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[Cites 11, Cited by 0]

Gujarat High Court

Jagdishbhai @ Jagabhai Pababhai vs State Of Gujarat & on 22 December, 2015

Author: R.M.Chhaya

Bench: R.M.Chhaya

                C/SCA/13594/2008                                           JUDGMENT



                        SPECIAL CIVIL APPLICATION NO.13594 of 2008
          
                 For Approval and Signature:
                 HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE R.M.CHHAYA                                   Sd/­
         =====================================================
             Whether   Reporters   of   Local   Papers   may   be 
         1                                                                            NO
             allowed to see the judgment ?
         2 To be referred to the Reporter or not ?                                    NO
             Whether   their   Lordships   wish   to   see   the 
         3                                                                            NO
             fair copy of the judgment ?
           Whether   this   case   involves   a   substantial 
           question   of   law   as   to   the   interpretation 
         4                                                                            NO
           of the constitution of India, 1950 or any 
           order made thereunder ?
             Whether   it   is   to   be   circulated   to   the 
         5                                                                            NO
             civil judge ?
         ===================================================
                    JAGDISHBHAI @ JAGABHAI PABABHAI 
                       MAKWANA....Petitioner(s)
                                 Versus
               STATE OF GUJARAT  &  10....Respondent(s)
         ===================================================
         Appearance:
         NOTICE UNSERVED for the Petitioner(s) No. 1
         PARTY­IN­PERSON, ADVOCATE for Petitioner(s) No. 1
         MR MANAN MEHTA, AGP for Respondent(s) No.1­5, 7­11
         RULE SERVED for the Respondent(s) No. 6
         ===================================================
               CORAM: HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE R.M.CHHAYA
                           Date : 22/12/2015
                             ORAL JUDGMENT

(1) Heard the petitioner, Mr.Jagdishbhai @ Jagabhai  Pababhai   Makwana,   as   party­in­person   and  Mr.Manan   Mehta,  learned   Assistant   Government  Pleader for respondent Nos.1 to 5 and 7 to 11.  Though served none appears for respondent No.6. (2) By   way   of   this  petition  under  Article  226  of  the Constitution  of India, the petitioner has  prayed for the following reliefs:

"(A) A writ of mandamus or a writ in the nature of mandamus or  Page 1 of 39 HC-NIC Page 1 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT any other appropriate  writ, order or direction  may kindly  be  issued directing the respondent to remove Shri A.M. Tiwari as  a Chairman as well as Shri A.B. Parmar as a Secretary of the  Scrutiny Committee.
(B) A writ of mandamus or a writ in the nature of mandamus or  any other appropriate  writ, order or direction  may kindly  be  issued   directing   the   respondent   to   appoint   somebody   as   a  member­chairman   of   the   Scrutiny   Committee   and   also   appoint  somebody as a secretary of the scrutiny committee.
(C) Pending   admission,   hearing   and   final   disposal   of   this  petition direct the respondent to remove Shri A.M. Tiwari as a  Chairman   as   well   as   Shri   A.B.   Parmar   as   a   Secretary   of   the  Scrutiny Committee.
(D) Pass such other and further orders as may deem fit in the  interest of justice.
(E) quash the impugned minute of meeting of 6/10/08 pending  admission, hearing and final disposal of this petition, direct  to stay the proceeding and cancellation, of the certificate.
(F) Due   to   subsequent   development   of   concelling   the   caste  certificate, Hon'bl court may quash and set aside the impugned  order dated 20.11.2008 and direct the respondents not to take  to act on the direction of the order date 20.11.2008 till the  court   takes   their  final  decision.   Hon'ble   Court   may   pass  appropriate order as they deem fit."

(3) It appears form the prayers which are amended  that during pendency of this petition the caste  certificate issued in favour of the petitioner  on   04.06.1975   was   cancelled   by   order   dated  20.11.2008.

(4) The   facts  of   the  case  which  emerges  from  the  record of the petition are as under: 

(5) As per the petitioner,  the petitioner  belongs  to   Bharwad   Community   of   Gir,   Barda   and   Alech  forest area. That Bharwad Community is declared  to   be   a   Schedule   Tribe   (S.T.   for   short)   by  notification   dated   29.10.1956   issued   by   the  Page 2 of 39 HC-NIC Page 2 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT Hon'ble   the   President   of   India.   That   the  forefathers of the petitioner were residing in  the forest area and therefore the petitioner is  entitled   to   be   conferred   the   status   of   S.T.  Bharwad.   It   appears   from   the   record   that  Mamlatdar, Bhanvad, issued a caste certificate  to the petitioner on 04.06.1975 certifying the  petitioner   belongs   to   S.T.   Bharwad   community. 

Petitioner   pointed   out   during   course   of  arguments that he is engineer and was employed  in Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL)  in the Schedule Tribe category on 17.06.1985. 

(6) Record   of   the   petition   indicates   that   one   of  the officers of the BPCL wrote a letter dated  14.05.1998   to   the   Commissioner,   Tribal  Development,  State   of   Gujarat,   requesting   to  verify the caste certificate of the petitioner.  That about nine years nothing was done by the  authorities of the State of Gujarat.  That for  the   first   time   on   09.02.2007   the   Deputy  Commissioner,   Tribal   Development,  State   of  Gujarat,  informed   the   petitioner   as   regards  verification   of   the   caste   certificate   of   the  petitioner.   That   the   petitioner   was   informed  that in spite of the fact that the petitioner  was   asked   to   remain   present   before   District  Collector,   Jamnagar,   the   petitioner   has   not  remained   present   and   therefore   the   petitioner  was   asked   to   contact   District   Collector,  Page 3 of 39 HC-NIC Page 3 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT Jamnagar.   That   when   the   petitioner   contacted  the   District   Collector   the   petitioner   was  informed   that   the   petitioner   was   not   called  upon. 

