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[Cites 0, Cited by 0] [Section 5] [Entire Act]

Union of India - Subsection

Section 5(3) in The Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board (Determining Capacity of Petroleum, Petroleum Products and Natural Gas Pipeline) Regulations, 2010

(3)The parameters for the steady state simulation for determining the pipeline capacity shall be considered as given below namely:-
(a)Constant parameters in the unit as specified in the approved flow equation as per sub-clause (v) of this clause.
(i)Internal diameter - The internal diameter shall be determined based on weighted average of internal diameters based on different pipe thicknesses, used in different sections in the pipeline system.
(ii)Length - The actual length (for already installed pipeline) or proposed length (for yet to be installed pipeline) of the pipe in the pipeline system.
(iii)Roughness - This is fixed value for a pipe which determines the unevenness inside a pipe. Depending on the pipe material the below given value for roughness factors, all be used:
Type of Material Roughness (micron)
Steel- New Pipe  
- With internal coating 10-15
- Without internal coating 35-40
Steel - old Pipe (more than ten years)  
- With internal coating 15-20
- Without internal coating 40-45
For old pipelines already operating, roughness factor shall be determined by duly calibrating actual field data in the approved flow equation. These factors shall be assessed by the capacity assessment group. For new pipelines, roughness factor used shall be decided keeping in view the operating conditions and pipeline feature like bends, valves, or any other restrictions present in the system:Provided that the entity shall declare in advance the roughness factor considered for the pipes with relevant operating data to support the value chosen in case it is different from the above values.
(iv)Efficiency factor - Efficiency factor within the range of 0.85 to 1.0 shall be used. For old pipelines already operating, efficiency factor shall be determined by duly calibrating actual field data in the approved flow equation. These factors shall be assessed by the capacity assessment group. For new pipelines efficiency factor used shall be decided keeping in view the operating conditions and pipeline feature like, bends, valves, life of pipeline or any other restrictions present in the system:
Provided that the entity shall declare in advance, the efficiency factor considered for the pipes with relevant operating data to support the value chosen in case it is different from the above values giving complete analysis. The Board may direct the entity to improve upon such design.
(v)Formula - For determination of friction factor in the pipeline the following flow equation shall be used;
Type of Pipeline Name of Flow equation
Natural Gas Panhandle ModifiedPanhandle A for Pipe size ≤24"Panhandle B for Pipe size > 24"
Petroleum and Petroleum Products Colebrook White
Explanation: For the determination of capacity of petroleum and petroleum products pipelines, the roughness factor shall be used. For natural gas pipelines, the efficiency factor shall be used.
(vi)Velocity - The maximum allowable velocity of natural gas or petroleum product in the pipeline shall be 20 m/sec in case of natural gas pipeline and 2 m/sec in case of petroleum product pipelines or as per relevant regulations on Technical Standards and Specifications including Safety Standards whichever is lower, if specified.
(vii)STP - The pipeline capacity shall be determined at the designed MAOP or de-rated MAOP due to any condition, for the petroleum, petroleum products or natural gas pipelines and with the following standard Pressure and Temperature:
Standard pressure : 1.01325 bar
Standard temperature : 15°C
(b)Variable parameters - (i) Operating temperature - This is the actual temperature that a pipe is exposed to throughout the year. This temperature will be considered, for the purpose of determining capacity, as per the table below:
Country Region Temperature (°C)
Winter Summer
Tropical area such as North and North West India 20 30
Rest of India 30 30
(ii)Inlet temperature - This is the inlet temperature of the petroleum, petroleum products and natural gas from the source into the pipeline.
(iii)Outlet temperature - This is the outlet temperature, of the petroleum, petroleum products and natural gas at the delivery point.
(iv)Inlet pressure - The maximum pressure that is available at the entry point to the pipeline system.
(v)Outlet pressure - The minimum pressure that is required by the customer at the delivery or exit point as per access arrangement entered into by the shipper and the transporter.
(vi)Source Supply flow - This is the maximum flow that can be available from the source.
(vii)Delivery flow - This is the maximum flow that is required by the customer at the exit point as per access arrangement entered into by the shipper and the transporter.
(viii)Elevation difference - Depending on the terrain of the ground profile, this factor will be considered from the mean sea level of the area.
(ix)Gas composition - The gas composition indicating all components totaling 100% by volume is to be given with the level of impurities as per Schedule II of the Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board (Access Code for common or contract carrier Natural Gas Pipelines) Regulations, 2009. From this, necessary input to the flow equation shall be worked out.
In case of more than one source, the weighted average composition of comingled natural gas beyond the second source of entry point shall be considered. Notwithstanding interdependency of various parameters, the gas parameters as described in Schedule of regulations of Access Code shall be declared before hand with reference to gas properties.
(x)In case of natural gas pipeline, the gas quality at exit point shall be as per the Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board (Access Code for common or contract carrier Natural Gas Pipelines) Regulations, 2008. In case of petroleum products the entry point parameters shall be such that the deliveries of products at delivery point or tap off point or exit points shall be as per the prevalent BIS specifications applicable.