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State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission

M/S Balji Traders Through Propietor vs M.D.Kesav Bdaya Integral Urban Co ... on 10 October, 2019

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,l-vkbZ- gkWfLiVy ds lkeus] esu jksM] lksMkyk] vtesj jksM] t;iqj 3- jftLVªkj lgdkjh lfefr lgdkj Hkou] lgdkj ekxZ] 22 xksnke lfdZy] t;iqj jkt0 foi{khx.k le{k % ekuuh; Jh dey dqekj ckxMh] lnL; ¼U;kf;d½ ekuuh; lnL; Jherh ehuk esgrk mifLFkr %& ifjoknh dh vkSj ls Jh vkj0 ,l0 vkuUn vf/koDrk 2 foi{kh dh vksj ls Jh vkseukjk;.k 'kekZ vf/koDRkk fu.kZ; fnukad 10 vDVwcj] 2019 jkT; vk;ksx jktLFkku t;iqj ¼}kjk Jh dey dqekj ckxM+h] lnL;] ¼U;kf;d½ ;g ifjokn eSllZ ckykth VªsMlZ ,oa vU; dh vksj ls bUVhxzy vjcu dks&vkWijsfVo cSad fy0 ,oa vU; ds fo:) bl vk;ksx esa fnukad 04-12-2015 dks is'k fd;kA izdj.k ds rF; bl izdkj gS fd ifjoknh eSllZ ckykth VªsMlZ QeZ dk izksijkbZVj gS rFkk ifjoknh la[;k 1 rk 3 QeZ ds ikVZuj gSA ifjoknh us ,d Hkw[k.M la[;k 229&, xkso/kZu uxj] Vksy VSDl lkaxkusj] t;iqj esa o"kZ 1997 esa dz; fd;k tks yxHkx 266-67 oxZxt gSA ifjoknh }kjk vius Hkw[k.M esa vkVk fey IykUV laLFkkfir djus gsrq foi{kh cSad bUVhxzy vjcu dks&vkWijsfVo lksMkyk] vtesj jksM] t;iqj jkt- 'kk[kk t;iqj ls viuh lEifRr Hkw[k.M la[;k 229&, xkso/kZu uxj] lkaxkusj] t;iqj dks jgu j[kdj] fnukad 06-02-2009 dks 13]00]000@&:- yksu] [kkrk la[;k 10125 ij 13 izfr'kr lkykuk C;kt nj ls Lohd`r djok;k Fkk ijUrq yksu jkf'k 11]50]000@&:- ifjoknh dks vnk fd;s x;s Fks] 'ks"k 1]50]000@&:- le; ij ugha fn;s] fcuk fdlh mfpr dkj.k ds jksd fy, ifjoknh }kjk f'kdk;r djus ij rhu ekg ckn esa ;kdwc vyh nyky ds tfj;s fn;s x;sA Lohd`r yksu jkf'k 13]00]000@&:- dk 25000@&:- izfrekg ds fglkc ls dqy 120 ekg dh lkeku fd'rksa esa C;kt lfgr cSad dks pqdk;k tkuk FkkA foi{kh cSad izcU/kd }kjk yksu Lohd`r fd;s tkus ls iwoZ 13 izfr'kr lkykuk nj ls C;kt Lohd`r yksu ij vnk djuk ekSf[kd rkSj ij crk;k FkkA tks ifjoknh dks Lohd`r jgkA fnukad 27-05-2011 dks foi{khx.k 1 o 2 }kjk ifjoknh dh vkVk fey dks fd'rksa dh vnk;xh esa fMQkYV crkdj Hkw[k.M lfgr dqdZ dj fy;k x;k tc fd ifjoknh }kjk fu;ekuqlkj Lohd`r yksu jkf'k fcuk ekax ds lrr :i ls tek djokbZ tk jgh Fkh ifjoknh }kjk foi{khx.k ds fo:) ,d ,l-ch- flfoy fjV la[;k 7436@2011 nk;j dh xbZ ftlesa jkt- mPp U;k;ky; }kjk ifjoknh ij lEifRr dk HkkSfrd dCtk ykSVk;s tkus ds funsZ'k foi{khx.k dks fnukad 26-05- 3 2011 ds vkns'k ds tfj;s iznRr fd;s x;s] mlds miajkr ifjoknh dh fey dks cSad }kjk fnukad 27-05-2011 dks lht fd;k x;k A ifjoknh }kjk jktLFkku mPp U;k;ky; ds vkns'k fnukad 25-05-2012 fnukad 23-06-2011 dks 1]20]000@&:- rFkk fnukad 27-06-2011 dks 80]240@&:- dqy 4]36]240@&:- cdk;k jkf'k tek djok nh xbZ rFkk foi{kh cSad }kjk fnukad 31- 08-2012 dks ,d [kkyh dkxt ij nLrkostkr izkIr djus dh jlhn rgjhj djuk crkdj ifjoknh ds gLrk{kj ys fy;s rFkk uks M~;wt izek.k&i= tkjh dj fn;kA oLrqr% foi{khx.k }kjk ifjoknh dks fnukad 31-08-2012 dks iqfyl dh ekStwnxh esa iapukek cuk;k tkdj okLrfod rkSj ij dCtk vkt rd ugha laHkyk;k] foi{khx.k o mlds nCcxksa deZpkfj;ksa vk'khUnz xkSre o j?kqukFkZ xqtZj us vns; izek.k&i= fn;s tkus dh ,ot~ esa [kkyh dkxtksa ij gLrk{kj djok fy;s o mldk nq:i;ksx dj dCtk lqiqnZxh Lohd`fr i= cuk fy;k ifjoknh }kjk foi{khx.k ls fey dk dCtk okLrfod rkSj ij ifjoknh dks ykSVk;s tkus gsrq ekSf[kd o fyf[kr vkxzg fd;k foi{khx.k }kjk dksbZ roTtksa ugha nh xbZA ftl ij ifjoknh }kjk 12-01-2013 dks ekuuh; yksdiky cSafdx Hkkjrh; fjtoZ cSad jkeckx lfdZy t;iqj dks foi{khx.k }kjk fjtoZ cSad ds fu;eksa ds fo:) tkdj yksu jkf'k ij 19-75 izfr'kr lkykuk C;kt olwyus rFkk vkVk fey dk okLrfod dCtk ifjoknh dks ugha laHkyk;s tkus gsrq f'kdk;r tfj;s jftLVMZ ,-Mh- Hksth xbZ ftldh jlhn vusDlpj&2 rFkk f'kdk;r vusDlpj&3 gSA mDr f'kdk;r ekuuh; yksdiky egksn; dks izkIr gks xbZ FkhA blh nkSjku ifjoknh ds yM+ds eqds'k 'kekZ dk vigj.k gksus vkijkf/kd izdj.k ntZ gksus vkfn pkjktksgh ds dkj.k ifjoknh foi{khx.k ls lEidZ ugha dj ldk ifjoknh dks chl yk[k :i;s crkSj fQjksrh pqdkuh iM+h vkfn xq.MkxnhZ ls iqfyl ls lqj{kk o futkr gsrq fnukad 28-01-2014 dks ekuuh; Mh-th-ih- dks f'kdk;r Hksth xbZA ifjoknh }kjk vius odhy ds ek/;e ls fnukad 20-01-2015 dks yhxy uksfVl tfj;s jftLVMZ Hkstk x;k o vkgqr fd;k x;k fd vkVk fey dh e'khujh o Hkw[k.M dk dCtk cSad dh lhy gVokbZ tkdj okfil ykSVkos mls 5000@&:-

