Legal Document View

Unlock Advanced Research with PRISMAI

- Know your Kanoon - Doc Gen Hub - Counter Argument - Case Predict AI - Talk with IK Doc - ...
Upgrade to Premium
[Cites 7, Cited by 0]

Delhi District Court

Sh. Sandeep Swaroop Bhardwaj vs Sh. Abraham Pothen (Director ... on 18 April, 2018

           IN THE COURT OF SHRI UMED SINGH GREWAL
            PILOT COURT / POLC­XVII, ROOM NO. 514 :
                 DWARKA COURTS: NEW DELHI

LIR 2897/17.
In the matter of:­
Sh. Sandeep Swaroop Bhardwaj, (Age 39) 
Mobile No. 9675555463
S/o Late Sh. Mohan Lal, 
through Sky Gourmet Employees Union (Regd. 28) 
(Affiliated CITU), B.T.R. Bhawan, 13A, 
Rouse Avenue, New Delhi­110002
                                            ..............Workman
                             Versus

1.

 Sh. Abraham Pothen (Director Operations) Mobile No. 9971511300, (Email I.D. P    A    [email protected]) (2) Sh. Ashutosh Bhatt (Executive Manager) Mobile No. 9910511300, (Email I.D. [email protected])  M/s. Sky Gourmet Catering Pvt. Ltd.

International Airport, Approach Road, Opp. Rose Garden,  Terminal­3, Mahipalpur, New Delhi­110037.

                                            ............. Management

DATE OF INSTITUTION          :                         22.09.2017
DATE ON WHICH AWARD RESERVED :                         16.04.2018
DATE ON WHICH AWARD PASSED   :                         18.04.2018

A W A R D :­

1. Vide   Order   No.F.24(136)/17/SWD/Lab./9699­9702 dated   18.09.2017,   issued   by   Government   of   NCT   of   Delhi,   a LIR No.2897/17 Page 1 of 23 reference was sent to Labour Court No. XIX with the following terms:­ "Whether  the dismissal  of Sh. Sandeep  Swaroop Bhardwaj   (Age­39),   Mobile   No.9675555463   S/o Late   Sh.   Mohan   Lal   from   the   services   by   the management vide order dated 07.03.2017 is legal and justified and if not, to what relief is he entitled and   what   directions   are   necessary   in   this respect?"

2. Claimant's   case   is   that   the   management   is   in   the business of Air Catering which is permanent and perennial one. The business always prospered and never saw down trend. Despite it, it kept   employees   on   fixed   term   contracts   though   it   used   to   do business 24 hour a day, 7 days a week and 365 days a year.  He had joined it as trainee team member C on 01.07.2007 at a consolidated salary of Rs.2800/­ per month on a fixed term which was renewed year   after   year   without   issuing   confirmation   letter   though   the management had orally assured that he would be confirmed. The union   members   met   management   on   30.07.2013   on   the   issue   of dearness   allowance   which   the   management   refused   to   grant categorically.   The   workers   stopped   work   instantly   due   to   that reason.   Police   came   to   the   premises   of   the   management   on 02.08.2013 and evicted him and co­employees from there forcibly. All co­employees except seventeen including himself were allowed to resume duty on 05.08.2013. He had never participated in any LIR No.2897/17 Page 2 of 23 Dharna,   strike   or   agitation.   He   was   suspended   without   any justification on 01.08.2013 without providing him any document. His service was terminated without assigning  any reason relying upon   domestic   inquiry   report   dated   28.08.2013   and   22.08.2014. Thereafter, he filed a complaint before Labour Commissioner where the   management   did   not   co­operate   and,   hence,   the   matter   was referred   to   this   court.   He   is   suffering   financially,   socially   and physically due to suspension and subsequent termination of service. He is jobless since termination.

3. Written   statement   is   to   the   effect   that   claimant   was dismissed from service after holding a proper inquiry upon which the   management   is   relying   upon.     In   case,   the   court   holds   the inquiry improper, it be given opportunity to substantiate charges by leading fresh evidence before the court.

