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Union of India - Section

Section 3 in The Rules For The Manufacture, Use, Import, Export And Storage Of Hazardous Micro-Organisms/genetically Engineered organisms Or Cells, 1989

3. Definitions.-

In these rules, unless the context requires,
(i)"Biotechnology" means the application of scientific and engineering principles to the processing of materials by biological agents to produce goods and services;
(ii)"cell hybridisation" means the formation of live cells with new combinations of genetic material through the fusion of two or more cells by means of methods which do not occur naturally;
(iii)[ "Expert Members:" Director General-Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Director General -Indian Council of Medical Research, Director General-Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Director General­Health Services, Plant Protection Advisor, Directorate of Plant Protection, Quarantine and Storage, Chairman, Central Pollution Control Board or their representatives not below the rank of Joint Secretary and three outside experts in individual capacity.] [Substituted by G.S.R. 1(E), 23rd December, 2010]
(iv)"genetic engineering" means the technique by which heritable material which does not usually occur or will not occur naturally in the organism or cell concerned, generated outside the organism or the cell is inserted into said cell or organism. It shall also mean the formation of new combinations of genetic material by incorporation of a cell into a host cell, where they occur naturally (self-cloning as well as modification of an organism or in a cell by deletion and removal of parts of the heritable material;
(v)"micro-organisms" shall include all the bacteria, viruses, fungi, mycoplasma, cell lines, algae, protozoans and nematodes indicated in the Schedule and those that have not been presently known to exist in the country.
Prior to substitution by by G.S.R. 1(E), 23rd December, 2010 on 23.12.2010 the clause (iii) read under;(iii) "gene technology" means the application of the gene technique called genetic engineering, include self-cloning and deletion as well as cell hybridisation;