izfrfnu vken dh ekfld gkfu mBkuh iM+ jgh gS] uksfVl izkfIr ds 15 fnol esa lhy gVok;s rFkk izfrfnu 5000@&:- lhy gVokus rd ifjoknh dks vnk djs] fdUrq foi{khx.k }kjk dksbZ tokc ugha fn;k uk gh vkVk fey ifjlj ls vkt rd lhy gVokbZ gSA 4 foi{kh ds }kjk fnukad 15-04-2015 dks vius odhy ds ek/;e ls uksfVl fnukad 31-03-2015 dk tokc fn;k ftlesa lEiw.kZ dk;Zokgh lekIr dh tk pqdh gS rFkk leLr vf/kdkj o nLrkost ifjoknh dks lqiqnZ dj fn;k tkuk vfHkdfFkr fd;kA foi{kh dk fjtoZ cSad ds fu;eksa ds foijhr tkdj vf/kd nj ls C;kt _.k jkf'k ij olwyuk rFkk lEiw.kZ _.k jkf'k Hkqxrku gks tkus fnukad 31-08-2012 ds i'pkr~ ls jgu 'kqnk lEifRr dks ifjoknh dks okfil HkkSfrd rkSj ij uk laHkykuk ,oa [kkrs dh udy vkt fnukad rd miyC/k u djkuk lsoknks"k dh Js.kh esa flfoy nks"k gS ifjoknh dks vkfFkZd o ekufld ijs'kkuh mBkuh iM+ jgh gS rFkk yxkrkj vkVk fey can jgus fnukad 31-08-2012 ds i'pkr~ ifj.kkeLo:i izfrfnu 5000@&:- dh vk; gkfu Hkh gks jgh gS ftldh {kfriwfrZ crkSj dqy 90]00]000@& foi{khx.k ls izkir djus dk vf/kdkjh gS rFkk gtkZ [kpkZ ifjokn Hkh foi{khx.k ls izkIr djus dk dkuwuh gdnkj gS blfy, ;g ifjokn nk;j djuk ykfteh vk;k gSA vr% ifjokn esa pkgs x;s vuqrks"k fnyok;s tk;saA guqekn izlkn 'kekZ izksijkbZVj dh vksj ls ifjokn ,oa lk{; ds leFkZu esa Lo; dk 'kiFk&i= ,oa izn'kZ&,us 1 yxk;r izn'kZ&,us&7 nLrkost izLrqr fd;sA cgl i{kdkjku vf/koDrkx.k lquh ,oa i=koyh rFkk nLrkostkr dk voyksdu fd;kA ifjoknh us viuk Hkw[k.M jgu j[kdj 13]00]000@&:- dk _.k fy;k ftlesa 11]50]000@&:- rks ns fn;s 'ks"k 1]50]000@&:- fnukad 27-05-2011 dks ifjoknh dks fMQkYVj cukdj Hkw[k.M dqdZ dj fy;k x;kA izFke ifjoknh dk Hkw[k.M fnukad 27-05-2011 dks dqdZ dj fy;k x;k Fkk mlds ckn ifjoknh ds vuqlkj dqdhZ ls eqDr dj Hkw[k.M dk dCtk ugha lEHkayk;k x;k tcfd mlus Lo;a ekuuh; jktLFkku mPp U;k;ky; esa fjV ;kfpdk is'k dh gqbZ Fkh ftlesa ifjokn ds vuqlkj gh dCtk lEHkayk;k fn;k x;k Fkk ifjoknh pkgrk Fkk fd iqfyl dh ekStwnxh esa iapukek cukdj dCtk lqiqnZ djuk pkfg,A dqdhZ fnukad 27-05-2011 dks dh x;h ftls ifjoknh xyr crkrk gS rFkk ifjokn fnukad 04- 12-2015 dks is'k fd;k x;kA /kkjk 5 fe;kn vf/kfu;e dk izkFkZuk&i= is'k ugha fd;kA ifjoknh fnukad 02-01-2015 dks jftLVMZ yhxy uksfVl ls uksfVl nsus ls 5 fe;kn ys jgk gS tc fd ifjoknh ds vuqlkj gh xyr :i ls mldh lEifRr dqdZ dj yh x;h Fkh] rks mldks mlh fnu okn vk/kkj izkIr gks x;k FkkA bl lac/a k esa II (2009)CPJ 29 (SC) STATE BANK OF INDIA Vs. B.S. AGRICULGURAL INDUSTRIES esa ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; us fuEu fu/kkZfjr fd;k gS %&(I) (i) Consumer Protection Act, 1986 Section 24 A Limitation Complaint time barred Complainant carrying business of manufacturing and supply, sent bills to bank for collection of payment and remittance of proceeds-Instructed bank to return documents if not honoured by drawee by June 7, 1994- Cause of action accrued on June 7,1994, when complainant neither received demand draft, nor documents - Limitation began to run from June, 1994- Complaint filed on May 5, 1997, apparently time-barred Letters sent to bank and bank's reply is of no help to complainant Limitation cannot be extended by Bank's reply No application for condonation of delay filed No sufficient cause for delay shown Question of condonation of delay does not arise Limitation aspect not considered by Consumer Fora although specific plea to this effect taken by bank -Order of National Commission affirming orders of State Commission and District Forum, set aside - Complaint dismissed as time barred.
(ii) Consumer Protection Act, 1986 Section 24 A Limitation - Filing of Complaint - Provision peremptory in nature, requires Consumer Forum to see before admitting complaint, that it has been filed within two years from date of accrual of cause of action - Delay can be accrual of cause of action - Delay can be condoned if sufficient cause of delay shown- It is duty of Consumer Forum to take notice of Section 24A and give effect to it - Complaint barred by time, if decided on merits, Forum would be committing illegality - Aggrieved party would be entitled to have such order set aside.