The   claimant   alongwith   co­employees   stopped management's  work abruptly  to  coerce  and put pressure  on  it to accede to their unlawful demands. They resorted to Dharna w.e.f. 30.07.2013 and remained in factory premises even after closure of their shift and in this way the production was brought to stand still. The   management   had   to   approach   the  Hon'ble   High   Court   for intervention   which   directed   police   to   evict   claimant   and   co­ employees from the premises of the management.  Pursuant to that LIR No.2897/17 Page 3 of 23 order, the police evicted them forcibly on 02.08.2013. All persons who were responsible for organizing and instigating Dharna inside the premises were suspended from service and claimant was one of them. During suspension period, he was paid substance allowance @ Rs.75% of his wages.  Charge­sheet dated 28.08.2013 was issued and his explanation was sought.  Amended charge­sheet was issued vide letter dated 18.09.2013.  A proper enquiry in accordance with principles of natural justice was conducted and in which he was given full opportunity to defend charges. 

4.  Following issues were framed on 13.12.2017:­

1. Whether the enquiry conducted by the management is not fair and proper? OPW. 

2. In terms of reference. 

3. Relief. 

5.  In order to get declared enquiry proceedings invalid, the claimant tendered his evidence as Ex.WW1/A mentioning all the facts stated in statement of claim.   He relied upon following documents:­

1. Ex.WW1/1   (03   pages)   is   fixed   term   contract   dated 01.07.2007.

2. Ex.WW1/2   is   performance   linked   incentive   dated 01.07.2007.

3. Ex.WW1/3 is increment letter dated 01.04.2008.

LIR No.2897/17 Page 4 of 23

4. Ex.WW1/4   is   promotion   and   increment   letter   dated 01.06.2009. 

5. Ex.WW1/5 is copy of increment letter dated 01.06.2010.

6. Ex.WW1/6 is copy of increment letter dated 01.06.2011.

7. Ex.WW1/7 is copy of renewal of fixed term contract dated 27.04.11.

8. Ex.WW1/8 is copy of renewal of fixed term contract dated 13.01.12.

 

9. Ex.WW1/9 is copy of suspension order of the claimant dated 01.08.13.

10. Ex.WW1/10 (03 pages) is termination letter dated 12.06.17.

11. Ex.WW1/11 is agreement between management and worker for DA dated 16.01.13.

12. Ex.WW1/12 is agreement dated 08.03.13.

6. On   enquiry   issue,   the   management   examined   its Assistant   Manager­   HR,   Mr.   Priyanshu   Narayan   Singh   as   MW1 who   was   management   representative   before   enquiry   officer.   He deposed that the management had suspended claimant from service due   to   grave   misconduct   and   suspension   letter   dated   01.08.2013 was issued to him.  Charge­sheet dated 28.08.2013 was also issued which was amended vide letter dated 18.09.2013. The claimant had submitted   explanation   to   the   charge­sheet   but   the   same   was unsatisfactory and hence, domestic enquiry was initiated which was conducted by one Mr. Dinesh Bhatt, Advocate. The claimant was LIR No.2897/17 Page 5 of 23 accordingly informed by management vide letter dated 09.06.2014. He   further   deposed   that   he   had   represented   the   management   in enquiry and so, the enquiry proceedings were bearing his signatures in that capacity. On the basis of evidence and material on record, the Enquiry Officer held claimant guilty in his report.  He identified the signatures of enquiry officer Mr. Dinesh Bhatt on enquiry report and proceedings.  He further deposed that enquiry report was sent to claimant   alongwith   covering   letter   dated   18.05.2017.     He   relied upon following documents:­ I. Ex.MW1/1 is copy of enquiry proceedings dated 22.08.14. II. Ex.MW1/2 (03 pages) is copy of enquiry proceedings dated 06.09.14.

III. Ex.MW1/3  is copy of enquiry proceedings dated 28.04.15. IV. Ex.MW1/4 (02 pages) is copy of enquiry proceedings  dated 04.05.15.

V.  Ex.MW1/5 (02 pages) is copy of enquiry proceedings dated  20.05.15.

VI.  Ex.MW1/6 (79 pages from page No.53 to 131) are copies of the   documents   alongwith   their   list   filed   before   Enquiry Officer during enquiry proceedings. 

