew the accused Laxmi Pd. since prior to the incident or that it is this Laxmi Pd. only with whom, the deceased had a fight on a previous occasion.

CONCLUSION :

95.    Consequently,  benefit of  doubt  is given to the accused.   This Court  holds  that  the  Prosecution  is  not  able  to  prove  the  case against   the   accused   beyond   reasonable   doubt.   Thus,   accused Laxmi Pd.is hereby acquitted for the Offence U/s 302 IPC

  Accused   has   already  furnished   PBs/SBs   for Rs.10,000/­each (Rupees Ten thousand each) with one surety each in the like amount, in view of Section 437A Cr.P.C. as per Order Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 57  of  58 State  Vs. Laxmi Prashad                                         FIR 397/14  (57298/16) dt. 31.07.2018.  Surety is present.  His PB/SB is accepted for a pe­ riod of six months from today.

    Further  it  is  ordered  that  the  case  property  of  this case, if any, be disposed of/destroyed after expiry of period of fil ­ ing appeal, if any. 

ing appeal, if any.

File be consigned to Record Room. 



Announced in open Court                       (Manish Yaduvanshi)
on 24.08.2018                                  ASJ­05(W)/THC
                                               Delhi/24.08.2018(P)

                                    Digitally
                                    signed by
                                    MANISH
                         MANISH     YADUVANSHI
                         YADUVANSHI Date:
                                    2018.08.25
                                    16:38:52
                                    +0530




Result: Acquitted                                                                             Page 58  of  58