(7) As per the petitioner Vigilance Officer (Tribal  Development,   Rajkot),   asked   the   petitioner   to  remain   present   before   him.   As   averred   by   the  petitioner   the   petitioner   remained   present  before the Vigilance Officer and submitted all  necessary   and   requisite   documents  substantiating   the   fact   that   the   petitioner  belongs  to  S.T.  category  and  on  the  basis  of  and on appreciation of evidence, the Vigilance  Officer   submitted   a   report   before   the  Secretary, Scrutiny Committee dated 30.03.2007.  Record indicates that by further  communication  dated  09.03.2007   the   Secretary,   Scrutiny  Committee   informed   the   petitioner   that  verification   of   the   caste   certificate   of   the  petitioner   is   being   done   by   the   Scrutiny  Committee   and   the   petitioner   was   asked   to  remain   present   before   the   said   committee   on  03.04.2007   along   with   the   documents   mentioned  in the said letter and the documents on which  the petitioner relies. That the next meeting of  the Scrutiny Committee was held on  04.04.2007  wherein   the   petitioner   submitted   the   required  documents to prove that the petitioner belongs  to   S.T.   category.   That   the   statement   of   the  Page 4 of 39 HC-NIC Page 4 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT petitioner was also recorded on that day, which  is part of the record. 

(8) Record reveals that thereafter by communication  dated  29.05.2007   the   petitioner   was   asked   to  submit further documents which were demanded by  the  Scrutiny Committee and was also thereafter  asked   to   remain   present   before   the   Scrutiny  Committee on 06.08.2007. It is the say of the  petitioner that on the said day the petitioner  was informed that investigation with regard to  the caste certificate of the petitioner shall  be carried out by Director, Tribal Research and  Training Institute and the petitioner was asked  to remain present before the said authority on  22.09.2007 and the petitioner remained present  on   the   said   day   and   submitted   written  documents. 

(9) Record   further   indicates   that   the   Secretary,  Tribal   Development   Department,   thereafter  formed a committee comprising of three members  i.e. Director, TRTI, Vigilance Officer (Tribal  Development),   Rajkot   and   Deputy   Director,  Training   Coordination   Branch,   Commissioner  Tribal Development, Head Office Gandhinagar. It  further   reveals   that   such   committee   conducted  the said inquiry and submitted its report dated  05.11.2007   wherein   it   is   clearly   stated   that  the documents produced by the petitioner to the  Page 5 of 39 HC-NIC Page 5 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT fact that the petitioner belongs to S.T. gives  corroboration to the said fact. Record further  reveals   that   the   Scrutiny   Committee   decided  that further inquiry about verification of the  caste   certificate   of   the   petitioner   would   be  conducted   by   the   Office   of   the   Commissioner,  Tribal   Development.   It   is   alleged   by   the  petitioner that though no record was available  with   the   office   of   Commissioner,   Tribal  Development Department, who was  to inquire as  per   the   Scrutiny   Committee,   the   Deputy  Commissioner,   who   was   the   Secretary   to   the  Scrutiny   Committee   himself   formed   an   illegal  committee,   comprising   of   Deputy   Commissioner,  Tribal Development himself and his subordinate  officers.   Such   committee   constituted   by   the  Secretary   himself   submitted   report   dated  13.03.2008.   It   is   the   say   of   the   petitioner  that   the   report   remained   incomplete   and  thereafter   the   Committee,   so   appointed   called  the   various   officers   from   the   Forest  Department,   Revenue   Department,   as   well   as  DILR,   Jamnagar,   and   directed   them   to   remain  present   before   the   Scrutiny   Committee   on  10.04.2008. 

(10) It   is   alleged   by   the   petitioner   that   the  Scrutiny   Committee   did   not   call   upon   such  officers,   however,   chairman   of   the   committee  Page 6 of 39 HC-NIC Page 6 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT approved   the   same.   It   is   the   say   of   the  petitioner that in the meeting of the Scrutiny  Committee   held   on   05.05.2008   the   officers   of  the   Forest   Department   remained   present   and  submitted   documents,   maps,   etc.   and   also  submitted   before   the   Scrutiny   Committee   that  the department does not possess any material or  documents   as   of   the   year   1956,   however,   such  officers,   who   remained   present   before   the  Scrutiny   Committee   submitted   the   documents   as  on the date on which the same were prepared. 

(11) It appears  that thereafter the petitioner was  called upon by the Deputy Commissioner, Tribal  Development   Department,   by   notice   dated  16.05.2008 asking the petitioner to clarify why  the   caste   certificate   dated   04.06.1975   should  not   be   cancelled.   It   is   alleged   by   the  petitioner   that   the   petitioner   was   not   given  any   information   about   the   report   of   the   so­ called   committee   constituted   by   the   Deputy  Director,   who   was   also   Secretary   of   the  Scrutiny Committee and therefore the petitioner  had   to   apply   for   getting   the   same   under   the  Right to Information Act, 2005. It is further  alleged by the petitioner that such information  containing 80 pages was given on 27.06.2008 and  further   information   containing   450   pages   was  given on the next next day i.e. 28.06.2008 and  the   petitioner   was   asked   to   remain   present  Page 7 of 39 HC-NIC Page 7 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT before   the   Scrutiny   Committee   on   30.06.2008  i.e. within a period of one day. It is further  stated that by further letter dated 23.06.2008  the petitioner was asked to visit the office of  the   Deputy   Director   in   order   to   verify   the  documents   asking   the   petitioner   to   remain  present for such work on 27.06.2008, however,  such letter was received by the petitioner on  the next day i.e. on 28.06.2008. 