Issue No.1:

7.  This   issue   has   already   been   decided   in   favour   of management  and against claimant by this court vide order  dated 11.04.2018.
LIR No.2897/17 Page 6 of 23
Issue No. 2: 
8. Ld. ARM argued that the claimant had instigated the staff   members   on   30.07.2013   at   4.00   PM   to   do   strike   as   their demand   for   DA   was   not   acceded   to   by   the   management.     He alongwith certain others led the mob of workers to the operational area raising derogatory, offensive and anti­management slogans and directed workers at the shop floors to stop work forthwith.   They obeyed his command.  He along with some other workers called up the staff deputed at Airport, directed them to leave their work and return   to   the   factory.     On   his   instigation,   they   left   work   at   the Airport and returned to factory as a result of which the flights had to be catered by senior executives. He did not allow workers to leave the factory premises even after completion of their shift.  He did not allow other workers, who were rostered for the night duty, to go to their respective places of work. As a result of strike of 30.07.2013, its   clients   namely   Jet   Airways   and   Air   India   shifted   to   Oberoi Flights Services and Taj Air Catering respectively.  He along with others   remained   on   sit   in   strike   inside   the   factory   premises   in violation to the High Court orders dated 11.04.2013 and 28.02.2013 vide which they were restrained from holding any demonstration, dharna,   raising   any   derogatory   and   ofensive   slogans   against management   within   the   radius   of   100   meters   from   the   gate   and boundary walls of the factory premises.  The Hon'ble High Court of LIR No.2897/17 Page 7 of 23 Delhi had directed police to evict them from premises.  Eventually, they were evicted on 02.08.2013 at 11.30 AM.  That action of the workers was condemned by its union also.   He further submitted that   the   management   had   issued   notice   dated   30.07.2013   to   the workers to restore normalcy but they did not budge.   It had sent notice dated 30.07.2013 to Union also asking it to intervene and to restore normalcy.  Complaint was given to SHO PS IGI Airport also on 30.07.2013.  When the workers did not leave the premises, the Hon'ble High Court of Delhi directed the concerned police station vide order dated 01.08.2013 to evict them forcibly and they were evicted next day.  He further submitted that a general body meeting of members of Sky Gourmet Catering Employees Union affiliated to  Airport   Employees   Union   (CITU)   was  held   on   07.08.2013  in which it was resolved that workers' flash strike and dharna inside the factory premises on 30.07.2013 was unwarranted because the process of signing a negotiated settlement with management was under   progress.     Vide   that   resolution,   the   general   body   had criticized the action of the workers.  Next argument of ld. ARM is that as per clause No.13 of certified standing orders, the workers cannot   go   on   strike   without   giving   14   days   notice.     Any   strike resorted to in contravention of that clause shall be deemed illegal.

He further submitted that the workers can go on strike only if their grievances   remain   unresolved   by   mutual   negotiations   provided LIR No.2897/17 Page 8 of 23 under the said orders.  The process of mutual negotiation was still under way and it was to be signed very shortly but the workers could not restrain themselves and went on strike without giving any notice.  He submitted that as per Sudhir Chandra Sarkar Vs. Tata Iron   and   Steel   Co.   Ltd.   and   Ors.   Civil   Appeal   No.   1803/1970 decided on 27.03.84 by the Apex Court, the standing orders have the force of law.  He also relied upon (i) UCO Bank Vs. Presiding Officer (2000) 1 LLJ 1187, Delhi, (ii) Syndicate Bank & Anr. and K.   Umesh   Nayak   and   Ors.   (1994)   II   LLJ.  (iii)  M/s.   Eicher Goodearth   Ltd.   Vs.   The   Presiding   Officer,   Labour   Court   & Another   1999   LLR,  (iv)  The   Workmen   represented   by   Bihar Engineering   Kamgar   Union,   Refugee   Market,   Dhanbad,   Vs. Presiding Officer Labour Court, Bokaro Steel City, Bokaro and another, 2003 LLR,  (v)  Ravindra Sharma Vs. Labour Court & Ors., 2011 LLR 495 and (vi) Association of Engineering Workers, Mumbai   Vs.   Hindustan   Motor   Manufacturing   Company, Mumbai, 2015 LLR 920. 