                          (2009) 7 Supreme Court Cases 768 KANDIMALLA
                   RAGHAVAIAS          AND      COMPANY        Vs.    NATIONAL
                   INSURANCE COMPANY AND ANOTHER                      esa ekuuh;
                   loksZPp U;k;ky; us fuEu fu/kkZfjr fd;k gS %&      A. Consumer
                                        6



                    Protection Act, 1986 -S.24-A--Limitation--Dismissal           of
complaint on the ground of limitation alone--Mandatory duty of consumer fora regarding--Express duty of consumer fora to dismiss complaints which are barred by limitation and where no sufficient cause has been shown, re-emphasised B. Limitation--Cause of action -Meaning and import, discussed--Held, it has wide import, different meanings in different contexts--Words and Phrases--"Cause of action"
C. Consumer Protection Act, 1986--S.24-A Limitation--Cause of action/starting date--Complaint whether barred by limitation -fire in complainant's go down on 22-3-

1988/23-3-1988 damaging insured tobacco stocks--Complaint filed on 24-10-1997 i.e. after more than nine years and that too without any application for condo nation of delay (limitation being two years) -Effect--Held, the cause of action began on 23-3-1988, when fire in the go down took place damaging the insured crops--The complaint was manifestly barred by limitation and the National Commission was justified in dismissing it on this short ground-Limitation for the purpose of S. 24-A began to run from 23-3-198 D. Consumer Protection Act, 1986 -S.24-A--

Limitation--Extension of limitation -Permissibility--Plea of non--issue of insurance claims form and non-processing of claim--Maintainability--Complainant for the first time asking for claim forms on 6-11-1992 for cause of action which arose on 23-3-1988--On facts, held, extension of limitation is not permissible on the said plea which ought to have been filed within two years from the cause of action i.e. from 23-3-1988 (when fire damaged the insured goods) ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; ds Åij of.kZr fu.k;ksa ds vuqlkj /kkjk 24 ¼A½ miHkksDrk laj{k.k vf/kfu;e ds rgr~ 2 o"kZ esa ifjokn is'k djuk pkfg, ijUrq ifjoknh us ,slk ugha fd;k] fLFkfr esa ifjokn fe;kn ckgj gSA ifjokn ds VkbZVy esa fuEu izdkj vafdr gS %& 01- eSllZ ckykth VªsMlZ tfj;s izksijkbZVj guqeku izlkn 'kekZ iq= Jh ?kklh yky 'kekZ] mez 56 o"kZ tkfr czkge.k] fuoklh & 229&,] xkso/kZu uxj] Vksy VSDl] lkaxkusj] t;iqj] gky fuoklh 4@,Q@22 ryoaMh dksVk] jkt0 7 02- eqds'k dqekj 'kekZ iq= Jh guqeku izlkn 'kekZ] mez 35 o"kZ 03- Jherh eerk xkSre iRuh Jh eqds'k dqekj 'kekZ] mez 32 o"kZ] 04- Jherh izsensoh 'kekZ iRuh Jh guqeku izlkn 'kekZ] mez 52 o"kZ fuoklh;ku 104@33] lsUVj uacj 10] izrki uxj] lkaxkusj t;iqj jkt- tfj;s eq[R;kj[kkl Jh guqeku izlkn 'kekZ iq= Jh ?kklhyky 'kekZ] fuoklh&229] ,] xkso/kZu uxj] Vksy VSDl] lkaxkusj] t;iqj rFkk ifjokn ds iSjk la[;k 1 ds vuqlkj Hkh ikVZuj f'ki QeZ gS rFkk vkVk fey yxkus ds fy, _.k fy;k x;k Fkk ftldk m)s'; ykHk dekuk gSA ifjokn i= ds vuqlkj gh ;g vafdr fd;k gS fd mls 5000@&:- jkst dk uqdlku gks jgk gSA bl izdkj ifjoknh dk m)s'; ykHk dekuk gSA bl laca/k esa 1995 III scc 583 es ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; us fuEu fu/kkZfjr fd;k gS %& Under the definition of consumer in section 2 (d), a consumer means, insofar as is relevant for the purpose of this appeal, (i) a person who buys any goods for consideration; it is immaterial whether the consideration is paid or promised, or partly paid and partly promised, or whether the payment of consideration is deferred;

(ii) a person who uses such goods with the approval of the person who buys such goods for consideration; (iii) but does not include a person who buys such for resale or for any commercial purpose. The expression 'resale' is clear enough. The expression 'commercial purpose' is not defined in the Act. The ordinary meaning of 'commercial' is pertaining to commerce; it means "connected with, or engaged in commerce; mercantile; having profit as the main aim" whereas the word 'commerce' means "Financial transactions especially buying and selling of merchandise, on a large scale". The National Commission appears to have been taking a consistent view that where a person purchases goods "with a view to using such goods for carrying on any activity on a large scale for the purpose of earning profit" he will not be a 'consumer' within the meaning of Section 2 (d)(i) of the Act. Broadly affirming the said view and more particularly with a view to obviate any confusion the expression 'large scale' is not a very precise expression parliament stepped in and added the explanation to Section 2 (d)(i) by ordinance/Amendment Act, 1993 which 8 excludes certain purposes from the purview of the expression 'commercial purpose' a case of exception to an exception.