(12) Record   indicates   that   the   petitioner   was  further served with a notice dated 16.05.2008,  which   was   replied   to   by   the   petitioner   on  14.06.2008 whereby the petitioner informed the  authorities that all documents are not supplied  to   the   petitioner   and   in   absence   of   such  documents   it   would   not   be   possible   for   the  petitioner   to   give   proper   reply.   That  thereafter   the   petitioner   was   served   with  another   notice   dated   19.06.2008   asking   the  petitioner   to   remain   present   before   the  Secretary,   Scrutiny   Committee   on   30.06.2008,  which was received by the petitioner at Mumbai  on   26.06.2008.   That   on   receipt   of   the   said  communication  dated   26.06.2008   the   petitioner  wrote letter(s) to Deputy Commissioner as well  as   Chairman,   Scrutiny   Committee   on   27.06.2008  that   the   petitioner   is   not   provided   all  documents and therefore he will not be able to  remain   present   on   30.06.2008.   Petitioner   has  Page 8 of 39 HC-NIC Page 8 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT further averred that as the petitioner received  no   response   from   Deputy   Commissioner,   the  petitioner again sent a letter dated 30.06.2008  through   facsimile   as   well   as   email   to   the  members of the  Scrutiny Committee stating the  aforesaid aspect and the petitioner also prayed  for an adjournment and to grant next date for  hearing   and   even   though   the   petitioner   asked  for adjournment the petitioner was not granted  and   as   averred   in   the   petition   that   the  petitioner   was   granted   no   time   to   reply   of  voluminous record consisting of  530 pages and  therefore the impugned order is passed without  giving proper opportunity of being heard and is  in violation of principles of natural justice.

(13) Record also reveals that as thereafter no reply  was   received,   the   petitioner   approached   this  Court   by   way   of   filing   Special   Civil  Application No.9177/08 before this Court, which  came   to   be   disposed   of   vide   order   dated  11.07.2008 wherein it is observed thus:

1. Leave   to   correct   the   name   of   the   petitioner   as  'Jagdishbhai Pababhai Makwana'.
2. The present petition  is preferred  for appropriate  writ  to   direct   the   respondent   Nos.   1   to   4   not   to   take   any  decision pursuant to the Notice dated 16.05.2008 and it  is  also  prayed  that  opportunity   of  being  heard   may  be  given to the petitioner.
3. Heard   Mr.K.D.Shah   for   Mr.Tushar   Mehta   for   the  petitioner   and   Mr.Pujari,   learned   AGP   for   the   State  Authorities upon advance copy.
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4. As   such,   the   initiation   of   the   proceedings   by   way   of  Show Cause Notice is not lacking jurisdiction with the  authority   and   it   is   also   an   admitted   position   that  uptil now, no order is passed. Therefore, the petition  can be said as premature. 

5. Mr.Shah,   learned   counsel   appearing   for   the   petitioner  however   submitted   that   reasonable   opportunity   may   be  given   to   the   petitioner   to   submit   the   reply   and   the  opportunity of hearing also.

6. Mr.Pujari, learned AGP states that if an application is  made,   15   days   time   will   be   given   to   submit   the   reply  and further 15 days time shall be given for hearing of  the matter.

7. In   view   of   the   above,   if   the   petitioner   moves   an  application   for   submitting   reply   and/or   for   hearing,  the   authority   shall   grant   reasonable   time   as   declared  and recorded hereinabove.

8. Subject  to the aforesaid  observations,  the petition is  not entertained at this stage.

Sd/­         (JAYANT PATEL, J.)"

(14) It   is   further   alleged   by   the   petitioner   that  the petitioner had time and again complained by  filing various letters and also relied upon the  guidelines issued by the Apex Court in the case  of  Kumari   Madhuri   Patil   Vs.   Additional  Commissioner,   Tribal   Development,   A.I.R.   1995  SC  94.   It   is   alleged   by   the   petitioner   that  though it is shown in the order and the record  of the respondents that the petitioner remained  present in the meeting held on 06.12.2007 the  petitioner was never summoned on 06.12.2007. It  is   further   contended   by   the   petitioner   that  even   though   this   Court   passed   order   as   the  aforesaid dated 11.07.2008, the petitioner was  informed by communication dated 22.07.2008 that  his caste certificate is cancelled. It further  Page 10 of 39 HC-NIC Page 10 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT appears that ultimately the petitioner appeared  on 06.10.2008 and also conveyed the Chairman of  the Scrutiny Committee to inform the petitioner  if anything is lacking  wherein the  petitioner  was informed that written  submissions will be  looked into before passing any further orders. 

However,   ultimately   by   order   dated   20.11.2008  the caste certificate issued in favour of the  petitioner   came   to   be   cancelled.   Hence,   this  petition.

(15) It may further be noted that the petitioner has  further   amended   the   petition   and   has   raised  contentions on the facts which are part of his  arguments   and   therefore   they   have   been   dealt  with at appropriate time.