On the other hand, ld. ARW argued that the workers had   tendered   unqualified   apology   in   the   Hon'ble   High   Court   of Delhi   and   the   apology   was   accepted   by   the   counsel   of   the management and in this way, the contempt petition was disposed off by the High Court on 17.09.2014.  After unconditional apology, LIR No.2897/17 Page 9 of 23 the management should not have taken coarse step of removal from service.  He next argued that the claimant had never instigated the mob.   In fact, the leaders have been spared and dumb riven cattle have been fired from job. 

9.  It is the admitted case of both parties that there was strike in the premises of management on 30.07.2013 at 4 PM.  It is also the admitted fact  that the Hon'ble High Court of Delhi had restrained   workers   vide   orders   dated   28.02.2013   and   11.04.2013 from   holding   demonstration,   dharna,   raising   derogatory   and offensive   slogans   against   management   within   the   radius   of   100 meters from the gate and boundary wall of the premises.  It is also the admitted fact that the Hon'ble High Court of Delhi, vide order dated 01.08.2013, had directed the concerned police station to evict the   striking   workers   from   the   premises   of   management.     It   is mentioned in statement of claim itself that the claimant alongwith others was evicted from the premises of management by police on 02.08.2013 at 11.30 AM.   The letter dated 30.07.2013 written by management to the workers is on the file in which it is mentioned that they should restore normalcy and resume worker and those who were not on duty or were not willing to be on duty, should leave the premises and go beyond the radius of 100 meters from the boundary of the premises.   On the same day, the management had written a LIR No.2897/17 Page 10 of 23 letter   to   General   Secretary   of   Airport   Employees   Union   (Regd.) (Affiliated to CITU) with following contents:­ "You are well aware that your union submitted a Charter of Demands dated 10th June 2010 to the management of M/s. Sky Gourmet   Catering   Pvt.   Ltd.,   New   Delhi   on   behalf   of   the workmen of M/s. Sky Gormet Catering Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi working   as   Team   Member­C,   Team   Member­B   and   Team Member­A.  Your union thereafter raised an industrial dispute on behalf of   Sky  Gourmet   Employees'  Union  (unregistered)  named  as Sunil Bagri and 117 others in respect of the above Charter of Demands   which   was   referred   for   adjudication   by   the Government   of   NCT   of   Delhi   to   the   learned   Industrial Tribunal, Karkardooma Courts, Shahdara, Delhi vide order of reference dated 01.11.10. 

Another reference in respect of purported dispute named as Jagbir Singh and others through your Union was also made by the  Government   of  NCT   of  Delhi  to  the  Learned  Industrial Tribunal, Karkardooma Courts, Delhi. 

This   dispute,   referred   by   order   of   reference   dated 07.02.2011,   is   marked   as   I.D.   No.   31/2011   and   is   pending adjudication before the Learned Industrial Tribunal.   Consequent to stoppage of work from 16 th  January to 17th January, 2013, an interim payment of Rs.3000/­ (Rupees Three Thousand Only) [subject to adjustment against final settlement and/or the Award of Industrial Tribunal] was allowed to the workmen effective January 2013 by the Management of M/s. Sky Gourmet Pvt. Ltd. for resumption of work, restoration of peace and continuation of business of the  Unit.  As a result of re­consideration and discussion, meetings and negotiations, thus, held from time to time between the parties, LIR No.2897/17 Page 11 of 23 a   settlement   in   this   regard   was   also   arrived   at   subject   to certain conditions agreed by both the parties.  It   was   also   agreed   by   the  parties   that  after   execution   of Settlements,   joint   application   will   be   filed   before   the designated   Industrial   Tribunal   with   a   prayer   to   pass   a Consent Award. 

However, these two Settlements could not be executed on account of your Union raising two more demands at the last moment   when   we   assembled   on   16th  July   2013   i.e.   the   dte agreed   upon   for   execution   of   Settlements.   Decision   of Management   has   been  conveyed   to  your   union   on  both  the issues on 22 July, 2013 and you have not yet reverted on this. Management   of   the   Company   has   been   in   regular communication with your union as well as CITU for an early execution of Settlement. 