D. Consumer Protection Act, 1986 S. 2 (d) (i) and Expln. 'Consumer' Exclusion is case of purchase for commercial purpose Costly machine (of value of Rs 21 Lakhs) purchased by appellant from respondent for its business of manufacture of machine parts- machine found to be defective resulting in loss to appellant complaint lodged by appellant before Maharashtra consumer disputes Redressal commission claiming Rs 4 Lakhs from respondent Appellant claiming to be covered by the Expln., being a proprietary concern of diploma holder in Engineering Appellant concern established under Employment Promotion Programme by obtaining financial assistance from State Financial corporation and other sources and registered as a small scale industry with the Directorate of Industries Held on facts, appellant not covered by the Expln. and it having purchased the goods for commercial purpose, was not a 'consumer' Hence complaint not maintainable Appellant entitled to file suit claiming such relief and for that appellant could get benefit under S. 14 of Limitation Act, 1963 ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk fu/kkZfjr fl)kUrksa ds vuqlkj ifjoknh us tks ifjokn is'k fd;k gS mldk m)s'; ykHk dekuk Fkk rFkk okf.kfT;d m)s'; Fkk ifjokn /kkjk 2 ¼ 1 ½ ¼ Mh ½ ds izksohtksa esa miHkksDrk dh Js.kh esa ugha vkrk gSA mijksDr foospu ds vk/kkj ij ifjoknh dk ifjokn [kkfjt fd;s tkus ;ksX; gS vkns'k vr% ifjoknh dk ifjokn mijksDr foospu ds vk/kkj ij [kkfjt fd;k tkrk gSA ¼ ehuk esgrk ½ ¼ dey dqekj ckxMh ½ lnL; lnL; ¼U;kf;d½ @ikBd@ 9 jkT; miHkksDrk fookn izfrrks"k vk;ksx] cSap la- 2] jkt0] t;iqj ifjokn la[;k&108@2014 Jherh ehuk iRuh Lo- Jh ckyfd'ku] tkfr flU/kh] mez 28 o"kZ] fuoklh;k 170] 'ke'kku ?kkV ds ikl] okMZ ua- 20] ikoj gkml 132 ds-oh- ds ikl] xkS'kkyk ds ikl] vuwix<] ftyk Jhxaxkuxj ¼jkt-½ ifjokfnuh cuke 1- ,p-Mh,Q-lh- LVs.MMZ ykbZQ ba';ksjsUl dEiuh fy-] tfj;s {ks=h; izcU/kd] 46 QLVZ ¶yksj] lq[kkfM;k 'kkWfiax lsUVj] ftyk Jhxaxkuxj ¼jkt-½ 2- ,p-Mh,Q-lh- LVs.MMZ ykbZQ ba';ksjsUl dEiuh fy-] tfj;s izcU/kd] iathd`r dk;kZy; yksnk ,Dllsyl] 13th ¶yksj] viksyks feYl dEikm.M] ,u-,e- tks'kh ekxZ] egky{eh eqEcbZ ¼egkjk"Vª½ 400011 10 foi{khx.k le{k % ekuuh; Jh dey dqekj ckxMh] lnL; ¼U;kf;d½ ekuuh; lnL; Jherh ehuk esgrk mifLFkr %& ifjokfnuh dh vkSj ls Jh lquhy 'kekZ vf/koDrk foi{kh dh vksj ls Jh foTth vxzoky vf/koDRkk fu.kZ; fnukad 10 vDVwcj] 2019 jkT; vk;ksx jktLFkku t;iqj ¼}kjk Jh dey dqekj ckxM+h] lnL;] ¼U;kf;d½ ;g ifjokn Jherh ehuk dh vksj ls ,p-Mh,Q-lh- LVs.MMZ ykbZQ ba';ksjsUl dEiuh fy- ,oa vU; ds fo:) bl vk;ksx esa fnukad 17-11-2014 dks is'k fd;kA izdj.k ds rF; bl izdkj gS fd ifjokfnuh fof/k vuqlkj pyus okyh laHkzkr ukxfjd gS rFkk fo/kok efgyk gSA foi{khx.k thou chek dEiu gS] ftuds lEiw.kZ Hkkjro"kZ esa dk;kZy; gS] tks fd tulk/kkj.k dk chek dj mudh tksf[keksa dks fuoZgu djrh gS rFkk fofHkUu izdkj ls chek lEcU/kh lqfo/kk iznku djrh gS] ftl gsrq fuf'pr izhfe;e izkIr djrh gS A foi{kh la[;k&1 foi{kh la[;k&2 ds v/khuLFk dk;Z djrh gSA ifjokfnuh ds ifr Jh ckyfd'ku us vius thoudky esa foi{kh chek dEiuh ds ;gka ls chek ikWfylh **VeZ ba';ksjsUl Iyku** ds rgr chek ikWfylh djok;h Fkh] ftlds dze esa vizkFkhZ chek dEiuh }kjk vko';d leLr vkipkfjdrk;sa iw.kZ djrs gq,] vko';d nLrkost ,oa mldk LokLF; ijh{k.k vizkFkhZ chek dEiuh }kjk djk dj rRi'pkr~ tkapksa ,oa izkIr nLrkostks ls larq"V gksdj fnukad 31-12-2013 dks ifjokfnuh ds ifr ls izhfe;e jkf'k 11]461@&:i;s dk pSd izkIr fd;k x;kA bl izdkj ifjokfnuh dk ifr vizkFkhZ dk miHkksDrk gS ,oa miHkksDrk laj{k.k vf/kfu;e ds rgr **miHkksDrk** dh ifjHkk"kk esa vkrk gS rFkk mDr ikWfylh esa 11 ifjokfnuh ds ifr us ifjokfnuh dks uksfeuh ds :i esa ukekafdr fd;k x;k] bl dkj.k ifjokfnuh ifjokn i= izLrqr djus gsrq iw.kZ :i ls vf/kd`r gSA ifjokfnuh ds ifr dk mDr Iyku rhl o"kZ dh vof/k ds fy;s Fkk rFkk bl Iyku ds rgr chfer jkf'k ¼le,';ksMZ vekmUV½ ,d lkS yk[k vFkkZr ,d djksM :i;s Fkh] ,oa izhfe;e jkf'k ds Hkqxrku dk rjhdk okf"kZd ns; FkkA mDr Iyku dh izFke fd'r dh jkf'k 11461@&:i;s dk fnukad 04-01-2014 dks pSd la[;k 104155755 cSd a ,p-Mh-,Q-lh- cSad fyfeVsM] 'kk[kk vuwix<] ftyk Jhxaxkuxj ls DyhjsUl MHDF3215968650-HDFC Standard Life }kjk ifjoknh ds ifr Jh ckyfd'ku ds [kkrk la[;k 50100020123283 ls vizkFkhZ chek dEiuh dks mDr izhfe;e jkf'k 11461@&:i;s izkIr gks x;h] bl rjg ifjokfnuh ds ifr vizkFkhZx.k chek dEiuh ls fnukad 04-01-2014 ls 30 o"kZ dh vof/k ds fy, leLr tksf[keksa ds fy;s iw.kZ :i ls chfer gks x;s FksA ifjokfnuh ds ifr Jh ckyfd'ku iq= Jh 'kadjyky dk nqHkkZX; fnol fnukad 28-03-2014 dks nsgkUr gks tkus ij ifjokfnuh }kjk vizkFkhZx.k dh LFkkuh; 'kk[kk vizkFkhZ la[;k&1 ds dk;kZy; ij mifLFkr gksdj vius ifr ds mDr VeZ ba';ksjsUl Iyku dh chek ikWfylh fnukad 04-01- 2014 ls rhl o"kZ dh vof/k ds fy, leLr tksf[keksa ls chfer gksus ckcr crk;k vkSj fuosnu fd;k fd mDr ikWfylh uEcj crkosa rFkk mDr leba';ksMZ jkf'k@chfer jkf'k dk eq>s Hkqxrku djsAa ysfdu vizkFkhZx.k chek dEiuh }kjk ifjokfnuh dks uk gh mDr chek ikWfylh miyC/k djk;h x;h ,oa uk gh mDr chfer jkf'k ykSVk;hA ifjokfnuh us foi{kh chek dEiuh ds ;gka dbZ ckj lEidZ dj mDr chek ikWfylh dh jkf'k fnyok;s tkus dk fuosnu fd;k fdUrq gj ckj foi{kh chek dEiuh ds vf/kdkjh ifjokfnuh dks dksbZ u dksbZ cgkuk cukdj VkyeVksy dh uhfr viukrs jgs ,oa ikWfylh dh jkf'k dk Hkqxrku ugh fd;kA bl ij ck/; gksdj ifjokfnuh us vius vf/koDrk Jh iq:"kksRre vkgwtk ds tfj;s ,d yhxy uksfVl tfj;s jftLVMZ ,-Mh- fnukad 06-05-2014 dks izsf"kr dj fuosnu fd;k fd chfer jkf'k dk uksfVl dh 15 fnol ds vUnj ifjokfnuh dks Hkqxrku djs vU;Fkk vkids fo:) U;k;ky; esa leqfpr ,oa dkuwuh dk;Zokgh dh tkosxhA ifjokfnuh ds vf/koDrk ds }kjk izsf"kr uksfVl foi{khx.k dks izkIr gks tkus ds ckotwn Hkh uk gh mDr uksfVl dk tokc ifjokfnuh dks izsf"kr fd;k ,oa uk gh ifjokfnuh dks ikWfylh dh leba';ksMZ jkf'k dk Hkqxrku fd;k A bl rjg foi{kh dk ;g d`R;