(16) Petitioner, the Party­in­person, has taken this  Court through the factual matrix arising out of  this   petition   and   also   submitted   a   written  submission in the form of synopsis as well as  the   grounds.   Petitioner   has   also   relied   upon  the vital documents viz. the family tree given  by  Talati­cum­Mantri  of   Bharatpur   Gram  Panchayat as well as photocopy of the extract  of Village Form No.6 in favour of Bharwad Kumbh  Ala being Entry No.233 dated 06.10.1956. It was  mainly contended by the petitioner as under:

i) that   the   caste   certificate   was   issued   on  Page 11 of 39 HC-NIC Page 11 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT 04.06.1975 on the basis of the evidence, which  was   produced   by   the   petitioner   and   even  Mamlatdar,   Bhanvad,   has   confirmed   about   the  same, however, record of the year 1975 has been  destroyed at the office as the certificate was  issued   before   34   years   of   the   inquiry.   That  signature of the Mamlatdar was also verified by  the Joint Committee. 

ii) Relying   upon   the   notification   issued   by   the  Central   Government   it   was   contended   that   the  position   as   on   the   date   of   Presidential  notification   dated   29.10.1956   is   to   be  considered   while   determining   the   question  whether the petitioner belongs to S.T. or not.

iii) That   the   caste   certificate   of   the   petitioner  was issued on 04.06.1975 by Mamlatdar, Bhanvad,  on the basis of Masvadi Receipts of the father  and   grandfather   of   the   petitioner,   which   is  also   reflected   in   the   Vigilance   Officer's  report.

iv) Relying upon the family tree it was contended  that   his   grandfather   Kumbha   Ala   was   allotted  agricultural land under Maldhari Vasahat Yogna,  Rajkot,   which   clearly   reveals   that   his   grand  parents   were   living   in   forest   prior   to  Presidential notification dated 29.10.1956.



         v)    That   Masvadi   Receipts   also   show   that   the 

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                C/SCA/13594/2008                                           JUDGMENT



petitioner   belongs   to   the   Maldhari   Community  and   such   receipts   were   verified   by   the  competent  authority  before  granting  the   caste  certificate   dated   04.06.1975,   which   is  conclusive   proof   that   the   family   and/or   the  parents   of   the   Maldhari   are   dwelling   in   the  forest area. 

vi) Relying upon the family tree it was submitted  that   Paba   Kara,   who   happens   to   be   the   great  grandfather   of   the  petitioner  from   the   same  family stayed in forest area and the petitioner  has   also   relied   upon   Masvadi   receipt   dated  09.09.1943,   which   is   of   Ranivav   Ness.   The  petitioner has also relied upon another aspect  that his great grandfather Paba Kara also given  benefit of Rs.120/­ as Maldhari, which is also  before   the   Presidential   notification   dated  29.10.1956.

vii) In addition to the above, it was also contended  that Rama Ladha, Daya Gokal, who happen to be  of the same family and are cousin grandfathers  of   the   petitioner,   who   stayed   for  decades   at  Bala   Ness   and   the   petitioner   had   also   relied  upon   Masvadi   Receipt   in   their   names   dated  07.08.1949.   It   was   also   contended   that  Gopalpara   Ness   and   Ranivav   Ness   are   at   a  distance   of   0.5   km.   It   is   further   contended  that "Ness" means huts, spread across the ness  Page 13 of 39 HC-NIC Page 13 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT area in the forest area.

viii)That the Scrutiny Committee while passing the  impugned   order   has   discarded   opinion   of   the  Vigilance  Officer  dated   03.03.2007  wherein  it  is conclusively held by the Vigilance Officer  that   the   predecessors   of   the   petitioner   were  staying   in   the   forest   area   in   Ness   and   such  opinion   is   based   on   Masvadi   Receipt   dated  09.09.1943 as well as the financial assistance  given   to   the   grandfather   of   the   petitioner  under   Saurashtra  Backward  Class  Board,  Rajkot  on 14.02.1958.

ix) That   there   is   total   breach   of   the   directions  and the guidelines issued by the Apex Court in  the   judgment   rendered   in   the   case   of   Kumari  Madhuri Patil  (supra)  while deciding the case  of the petitioner by the Scrutiny Committee.

x) That   even   as   per   the   said   guidelines   the  Secretary,   Scrutiny   Committee   has   only   to   do  the   administrative   and   secretarial   work,  whereas in the case of the petitioner special  interest was taken by the Secretary, who also  happens   to   be   the   Deputy   Director   of   Tribal  Commissionerate.

xi) That three members Committee constituted by the  Deputy   Director   as   Secretary   of   the   Scrutiny  Page 14 of 39 HC-NIC Page 14 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT Committee   was   illegally   constituted   and   the  petitioner   was   not   even   given   copy   of   the  report and the very basis of the impugned order  in each aspect is based on such report, which  was   submitted   by   a   illegally   constituted  committee.

xii) That   there   is   total   breach   of   the   guidelines  issued by the State Government on the basis of  the judgment of Kumari Madhuri Patil (supra) in  as much as that the petitioner was deprived not  only   of   the   hearing   but   was   also   not   given  documents,   which   are   made   the   basis   of   the  impugned order.

xiii)That after much difficulties the petitioner had  to apply under the provisions of the Right to  Information   Act,   2005   to   get   the   material   on  which   the   committee   has   passed   the   impugned  order   and   therefore   there   is   total   denial   of  principles of natural justice while passing the  impugned order.

xiv) That   because   of   personal   vengeance   Deputy  Director   of   the   Commissionerate   Tribal,   who  happens   to   be   the   Secretary   of   the   Scrutiny  Committee,   took   personal   interest,   which   is  beyond the jurisdiction and competence of the  Secretary of the Scrutiny Committee.

xv) Relying   upon   the   Government   Circular   dated  Page 15 of 39 HC-NIC Page 15 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT 20.07.2000   (of   Tribal   Development   Department)  it   was   contended   that   manner   in   which   the  Secretary has acted in case of the petitioner  is beyond the jurisdiction and power.

xvi) Relying upon the Circular of the Government of  India dated 04.03.2005 as well as Resolution of  the   State   Government   dated   29.03.2005   it   was  pointed out that "parents" would mean even the  forefathers and the following generation would  also fall within the category of S.T. xvii)That   even   though   the   Apex   Court   has   provided  period of two months to decide the issue about  the validity of the caste certificate granted  in   favour   of   the   petitioner,   the   said   issue  lingered for almost more than three years and  such inquiry was conducted on the basis of the  erstwhile employee of BPCL only with a view to  harass the petitioner. 