Pending   the   above,   07   workmen   of   the   Company   and members of your Union, claiming to be representing the entire workmen of the Company met undersigned on 29th July, 2013 disowning the negotiated Settlement as also the consideration shown   by   the   Management   for   re­employing/joining   of   18 terminated,   suspended   and   unauthorizedly   absenting (transferred)   workmen   and   demanded   that   the   Management concedes   to   their   fresh   financial   demand   by   1600   hrs. tomorrow   i.e.   30th  July,   2013   away   and   independent   of negotiated Settlement, otherwise they will stop the work.  WE contacted the CITU leaders of State level, explained the details   to   them   and   requested   them   to   prevail   upon   their members to refrain from their proposed course of action, more particularly when we were already on the negotiation table and had arrived at an understanding for signing of Settlement. To our  amazement,  while  the Union leaders  confirmed that they had neither given any such call nor do they support any LIR No.2897/17 Page 12 of 23 indiscipline   among   their   members   and   such   irresponsible action, they expressed their inability on grounds that if their members were not listening to them what could they do? We, however, still met them yesterday as also today, since Management   has  been  open  to  dialogue,  and  explained  the position in detail. They do not seem to be amenable to reasons and logic. They clearly stated that they have nothing to do with the Unions and they were Union unto themselves. There also do not appear to be any initiative from the Union side to defuse the situation. 

In   view   of   this,   we   request   you   to   kindly   use   your   good offices to intervene in the matter so that normalcy is restored forthwith in the factory and inconvenience is not caused to the travelling public, failing which we shall be constrained to take our own view in the entire issue."

10.  On   30.07.2013   itself,   the   management   had   given update of the situation to SHO PS IGI Airport.   Vide order dated 01.08.2013, the Hon'ble High Court of Delhi had directed police to take effective steps without any delay, in ensuring that the orders of the court were complied with.  It was made clear that any failure on the part of the police authority to implement the order in full would be viewed seriously by the Court.  A general body meeting of the members of Sky Gourmet Catering Employees Union affiliated to Airport Employees Union (CITU Delhi) was held on 07.08.2013 which adopted the following resolution:­ "This The General Body Meeting (GBM) is of the view that the   reaction   of   employees   by   holding   a   flash   strike   and LIR No.2897/17 Page 13 of 23 dharna   inside   the   factory   premises   was   unwarranted because the process of signing a negotiated settlement with the management was under progress.  The GBM regrets this action of the employees.   It assures the management that such   a   situation   will   not   recur   in   future.   The   process   of mutual   dialogue   between   the   management   and   the   union should start immediately to maintain peaceful environment and healthy Industrial relations.  This GBM authorizes the elected committee of its union and leaders of the Airport Employees   Union   (to   which   the   Sky   Gourmet   Catering Employees  is  affiliated)   and  leaders   of  CITU  to  sign  the negotiated   settlement   on   the   demands   and   other   work practices with the management with a fortnight."

11. As per clause No.13 of certified standing orders, the workers shall not go on strike without 14 days notice and any strike resorted to in contravention of that clause shall be deemed illegal. It   is   further   mentioned   that   the   workers,   in   the   event   of   any grievance, shall first try to resolve the same by mutual negotiations and   the   machinery   provided   under   standing   orders.     Any   strike resorted   to   without   exhausting   the   provisions   of   standing   orders shall be illegal.

The settlement talks between union and management were still undergoing.   The claimant and others did not wait the completion   of   process   and   immediately   went   on   strike   on 30.07.2013 without giving any notice.  They violated the orders of the   Hon'ble   High   Court   vide   which   they   were   restrained   from holding   any   dharna   or   raising   derogatory   remarks   against LIR No.2897/17 Page 14 of 23 management   within   the   radius   of   100   meters   of   the   gate   and premises.  They were evicted by the police on 02.08.2013 at 11.30 AM because of the order of 01.08.2013 passed by the Hon'ble High Court of Delhi in contempt petition.  So, their actions are definitely illegal. 