12

mlds }kjk iznRr lsokvksa esa xEHkhj lsoknks"k ,oa vuQs;j VªsM izsfDVl ,oa foi{khx.k dh cnfu;fr dks iznf'kZr djrk gSA vr% ifjokfnuh us foi{khx.k ls ifjokn i= pkgs x;s vuqrks"k fnykus dh izkFkZuk dh gSA ifjokfnuh dh vksj ls ifjokn ,oa lk{; ds leFkZu esa Lo; dk 'kiFk&i= ,oa izn'kZ&1 yxk;r izn'kZ&6 nLrkost izLrqr fd;sA foi{kh us tokc esa dFku fd;k gS fd e`rd ckyfd'ku us iziksty vksuykbZu Hkstk Fkk ftldh tkWap xkbZM ykbZu o uksElZ ds vuqlkj dh tkrh gSA ;fn iziksty lgh ik;k tkrk gS rks Lohdkj dj fy;k tkrk gS rFkk C;kt dh tks jkf'k tek gksrh gS ml ij izFke fizfe;e esa lek;ksftr dj fy;k tkrk gS bl izdj.k esa iziksty Lohdkj ugha fd;k x;k Fkk blfy, i{kdkjku ds e/; lafonk gh ugha gqvk Fkk ckn esa ckyfd'ku dk iziksty vLohdkj dj fn;k x;k rFkk chek jkf'k mlds [kkrs esa tek djok nh dksbZ ikfylh ck.M ugha tkjh fd;k x;kA e`rd us fnukad 04-01-2014 dks Online ikfylh dk iziksty 1 djksM+ dk Hkjk Fkk tks 30 o"kZ dk Fkk rFkk okf"kZd fizfe;e 11]461@&:- FkkA e`rd us lsYQ ,EiykbZt o fctful djuk crkrs gq, 3]00]000@&:- okf"kZd vk; crk;h Fkh rFkk e`rd us fuEu v.Mj Vsfdax nh Fkh %& "....... I understand the significance of the contract and that the contract will be governed by the provisions of the Insurance Act, 1938 and the Indian Contract Act, 1872, and that the same will not commence until written acceptance of this application by the company is received by me. That the premium payable as well as the sum assured (main as well as the additional benefits) may very upon assessment of risk by the company. That the company shall be entitled to retain the premium paid along with this application as an interest free initial deposit to be adjusted against premium payable upon issue of the policy. In the event of application being not accepted by the company the deposit will be refunded without any interest. ........."