xviii) That  the  documents  which  were  submitted  and  relied upon by the petitioner are only referred  to in the impugned order and the same are not  considered   and   new   material,   which   was  collected by the Secretary by constituting an  illegal   committee,   is   made   the   basis   of   the  impugned order.

xix) That   the   reasons   for   which   the   caste  Page 16 of 39 HC-NIC Page 16 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT certificate was given way back on 04.06.1975 to  the   petitioner   is   cancelled   on   the   basis   of  non­germane grounds and/or facts as position as  on   the   day   of   the   presidential   notification  dated 29.10.1956 is to be considered, whereas  the   authorities   have   considered,  more  particularly  as   regards   the   boundary   of   the  forest as is existed after commencement of the  Wildlife Protection Act, 1972. That non­germane  issues have been taken into consideration and  therefore the findings given by the authority  in   the   impugned   order   are  de   hors  the  provisions   of   the   presidential   notification  dated 29.10.1956 and the same is in violation  of the Constitution of India.

xx) Petitioner   has   also   placed   reliance   upon   the  following judgments:

(a) Kumari   Madhuri   Patil   Vs.   Additional  Commissioner, Tribal Development, A.I.R. 1995 SC  94;
(b) Gayatrilaxmi   Bapurao   Nagpure   Vs/.   State   of  Maharashtra, 1996 (3) S.C.C. 685;
(c) State   of   Bihar   Vs.   Sumit   Anand,   2005   (12)  S.C.C. 248;
(d) Anand   V/s.   Committee   for   Scrutiny   And  Verification   of   Tribe   Claims,   2012   (1)  S.C.C.  113;
(e) Ramana   Dayaram   Shetty   Vs.   International  Airport   Authority   of   India   &   Ors.,   (1979)   3  S.C.C. 489;
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(f) Common   Cause,   a   Registered   Society,   V/s.  Union of India & Ors., AIR 1996 SC 3538; AND

(g) Kishankumar   Balubhai   Garsar   Vs.   Collector,  Jamnagar & Ors., 2007 (2) G.L.H. 305.

xxi) That with a pre­determined mind and with mala  fide intention to cancel the caste certificate  issued   to   the   petition   on   04.06.1975   the  proceeding   of   the   Scrutiny   Committee   were  conducted,   which   is   also   not   as   per   the  constitution of the Scrutiny Committee and even  it is alleged that the report is not signed by  all the members.

(17) Per contra learned Assistant Government Pleader  has relied upon the impugned order as well as  the   affidavit­in­reply   filed   by   the   State  Government authorities in this petition. It was  contended that the impugned order is legal and  proper and as per the guidelines issued by the  Apex Court in the case of Kumari Madhuri Patil  (supra). Relying upon the affidavit­in­reply it  was   denied   that   there  was   any  mala   fide  intention on the part of the Scrutiny Committee  and has submitted that the petitioner could not  prove his case before the Scrutiny  Committee.  It was also contended that the documents, which  were   produced   by   the   petitioner   were   not  sufficient to even  prima facie  prove that his  Page 18 of 39 HC-NIC Page 18 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT ancestor   stayed   in   any   forest   area   and  therefore   the   impugned   order   is   legal   and  proper and does not require any interference of  by Court. Reliance is placed upon the following  judgments:

(a) Rameshbhai   Mathurbhai   Patel   Vs.   State   of  Gujarat, AIR 2012 Guj. 106;
(b) Division   Bench   order   of   this   Court   in  Letters   Patent   Appeal   No.1236/14   dated  19.11.2014; AND
(c) Learned Single Judge order of this Court in  Special Civil Application No.2902­2903/10.

No other or further submissions have been made  by   the   petitioner   as   well   as   the   learned  Assistant Government Pleader.

(18) Considering   the   submissions   made   by   the  petitioner  as   well   as  learned   Assistant  Government Pleader this Court thought it fit to  call for the original record and proceedings of  the   Scrutiny   Committee.   The   original   record  indicates that the documents relied upon by the  petitioner  were   very   much   there   before  the  Scrutiny Committee.

(19) It is a matter of record that by presidential  notification   dated   29.10.1956   Maldhari   or  Bharwad communities residing in forest areas of  Page 19 of 39 HC-NIC Page 19 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT Gir, Barda and Alech Forest Areas were accorded  status of S.T. Record further establishes that  the petitioner was given the caste certificate  as belonging to S.T. category by the competent  authority   i.e.   Mamlatdar,   Bhanvad,   on  04.06.1975   and   as   averred   in   the   petition,  which is not controverted, the petitioner was  employed   with   BPCL   in   S.T.   category   on  17.06.1985   and   was   working   as   Assistant  Manager,   (Marketing   Corporate),   BPCL,   at  Mumbai. In course of inquiry by the Vigilance  Officer   of   Tribal   Development   Department,  Rajkot, first inquired into the issue involved  in   this   petition   as   regards   verification   and  veracity of the caste certificate issued to the  petitioner   on   04.06.1975.   Vigilance   Officer  made   an   inquiry   report   on   30.03.2007.   It   is  reiterated   by   the   Vigilance   Officer   on   the  basis of the documents which are enumerated in  the   report,  more   particularly  Masvadi   receipt  dated   09.09.1943   in   the   name   of   Pababhai  Karabhai   Makwana,   who   happens   to   be   the  grandfather   of   the   petitioner   as   well   as  evidence as regards  payment of  Rs.120/­ given  as   assistance   by   Saurashtra   Backward   Class  Board, Rajkot on 14.02.1958 as well as family  tree,   which   was   prepared   by  Talati­cum­Mantri  of Bharatpur Gram Panchayat, Dist. Jamnagar, as  held that the petitioner and his ancestors were  residing in Ranivav Ness area. 