12.  But  the moot question is whether the punishment of removal from service is disproportionate to the proved misconduct or not.  As per clause No. 30 of certified standing orders, following are the punishments for misconduct:­ 30.1. Warned or censured; or.

30.2. Fined subject to and in accordance with the provisions of law, or 30.3.   Punished  by   withholding  of   increment   if  any,  with   or without cumulative effect; or 30.4. Suspended without wages, by way of punishment for a period not exceeding four days; or 30.5. Reduced to a lower post or grade or a lower stage with consequential reduction in salary and status; or 30.6 Discharged with notice or wages in lieu thereof, by way of punishment; or.

30.7.  Dismissed without notice.

13.  In,  Syndicate Bank and Ors Vs. K. Umesh Nayak & Ors. (1994) II LLJ, following was held by the Apex Court:­ "9.  The strike as a weapon was evolved by the workers as LIR No.2897/17 Page 15 of 23 a form of direct action during their long struggle with the employers.  It is essentially a weapon of last resort being an abnormal aspect of the employer­employee relationship and involves   withdrawal   of   labour   disrupting   production, services and the running of the enterprise. It is a use by the labour of their economic power to bring the employer to see and meet their view­point over the dispute between them. In addition   to   the   total   cessation   of   work,   it   takes   various forms   such   as   working   to   rule,   go   slow,   refusal   to   work over­time when it is compulsory and a part of the contract of  employment, "irritation strike" or staying at work but deliberately doing everything wrong, "running sore strike", i.e. disobeying the lawful orders, sit­down, stay­in and lie­ down   strike   etc.   etc.   The   cessation   or   stoppage   of   work whether by the employees or by the employer is detrimental to the production and economy and to the well being of the society as a whole. It is for this reason that the industrial legislation while not denying the right of workmen to strike, has tried to regulate it along with the right of the employer to lock­out and has also provided a machinery for peaceful investigation, settlement, arbitration and adjudication of the disputes between them. Where such industrial legislation is not applicable, the contract of employment and the service rules   and   regulations   many   times   provide   for   a   suitable machinery for resolution of the disputes.  When the law or the contract of employment or the service rules provide for a   machinery   to   resolve   the   dispute,   resort   to   strike   or lockout as a direct action is prima facie unjustified. This is particularly   so   when   the   provisions   of   the   law   or   of   the contract or of the service rules in that behalf are breached. For then, the action is also illegal. 

The question whether a strike or lock­out is legal or illegal does not present much difficulty for resolution since all that is required to be examined to answer the question is whether there has been a breach of the relevant provisions.

LIR No.2897/17 Page 16 of 23

However, whether the action is justified or unjustified has to be  examined by  taking into consideration  various  factors some  of  which  are   indicated  earlier.    In  almost   all  such cases,   the   prominent   question   that   arises   is   whether   the dispute   was   of   such   a   nature   that   its   solution   could   not brook   delay   and   await   resolution   by   the   mechanism provided under the law or the contract or the service rules. The strike or lock­out is not to be resorted to because the concerned  party  has a  superior  bargaining  power  or  the requisite   economic   muscle   to   compel   the   other   party   to accept   its   demand.   Such   indiscriminate   use   of   power   is nothing bus assertion of the rule of "might is right". Its consequences   are   lawlessness,   anarchy   and   chaos   in   the economic activities which are most vital and fundamental to the   survival   of   the   society.   Such   action,   when   the   legal machinery is available to resolve the dispute, may be hard to justify. This will be particularly so when it is resorted to by   the   section   of   the   society   which   can   well   await   the resolution of the dispute by the machinery provided for the same. The strike or lock­out as a weapon has to be used sparingly for redressal of urgent and pressing grievances when no means are available or when available means have failed, to resolve it. It has to be resorted to, to compel the other party to the dispute to see the justness of the demand. It is not to be utilised to work hardship to the society at large so as to strengthen the bargaining power. It is for this reason   that   industrial   legislation   such   as   the   Act   places additional   restrictions   on   strikes   and   lock­outs   in   public utility services.