bl iziksty ij fopkj fd;k x;k rks foRrh; fLFkfr ds laca/k esa larks"kizn nLrkost ugha Fks] e`rd dh vk; ;fn 3]00]000@&:- gh Fkh] rks] mldk 25 xq.kk 75]00]000@&:- ds Åij dk chek ugha gks ldrkA e`rd us 2011&12] 2012&13] 2013&14 dh vk;dj fjVuZ crk;h o vkWfMV fjiksVZ ekaxh x;h rks] izLrqr ugha 13 dhA fnukad 23-04-2014 dks e`rd ds vdkmUV esa 11]461@&:- tek djok fn;sA ckyfd'ku dh e`R;q fnukad 28-03-2014 dks gqbZ ijUrq mldh tkudkjh chek daiuh dks ugha FkhA ifjokfnuh us ,d djksM+ dk chek crk;k gS blds vfrfjDr ml ij C;kt] ekufld larki] vkfn ekaxs gS tks 1 djksM+ ls Åij gks tkrs gS blfy, jkT; vk;ksx dks lquus dk Jo.kkf/kdkj ugha gSA foi{kh dh vksj ls tokc ,oa lk{; ds leFkZu esa Ankus Saini dk 'kiFk&i= ,oa Exhibit OP&1 yxk;r Exhibit OP&5 nLrkost izLrqr fd;sA cgl i{kdkjku vf/koDrkx.k lquh ,oa i=koyh rFkk nLrkostkr dk voyksdu fd;kA bl izdj.k esa ;g Lohd`r fLFkfr gS fd e`rd ckyfd'ku us 04-01-2014 dks 1 djksM+ dk chek djkus gsrq iziksty Hkjk Fkk tks 30 o"kZ ds fy, Fkk rFkk mldk fizfe;e 11]461@&:- Fkk] blfy iqf"V izn'kZ&vks0ih0 ls Hkh gksrh gSA ftl ij e`rd ckyfd'ku ds gLrk{kj gSA izn'kZ&vks0ih0 1 i`"B la[;k 1 ij ikfylh fMVsy fuEu izdkj crk;h x;h gS %& SECTION A -- PLAN DETAILS Sum Assured (Rs.) 10000000.00 Total Premium 11461.00 Policy Term (Yrs): 30 SECTION B - PERSONAL DETAILS OF LIFE TO BE ASSURED First Name : Bal Last Name : Kishan POLICY DETAILS Date of Policy Commencement : 04 Jan 2014 Policy Term 30 Premium Paying Term : 30 Premium Frequency : Annual blh ds ist la[;k 10]11]12 esa Ldsu izfr is'k gqbZ gS ml ij Hkh e`rd ckyfd'ku ds gLrk{kj gSA izn'kZ&vks0ih0 2 11]461@&:- dh jlhn gS tks 14 buf'k;y fMiksftV ds :i ls n'kkZ;h x;h gS A izn'kZ&vks0ih0 3 financial underwriting guidelines, izn'kZ&vks0ih0 4 Proposal Follow-ups dk nLrkost gS ftlds vuqlkj fnukad 13-01-2014 dks foi{kh us iziksty dk;Zokgh 'kq: dj nh FkhA izn'kZ&vks0ih0 5 fnukad 20-02-2016 dks e`rd ckyfd'ku ds [kkrs esa 11]461@&:- tek djk fn;s x;s A bl i= ls ;g rks lkfcr gksrk gS fd iSls tek djok fn;s x;s FksA ijUrq iziksty jn~n dj fn;k x;k Fkk bldk dksbZ nLrkost ugha gSA ckyfd'ku dh e`R;q fnukad 28-03-2014 dks gks x;h mldh e`R;q ds ckn fnukad 23-04-2014 dks ;g jkf'k tek djok;h x;hA ifjoknh ds nLrkost esa HDFC cSad dk gh LVsVesaV gSA ftlds vuqlkj fnukad 04-01-2014 dks e`rd us tks pSd fn;k Fkk mldk Hkqxrku chek daiuh dks ns fn;k x;k FkkA e`rd dk e`R;q izek.k&i= Hkh is'k gqvk gS ftlds vuqlkj cky fd'ku dh e`R;q PBM Hospital, chdkusj esa gqbZ Fkh A fnukad 06-05-2014 dks chek daiuh dks yhxy uksfVl fn;k x;k Fkk blesa chek jkf'k 99]00]000@&:- crk;h x;h gSA ;|fi iziksty 1 djksM+ dk gh gSA bl fglkc ls 1]00]000@&:- chek jkf'k de crk;h x;h gSA ijUrq bl uksfVl dk dksbZ egRo ugha gSA e`rd us iziksty fn;k iziksty ij mlds gLrk{kj gS ;g 04-01-2014 dks fn;k x;k rFkk mlh fnu buf'k;y fMiksftV ds :i esa 11]461@&:- dk pSd fn;k x;k tks chek daiuh us cSad ds tfj;s izkIr dj fy;kA e`rd dk fpfdRlh; ijh{k.k gks pqdk Fkk] ek= e`rd dh vk; ds lac/a k esa 3 o"kZ ds budeVsDl fjVuZ o vkfMV fjiksVZ ekaxh x;h Fkh tks e`rd }kjk miyC/k ugha djok;h tkuh crk;h x;h gSA chek daiuh us fnukad 13-01-2014 dks e`rd ds izLrko ij izkslsl 'kq:

dj fn;k FkkA IRDA jsxqys'ku 2002 ds jsxqys'ku la[;k 4 ¼ 6 ½ ds vuqlkj chek daiuh dks 15 fnu esa iziksty Lohdkj ;k vLohdkj djuk pkfg, ijUrq iziksty vLohdkj dk dksbZ nLrkost ugha gS rFkk tks jkf'k tek djok;h x;h og ckyfd'ku dh e`R;q ds ckn tek djok;h x;h mldh Hkh ml le; lwpuk ugha nh x;h FkhA bl lac/a k esa III (2010) CPJ 228 NC SBI LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY LTD. Vs. ASHA LATA PARIDA & ANR. & ASHA LATA PARIDA Vs. S.B.I. LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY LTD. & ASHA LATA PARIDA Vs. STATE BANK OF INDIA esa ekuuh; jk"Vªh; vk;ksx us fuEu fu/kkZfjr fd;k gS %& "Consumer Protection Act, 1986 -
15
Sections 2 (1) (r), 21 (b) - Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority ( Protection of Policy Holder's Interests) Regulations, 2002 - Regulation 4 (6) - Insurance - Repudiation of claim - Ground, Policy at Proposal stage due to medical requirements -- Deficiency in service and unfair trade practice alleged - Forum directed OP 1 - Insurer to remit entire loan, minus amount remitted to OP 2 - Bank and directed OP 2 to pay compensation - Appeal partly allowed - ordering OP 1 to pay compensation and exonerating OP 2 from paying compensation - Hence Revision - Defense taken by OP 1 that deceased not turned up for medical examination in spite of sufficient information not supported by documentary evidence
- Regulation 4 ( 6) provide proposal be processed within reasonable period not exceeding 15 days - OP 1 cannot take advantage of inaction in keeping proposal pending to detriment of complainant - Insurance cover effective from date premium sent to OP 1 - Repudiation of claim was bad in law - Liability of OP 1 be determined vis-a-vis Regulation 4 (6) and scheme and operational procedure - Guilty of gross deficiency in service - State Commission rightly exonerated OP 2 -Bank - order of Forum qua OP 1 restored - OP 1 directed to pay cost.
blh izdkj III (2017) CPJ 66 (NC) MET LIFE INDIA INSURANCE COMPANY LTD. Vs. URVASHI GOYAL & ANR. esa ekuuh; jk"Vªh; vk;ksx us fuEu fu/kkZfjr fd;k gS%& Consumer Protection Act, 1986 - Sections 2 (1) (r), 14 (1) (d), 21 (a) (ii) -Insurance (Life) -Death Claim - Proposal form kept in abeyance - Return of premium only after death intimated -