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                C/SCA/13594/2008                                               JUDGMENT




(20) At   this   juncture   it   would   be   appropriate   to  refer to the judgment of the Apex Court in the  case   of  Kumari   Madhuri   Patil  (supra)  wherein  the Apex Court has laid down the guidelines and  has streamlined as provided at Paragraph No.12  as under:

"12.   The   admission   wrongly   gained   or   a   appointment  wrongly   obtained   on   the   basis   of   false   social   status  certificate necessarily have the effect of depriving the  genuine   Scheduled   Castes   or   Scheduled   Tribes   or   OBC  candidates   as   enjoined   in   the   Constitution   of   the  benefits   conferred   on   them   by   the   Constitution.   The  genuine   candidates   are   also   denied   admission   to  educational   institutions   or   appointments   to   office   or  posts   under   a   State   for   want   of   social   status  certificate.   The   ineligible   or   spurious   persons   who  falsely   gained   entry   resort   to   dilatory   tactics   and  create   hurdles   in   completion   of   the   inquiries   by   the  Scrutiny Committee. It is true that the applications for  admission to educational institutions are generally made  by a parent, since on that date many a time the student  may be a minor. It is the parent or the guardian who may  play   fraud   claiming   false   status   certificate.   It   is,  therefore,   necessary   that   the   certificates   issued   are  scrutinised   at   the   earliest   and   with   utmost   expedition  and   promptitude.   For   that   purpose,   it   is   necessary   to  streamline   the   procedure   for   the   issuance   of   a   social  status   certificates,   their   scrutiny   and   their   approval,  which may be the following:
1.   The   application   for   grant   of   social   status  certificate shall be made to the Revenue­Sub­Divisional  Officer and Deputy Collector or Deputy Commissioner and  the certificate shall be issued by such Officer rather  than at the Officer, Taluk or Mandal level.
2. The parent, guardian or the candidate, as the case  may be, shall file an affidavit duly sworn and attested  by a competent gazetted officer or non­gazetted officer  with particulars of castes and sub­castes, tribe, tribal  community,   parts   of   groups   of   tribes   or   tribal  communities,   the   place   from   which   he   originally   hails  from and other particulars as may be prescribed by the  concerned Directorate.
3. Application   for   verification   of   the   caste  certificate by the Scrutiny Committee shall be filed at  least   six   months   in   advance   before   seeking   admission  into   educational   institution   or   an   appointment   to   a  Page 21 of 39 HC-NIC Page 21 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT post.
4. All   the   State   Governments   shall   constitute   a  Committee of three officers, namely, (I) an Additional  or Joint Secretary or any office higher in rank of the  Director of the concerned department, (II) the Director,  Social   Welfare   /   Tribal   Welfare   /   Backward   Class  Welfare,   as   the   case   may,   and   (III)   in   the   case   of  Scheduled   Castes   another   officer   who   has   intimate  knowledge in the verification and issuance of the social  status   certificates.   In   the   case   of   the   Scheduled  Tribes, the Research Officer who has intimate knowledge  in identifying the tribes, tribal communities, parts of  or groups of tribes or tribal communities.
5. Each Directorate should constitute a vigilance cell  consisting of Senior Deputy Superintendent of Police in  overall charge and such number of Police Inspectors to  investigate into the social status claims. The Inspector  would go to the local place of residence and original  place from which the candidate hails and usually resides  or in case of migration to the town or city, the place  from   which   he   originally   hailed   from.   The   vigilance  officer   should   personally   verify   and   collect   all   the  facts of the social status claimed by the candidate or  the   parent   or   guardian,   as   the   case   may   be.   He   also  should examine the school records,  birth  registration,  if any. He should also examine the parent, guardian or  the candidate in relation to their caste etc. or such  other persons who have knowledge of the social status of  the   candidate   and   then   submit   a   report   to   the  Directorate  together  with  all  particulars as  envisaged  in the proforma, in particular, of the Scheduled Tribes  relating   to   their   peculiar   anthropological   and  ethnological   traits,   deity,   rituals,   customs,   mode   of  marriage,   death   ceremonies,   method   of   burial   and   dead  bodies etc. by the concerned castes or tribes or tribal  communities etc.
6. The Director concerned, on receipt of the report from  the vigilance officer if he found the claim for social  status to be "not genuine'' or "doubtful'' or spurious  or   falsely   or   wrongly   claimed,   the   Director   concerned  should issue show cause notice supplying a copy of the  report of the vigilance officer to the candidate by a  registered post with acknowledgment due or through the  head of the concerned educational institution in which  the candidate is studying or employed. The notice should  indicate that the representation or reply, if any, would  be made within two weeks from the date of the receipt of  the notice and in no case on request not more than 30  days   from   the   date   of   the   receipt   of   the   notice.   In  case, the candidate seeks for an opportunity of hearing  Page 22 of 39 HC-NIC Page 22 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT and   claims  an   inquiry   to   be   made   in   that  behalf,  the  Director on receipt of such representation / reply shall  convene the Committee and the Joint / Addl. Secretary as  Chairperson who shall give reasonable opportunity to the  candidate / parent / guardian to adduce all evidence in  support of their claim. A public notice by beat of drum  or   any   other   convenient   mode   may   be   published   in   the  village   or   locality   and   if   any   person   or   association  opposes such a claim, an opportunity to adduce evidence  may be given to him / it. After giving such opportunity  either in person or through counsel, the Committee may  make such inquiry as it deems expedient and consider the  claims vis­a­vis the objections raised by the candidate  or   opponent   and   pass   an   appropriate   order   with   brief  reasons in support thereof.
7. In case the report is in favour of the candidate and  found to be genuine and true, no further action need be  taken except where the report or the particulars given  are   procured   or   found   to   be   false   or   fraudulently  obtained and in the latter event the same procedure as  is envisaged in para 6 be followed.
8. Notice contemplated in para 6 should be issued to the  parents / guardian also in case candidate is minor to  appear before the Committee with all evidence in his or  their   support   of   the   claim   for   the   social   status  certificates.
9. The inquiry should be completed as expeditiously as  possible preferably by day­today proceedings within such  period not exceeding two months. If after inquiry, the  caste Scrutiny Committee finds the claim to be false or  spurious,   they   should   pass   an   order   cancelling   the  certificate   issued   and   confiscate   the   same.   It   should  communicate   within   one   month   from   the   date   of   the  conclusion of the proceedings the result of enquiry to  the parent / guardian and the applicant.
10. In case of any delay in finalising the proceedings,  and in the meanwhile the last date for admission into an  educational   institution   or   appointment   to   an   officer  post, is getting expired, the candidate be admitted by  the Principal or such other authority competent in that  behalf or appointed on the basis of the social status  certificate already issued or an affidavit duly sworn by  the parent / guardian / candidate before the competent  officer   or   non­official   and   such   admission   or  appointment should be only provisional, subject to the  result of the inquiry by the Scrutiny Committee.
11. The order passed by the Committee shall be final and  conclusive only subject to the proceedings under Article  226 of the Constitution.
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12.   No   suit   or   other   proceedings   before   any   other  authority should lie.