With   the   emergence   of   the   organised   labour, particularly   in   public   undertakings   and   public   utility services, the old balance of economic power between the management and the workmen has undergone a qualitative change in such undertakings. Today, the organised labour in these institutions has acquired even the power of holding LIR No.2897/17 Page 17 of 23 the society at large to ransom, by withholding labour and thereby   compelling   the   management   to   give   in   on   their demands,   whether   reasonable   or   unreasonable.   What   is forgotten many times, is that as against the employment and the service conditions available to the organised labour in these   undertakings,   there   are   millions   who   are   either unemployed,   underemployed   or   employed   on   less   than statutorily   minimum   remuneration.   The   employment   that workmen get and the profits that the employers earn are both   generated   by   the   utilisation   of   the   resources   of   the society in one form or the other, whether it is land, water, electricity   or   money   which   flows   either   as   share   capital, loans   from   financial   institutions   or   subsidies   and exemptions from the Governments. The resources are to be used   for   the   well­being   of   all   by   generating   more employment   and   production   and   ensuring   equitable distribution. They are not meant to be used for providing employment, better service conditions and profits only for some. In this task, both the capital and the labour are to act as the trustees of the said resources on behalf of the society and use them as such. They are not to be wasted or frittered away by strikes and lock­outs. Every dispute between the employer   and   the   employee,   has   therefore,   to   take   into consideration the third dimension, viz., the interests of the society as a whole, particularly the interest of those who are deprived of their legitimate basic economic rights and are more   unfortunate   than   those   in   employment   and management. There justness or otherwise of the action of the employer or the employee has, therefore, to be examined also on the anvil of the interests of the society which such action tends to affect. This is true of the action in   both public and private sector. But more imperatively so in the public sector.  The management in the public sector is not a capitalist   and   the   labour   an  exploited  lot.  Both   are   paid employees and owe their existence to the direct investment LIR No.2897/17 Page 18 of 23 of   public   funds.   Both   are   expected   to   represent   public interests directly and have to promote them."

In, The Workmen Represented by Bihar Engineering Kamgar Union, Refugee Market, Dhanbad Vs. Presiding Officer, Labour Court Bokaro Steel City, Bokaro and another 2003 LLR 922, following was held by the Hon'ble High Court of Jharkhand:­ "26. Last but not the least in the case of Dunlop Rubber Co. (I) Ltd. V. Their Workmen, AIR 1965 SC 1392 the Supreme Court was considering a similar question in case where order of dismissal was passed  in a domestic inquiry on the ground of the charge of misconduct i.e. slowing down of work and engaging or inciting others to arrange unjustified or illegal strike.  Their Lordships firstly held that the charge of slowing down the work is a grave charge and the order of dismissal on the basis of the said charge is proper. Their Lordships further observed   that   against   the   said   order   of   dismissal,   the Industrial   Tribunal   cannot   act   as   any   Court   of   appeal   and cannot  substitute  its  own  judgment  unless   the   action  of  the inquiry officer is liking in bona fide or is manifestly perverse of unfair. "

14.  Following   was   held   by   the   Hon'ble   High   Court   of Rajasthan   in  M/s.   Eicher   Goodearth   Ltd.   Vs.   The   Presiding Officer, Labour Court & Another 1999 LLR 156:­ "9. The question, therefore, which falls for consideration in the   case   at   hand   is   not   merely   of   a   worker   against   whom misconduct has been alleged on account of his own lapse but the   misconduct   alleged   to   have   been   proved   is   whether   he acted as a kingpin in order to enforce a strike by exerting his LIR No.2897/17 Page 19 of 23 will  on others who were  not willing to participate. It is no doubt true that the right to go on strike of a workman has been treated   as   an   acknowledged   method   of   demonstrating   his protest but the fact remains that the element of willingness on the part of other workers to join the strike is predominant and one workman cannot be said to be having a superior right of pressurising and forcing other workmen to abstain from work as   it   is   an   individual   right   of   each   and   every   workman   to decide for himself whether he wishes to join the strike or not. It is quite obvious that it is in this context that the Constitution Bench of the Supreme Court considered over the matter and distinguished the cases of those workmen who were described as 'dumb riven cattle' from those who were the kingpin of the strike. The decision of the Supreme Court in Indian General Navigation   &   Railway   Company   Ltd.   V.   Their   Workmen, (Supra) therefore, is clearly a case where the learned Judges have considered over the matter and had been pleased to lay down that an Industrial Tribunal has to consider as to whether the punishment of dismissal or termination of service has to be imposed on such workman who had not only participated in the illegal strike but had been instrumental in initiating it and had been guilty of violence for doing acts detrimental to the maintenance of law and order in the locality where the work had to be carried on." 