Non -Settlement of claim -Deficiency in service - Unfair trade practice - State Commission allowed complaint - Hence appeal

- Insurance Company has not brought an into of evidence to prove that they had ever conveyed to life assured that his medical test report was questionable and that they had taken a decision to defer issuance of policy by six months - Every Insurance Company is bound to take decision whether to issue policy or not within 15 days of receipt of proposal form - Insurance Company maintained a stoic silence for 45 days after receipt of premiums - Insurance Company did not 16 communicate either acceptance or rejection of policy to life assured - Inaction on its part is clearly in breach of statutory Regulation 4 (6) of IRDA Regulations, 2002 which is binding on Insurance Company and per se tantamount deficiency in service - Principle of sub silentio applied - State Commission rightly directed to pay claim amount of Rs. 20,00,000 -- Interest rate reduced from 9% p.a. to 6% p.a. bl fu.kZ; ds vuqlkj IRDA ds jsxqys'ku vuqlkj 15 fnu esa chek daiuh dks ikfylh Lohdkj ;k vLohdkj djuh pkfg, tks ugha dh x;h A bl fu.kZ; esa ekuuh; jk"Vªh; vk;ksx us o ekuuh;

loksZPp U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; 2008 I Supreme Court Cases 503 BHARAT PETROLEUM CORPORATION LTD. Vs. GREAT EASTERN SHIPPING CO. LTD. ds iSjk 19 esa tks fuEu izdkj gS %& 19. It is, no doubt, true that the general rule is that an offer is not accepted by mere silence on the part of the offeree, yet it does not mean that an acceptance always has to be given in so many words. Under certain circumstances, offeree's silence, coupled with his conduct, which takes the form of a positive act, may constitute an acceptance - an agreement sub silentio. Therefore, the terms of a contract between the parties can be proved not only by their words but also by their conduct.

ij fo'okl fd;k gSA ftlds vuqlkj ;g t:jh ugha dh iziksty fdlh 'kCnksa esa gh Lohdkj fd;k tkosa pqi jgdj lkbZysUl Lohdkj Hkh fd;k tk ldrk gSA bl izdj.k esa Hkh 15 fnu esa iziksty vLohdkj ugha djus ij ;gh ekuk tk;sxk fd lkbZysUl ds :i esa iziksty Lohdkj dj fy;k x;k FkkA bl lac/a k esa vU; fu.kZ; IV (2015) CPJ 428 (NC) BAJAJ ALLIANZ GENERAL LIFE INSURANCE CO. LTD.

& ANR. Vs. KRISHNA DEVI esa ekuuh; jk"Vªh; vk;ksx us fuEu fu/kkZfjr fd;k gS %& Consumer Protection Act, 1986 - Sections 2 (1) (g), 14 (1) (d), 21 (b) - Insurance (Life) - Death Claim - Delay in intimation alleged - Claim repudiated 17 Deficiency in service - District Forum allowed complaint - State Commission dismissed appeal - Hence revision - Complainant is an illeterate lady -- she could not file claim within 180 days--Petitioner had sufficient time to find out whether claim made by her is true or false - There was unnecessary delay in accepting proposal - Complainant has continuous cause of action - Mala fide intention on part of petitioner - Repudiation not justified.

III (2014) CPJ 248 (NC) ORIENTAL INSURANCE CO. LTD. Vs. IRAWATI & ANR.esa ekuuh; jk"Vªh; vk;ksx us fuEu fu/kkZfjr fd;k gS %& (i) Insurance - Provisional Premium - Non - Issuance of policy - Unfair trade practice - Receiving premium from insured and keeping it with company for inordinate period giving impression that issuance of policy is under active consideration and subsequently when it comes to claim, rejecting the claim by posing the reason that there is no insurance, is unfair trade practice and equally constitutes deficiency on part of insurer.

I (2013) CPJ 155 (NC) ICICI PRUDENTIAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY LTD. Vs. BIMAL KANTA KHARAB esa ekuuh; jk"Vªh; vk;ksx us fuEu fu/kkZfjr fd;k gS %& Consumer Protection Act, 1986 - Sections 2 (1) (g), 14 (1) (d), 21 (b) - Insurance (Life) -Death Claim - Repudiated on ground that accident occurred within 45 days from date of commencement of life cover - Deficiency in service - District Forum allowed complaint - State Commission dismissed appeal - Hence revision - cheque for insurance premium was issued by deceased on 13.12.2006, while he died on 30.01.2007

- Death has occurred only after 47 days from date of deposit of amount of premium with petitioner - Life cover had already commenced from 13.12.2006 and not from 02.01.2007, when policy was issued -- Repudiation not justified.