13.   The   High   Court   would   dispose   of   these   cases   as  expeditiously   as   possible   within   a   period   of   three  months. In case, as per its procedure, the writ petition  / Miscellaneous petition / matter is disposed of by a  single Judge, then no further appeal would lie against  that order to the Division Bench but subject to special  leave under Article 136.

14. In case, the certificate obtained or social status  claimed is found to be false, the parent / guardian /  the   candidate   should   be   prosecuted   for   making   false  claim.   If   the   prosecution   ends   in   a   conviction   and  sentence   of   the   accused,   it   could   be   regarded   as   an  offence involving moral turpitude, disqualification for  elective posts or offices under the State or the Union  or   elections   to   any   local   body,   legislature   or   the  Parliament.

15. As soon as the finding is recorded by the Scrutiny  Committee   holding   that   the   certificate   obtained   was  false,   on   its   cancellation   and   confiscation  simultaneously,   it   should   be   communicated   to   the  concerned   educational   institution   or   the   appointing  authority   by   registered   post   with   acknowledgment   due  with   a   request   to   cancel   the   admission   or   the  appointment.   The   Principal   etc.   of   the   educational  institution responsible for making the admission or the  appointing   authority,   should   cancel   the   admission   /  appointment without any further notice to the candidate  and debar the candidate for further study or continue in  office in a post."

(21) State Government as per the aforesaid judgment  has   adopted   the   guidelines   as   enumerated   at  Paragraph   No.12   of   the   said   judgment   and  constituted a Scrutiny Committee by resolution  dated   20.07.2000.   As   per   the   said   resolution  the   Scrutiny   Committee   consisted   of   three  members as under:

(i) Additional   Chief   Secretary/   Principal  Secretary   /   Secretary   /   Tribal   Development  Department,   Sachivalaya,  Gandhinagar,   as  Chairman;
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(ii) Commissioner,   Tribal   Development,   Gujarat  State, Gandhinagar, as Member; AND

(iii)   Director,   Tribal   Development   Research   and  Training Center, Gujarat Vidhyapith, as Member.

(22) It   appears   from   such   constitution   that   three  members   -   consisting   of   one   Chairman   and   two  members   out   of   which   one   is   an   expert.   Said  circular   further   recites   that   Deputy  Commissioner   working   in   the   office   of  Commissioner, Tribal Development, would be the  Secretary of Scrutiny Committee  to handle the  work   like   calling   of   meeting,   preparation   of  the   minutes   of   the   meeting,   etc.   and   other  administrative work. Said circular is entirely  based   on   the   directions   issued   by   the   Apex  Court in the judgment of  Kumari Madhuri Patil  (supra).   Said   circular   also   provides   for   the  powers   of   the   Scrutiny   Committee.   Thus,   by  following   the   directions   issued   by   the   Apex  Court in the judgment of in the case of Kumari  Madhuri Patil  (supra), such Scrutiny Committee  came  to  be  constituted  for  the   first  time  by  the   State   Government  vide  Resolution   dated  20.07.2000. Record shows that the said Scrutiny  Committee has thereafter been re­constituted by  addition of one member.

(23) In light of the aforesaid position, therefore,  Page 25 of 39 HC-NIC Page 25 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT it   requires   to   be   seen   whether   the   Scrutiny  Committee, which is so appointed by the State  Government, has adhered to the guidelines given  by the Apex Court in the judgment in the case  of  Kumari   Madhuri   Patil  (supra)  or   not.   On  examination   of   the   record   of   the   petition   as  well   as   the   original   record   of   the   Scrutiny  Committee and on perusal of the impugned order,  it   appears  that  it   is   to   be   examined  whether  the Scrutiny Committee has considered the case  of the petitioner as per the guidelines of the  Apex   Court   in   the   judgment   of  Kumari   Madhuri  Patil(supra) or not.

(24) Upon examining the record of this petition as  well as the original record and the contentions  raised by the  petitioner, it appears that the  petitioner had submitted as many as 27 various  documents,   which   can   be   seen   from   Paragraph  No.3   of   the   impugned   order.   Similarly,   it   is  also   found   from   the   impugned   order   that   the  Scrutiny Committee has taken into consideration  the   statements,   which   are   given   by   various  officers as well as the revenue officers of the  area and other documents. It is also seen from  the impugned order in Paragraph No.4 thereof on  record is attributed to the inquiry reports.