15.  It   becomes   clear   from   above   citations   that   the management and labour court have to adopt different yardsticks  for the worker who had instigated the strike and those who had only participated in the strike.

In   the   case   in   hand,   the   management   had   examined three witnesses before the Enquiry Officer.  The witness No. 2 Mr. LIR No.2897/17 Page 20 of 23 Kuldeep Kaushik deposed that claimant alongwith others had led the   mob   of   workers.     The   management   had   conducted   domestic enquiry against several employees and case filed by 15 employees are before this Court.  In evidence of all those cases, Mr. Kuldeep Kaushik had not named any other person as the instigator except the person   against   whom   the   enquiry   was   being   conducted.     The witness No.1 is Mr. Sachin Sikka and he named only few persons as instigator.  The witness No.3 Sh. V. Rangarao did not depose before Enquiry   Officer   that   the  claimant  had   instigated   any  mob.   Had claimant   been   one   of   the   instigators,   the   evidence   of   all   three witnesses   of   the   management   would   have   been   uniform   before enquiry   officer.     The   other   claimant  has   placed   on   record  email Mark W1 dated 03.08.2013 in the connected case titled as  Hari Ram Vs. M/s. Sky Gourmet Catering bearing LIR No. 2896/17 sent by an Officer Mr. Priyanshu Singh of the management to its other officers.   In fact, that mail is the list of terminated and suspended employees.     As   per   that   mail,   12   persons   were   terminated   from service   on   02.08.2013   and   17   persons   were   suspended   from 01.08.2013   to   06.08.2013.     Ld.   ARM   submitted   that   12   persons were terminated for some other misconduct.  But his explanation is not   cogent.     The   biggest   problem   before   management   from 30.07.2013 to 02.08.2013 was strike of its workers.  It is pertinent to   mention   that   workers   were   evicted   from   its   premises   on LIR No.2897/17 Page 21 of 23 02.08.2013.  Date of termination of 12 persons as 02.08.2013 shows that terminated members were the leaders and suspended employees were only participants.  While removing claimant from service, the management did not take into account the fact that claimant had merely participated in the strike.  He was not one of the instigator. Moreover, in contempt petition, the union had tendered unqualified apology for behaviour of its members.  The apology was accepted by   the   counsel   of   the   management   in   order   to   maintain   healthy employer - employee relationship.   After tendering of unqualified apology, the management had not pressed  the contempt petition. The   management   did   not   take   into   account   that   fact   also   while passing the removal order from service.  Taking into account these two circumstances, it is held that the removal order is not illegal but it is unjustifiable. 

  Issue No. 3:

16.  It has already been held in issue No. 2 that the removal order is not illegal but it is unjustifiable.  The management should have awarded any other punishment provided under clause 13 of certified standing orders.  Hence, the removal order is set aside and it is replaced with punishment of withholding of two increments with cumulative effect.  The claimant is not entitled to back wages because   he   had   participated   in   illegal   strike.   Hence,   the LIR No.2897/17 Page 22 of 23 management   is   directed   to   reinstate   claimant   with   continuity   of service and without back wages but by inflicting the punishment of two increments with cumulative effect.  It is further directed to give the said benefits to him within a month from the date of publication of the award.  Reference is answered accordingly.  Award is passed accordingly.
17. The requisite number of copies of the award be sent to the Govt. of NCT of Delhi for its publication.  File be consigned to Record Room. 
Dictated & announced           (UMED SINGH GREWAL) in the open Court on 18.04.2018.   PILOT COURT / POLC­XVII   DWARKA COURT, NEW DELHI.
LIR No.2897/17 Page 23 of 23