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ekuuh; jk"Vªh; vk;ksx }kjk fu/kkZfjr fl)kUrksa ,oa i=koyh esa miyC/k nLrkost ftlesa nLrkost izn'kZ&vks0ih0 1 ds ist la[;k 9 esa Date of Policy Commencement : 04 Jan 2014 n'kkZ;h x;h gSA tc iziksty vLohdkj ugha fd;k x;kA fnukad 04-01-2014 dks e`rd us Hkqxrku dk pSd ns fn;k Fkk tks ,udS'k djok fy;k x;kA fLFkfr esa ;gh ekuk tk;sxk fd chek ikfylh Lohdkj dj yh x;h rFkk ;g 04-01-2014 ls izHkkoh gks x;hA fnukad 28-03-2014 dks ckyfd'ku dh e`R;q gksuk fooknkLin ugha gS] mlds ckn e`rd ds [kkrs esa jkf'k tek djkus dk dksbZ egRo ugha gS] D;ksa fd ckyfd'ku dh e`R;q ds i'pkr~ gh ;g [kkrk Lor% cUn gks x;k fcuk ckyfd'ku ds gLrk{kj ds ysunsu ugha gks ldrk Fkk ml fLFkfr esa iSls tek djkuk lkjghu gS rFkk bl iSls tek djkus dh lwpuk Hkh e`rd ds ;gkWa ugha nh x;h u gh ikfylh vLohdkj dh x;h fLFkfr esa ;gh ekuk tk;sxk fd ckyfd'ku dh ikfylh fnukad 04-01-2014 ls izHkkoh gks x;hA foi{kh us vius tokc esa o izkFkZuk&i= is'k djds fuosnu fd;k gS fd chek/kkjd us 1 djksM+ chek jkf'k rFkk blds vfrfjDr ekufld gSjkuh ijs'kkuh ifjokn O;; fnykus dk vuqrks"k pkgk gS] tks ,d djksM+ ds Åij gks tkrk gSA blfy, bl vk;ksx dks Jo.kkf/kdkj ugha gSA ifjoknh us vuqrks"k ds iSjk la[;k 1 esa fuEu vafdr fd;k gS %& **foi{khx.k dks funsZ'k fn;k tkosa fd os vfoyac ifjokfnuh dks mldh chek ikWfylh dh le ba';ksMZ jkf'k :i;s ,d djksM+ rkjh[k nk;jh 18 izfr'kr okf"kZd C;kt rk vnk;xh rd ,oa ekufld gSjkuh ijs'kkuh] ifjogu O;; rFkk ifjokn O;; vkfn ds isVs Hkh mfpr jkf'k vnk djsa **A blds vuqlkj ifjokfnuh us ,d djksM+ :i;s o nkok nk;j djus ls 18 izfr'kr C;kt ekaxk gS ekufld gSjkuh ijs'kkuh ,oa ifjogu rFkk ifjokn O;; vkfn ds isVs dksbZ jkf'k vksiu ugha dh gS flQZ bruk dgk gS fd mfpr jkf'k vnk djsa Åij of.kZr rF;ksa ds vuqlkj ifjoknh i{k dks 75]00]000@&:- dh jkf'k o ekufld larki ds 1]00]000@&:- rFkk ifjokn O;; ds 25]000@&:- fnyok;s gS tks ,d djksM+ ls de gSA fLFkfr esa bl vk;ksx dk Jo.kkf/kdkj gks tkrk gS blfy, foi{kh dh tokc dh vkifRr o izkFkZuk&i= esa mBk;h x;h vkifRr vLohdkj dh tkrh gSA 19 blds vykok vxj e`rd ckyfd'ku us 1 djksM+ dk chek djok;k Fkk rFkk 3]00]000@&:- okf"kZd vk; crk;h FkhA foi{kh ds vuqlkj 3]00]000@&:- okf"kZd vk; okyksa dh 25 ls xq.kk djus ij 75]00]000@&:- ls T;knk dk chek ugha gks ldrkA ,slh fLFkfr esa ;gh ekuk tk;sxk fd ckyfd'ku dk chek 75]00]000@&:-

dk gqvk uk fd 1 djksM+ dkA fLFkfr esa ifjokfnuh dk ifjokn vkaf'kd :i ls Lohdkj djds vkns'k fn;k tkuk U;k;ksfpr gS fd 75]00]000@&:- ¼ v{kjs fipgRrj yk[k :- ½ ifjokn nk;j djus dh fnukad 17-11-2014 ls 9 izfr'kr okf"kZd dh nj ls C;kt lfgr fnyok;k tkuk mfpr gSA ,oa ekufld larki ds 1]00]000@&:- ¼ v{kjs ,d yk[k :- ½ rFkk ifjokn O;; ds 25]000@&:- ¼ v{kjs iPphl gtkj :- ½ fnyok;k tkuk mfpr gSA bl izdj.k esa e`rd dh iRuh us ifjokn nk;j fd;k gS jk'ku dkMZ ds vuqlkj e`rd ds ,d iq=h Hkh gS e`rd ds ekrk ;k vU; mRrjkf/kdkjh gS ;k ugha ;g Li"V ugha gS chek ikfylh tkjh ugha gqbZ Fkh blfy, uksfeuh dk irk ugha py ldrk] fLFkfr esa mfpr gksxk fd ifjoknh i{k l{ke U;k;ky; ls mRrjkf/kdkj izek.k&i= izkIr djsa rFkk mDr mRrjkf/kdkj izek.k&i= foi{kh ds ;gkWa is'k djsa vkSj foi{kh mRrjkf/kdkj izek.k&i= izkIr djus ds ,d ekg esa l{ke mRrjkf/kdkjh dks C;kt lfgr jkf'k vnk djsAa vkns'k vr% ifjokfnuh dk ifjokn vkaf'kd :i ls Lohdkj dj foi{khx.k dks vkns'k fn;k tkrk gS fd oks ifjokfnuh i{k }kjk l{ke U;k;ky; ls mRrjkf/kdkj izek.k&i= izkIr dj] foi{khx.k ds ;gkWa is'k djus ij foi{khx.k mRrjkf/kdkj izek.k&i= izkIr djus ds ,d ekg esa l{ke mRrjkf/kdkjh dks C;kt lfgr jkf'k 75]00]000@&:- ¼ v{kjs fipgRrj yk[k :- ½ ifjokn nk;j djus dh fnukad 17- 11-2014 ls 9 izfr'kr okf"kZd dh nj ls C;kt lfgr vnk djsa ,oa ekufld larki ds 1]00]000@&:- ¼ v{kjs ,d yk[k :- ½ rFkk ifjokn O;; ds 25]000@&:-
¼ v{kjs iPphl gtkj :- ½ vnk djsAa 20 ¼ ehuk esgrk ½ ¼ dey dqekj ckxMh ½ lnL; lnL; ¼U;kf;d½ @ikBd@