(25) The   Scrutiny   Committee   has   also   noted   the  contents of the said report. The impugned order  Page 26 of 39 HC-NIC Page 26 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT records   that   the  petitioner  was   given  opportunity  to   be   heard   lastly   on   06.10.2008  and   the   impugned   order   also   records   that   the  meeting of the Scrutiny Committee was held on  30.06.2008 wherein the petitioner had remained  absent.   Paragraph   No.6   of   the   impugned   order  deals   with   the   submissions   made   by   the  petitioner and the documents relied upon by the  petitioner,   whereas   Paragraph   No.7   thereof  recites record of the government considered by  the Scrutiny Committee as well as the documents  relied  upon  it,   which  is   47   in   number.  While  coming  to   the  conclusion  it   is   found  that  at  every   stage   the   Scrutiny   Committee   has  considered   the   statement   and   the   record  submitted by the Government authorities, which  is not as existed from the date of presidential  notification   i.e.   dated   29.10.1956.   Learned  Assistant Government Pleader has not been able  to   controvert   the   contentions   raised   by   the  petitioner that the documents which were relied  upon   against   the   petitioner   by   the   Scrutiny  Committee were not supplied to the  petitioner  and   in   fact  the   record  of  the  petition  shows  that   the   petitioner   had   to   apply   under   the  provisions   of   the   Right   to   Information   Act,  2005 to get such documents. The Apex Court in  the case of Anand V/s. Committee for Scrutiny  And   Verification   of   Tribe   Claims  (supra)  has  observed   (at   Paragraph   Nos.13,   16­18   and   20)  Page 27 of 39 HC-NIC Page 27 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT thus:

"13. Article   342   of   the   Constitution   of   India  empowers the President of India to specify the tribes  or tribal communities or parts or groups within them  which   shall   for   the   purposes   of   the   Constitution   be  deemed to be Scheduled Tribes in relation to a State  or a Union Territory, as the case may be. Under clause  (2) of Article 342, the power to include in or exclude  from   the   lists   of   Scheduled   Tribes   specified   in   a  notification,  issued   under   clause   (1)   of   Article   342  of   the   Constitution,   vests   in   the   Parliament.   In  exercise of the powers conferred by Article 342 of the  Constitution,   the   President   issued   an   order,   called  the Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) Order, 1950. This  was   followed   by   the   Scheduled   Castes   and   Scheduled  Tribes Order (Amendment) Act, 1956. In the year 1976,  the   Parliament   enacted   the   Scheduled   Castes   and  Scheduled Tribes Order (Amendment) Act, 1976. Part IX  of   the   Third   Schedule   to   the   Amending   Act   specifies  Scheduled Tribes for the State of Maharashtra. One of  the Scheduled Tribes so specified therein is "Halba",  "Halbi".

16.   In   the   light   of   the   aforesaid   observations,   the  State of Maharashtra enacted the Maharashtra Scheduled  Castes, Scheduled Tribes, De­notified Tribes, (Vimukta  Jatis),   Nomadic   Tribes,   Other   Backward   Classes   and  Special Backward Category (Regulation of Issuance and  Verification   of)   Caste   Certificate   Act,   2000   (for  short   "the   Act").   The   Act   made   statutory   provisions  for verification and scrutiny of caste claims by the  Competent   Authority   and   subsequently   by   the   Caste  Scrutiny   Committee.   In   exercise   of   its   rule   making  power   under   the   Act,   the   State   notified   the   Rules  laying   down   a   complete   procedure   for   obtaining   and  verification   of   Scheduled   Tribes   Certificate.  Therefore,   insofar   as   the   State   of   Maharashtra   is  concerned, the verification and grant and/or rejection  of   Scheduled  Tribe  Certificate  by   the   Caste   Scrutiny  Committee has to be as per the procedure prescribed in  the Rules.

17.   Rule   11(2)   enumerates   a   list   of   documents   to   be  filed along with the application to the Caste Scrutiny  Committee.   Rule   12   prescribes   the   procedure   to   be  followed by the Caste Scrutiny Committee on receipt of  such application in the prescribed format. It provides  that if the Caste Scrutiny Committee is not satisfied  with   the   documentary   evidence   produced   by   the  applicant,   it   shall   forward   the   application   to   the  Vigilance   Cell   for   conducting   the   school,   home   and  other   enquiry.   Sub­rule   (3)   of   Rule   12   requires   the  Page 28 of 39 HC-NIC Page 28 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT Vigilance   Officer   to   visit   the   local   place   of  residence   and   the   original   place   from   where   the  applicant hails and usually resides. The rules further  stipulate that the Vigilance Officer shall personally  verify   and   collect   all   the   facts   about   the   social  status   claimed   by   the   applicant   or   his   parents   or  guardians, as the case may be. He is also required to  examine the parents or the guardians or the applicant  for the purpose of verification of their tribe. It is  evident   that   the   scope   of   enquiry   by   the   Vigilance  Officer is broad­based and is not confined only to the  verification of documents filed by the applicant with  the   application   or   the   disclosures   made   therein.  Obviously,   the   enquiry,   supposed   to   be   conducted   by  the Vigilance Officer, would include the affinity test  of   the   applicant   to   a   particular   tribe   to   which   he  claims to belong. In other words, an enquiry into the  kinship and affinity of the applicant to a particular  Scheduled Tribe is not alien to the scheme of the Act  and the Rules. In fact, it is relevant and germane to  the determination of social status of an applicant. We  are of the view that for the purpose of examining the  caste   claim   under   the   Rules,   the   following  observations   of   this   Court   in   Kumari   Madhuri   Patil  (AIR 1995 SC 94) (supra), still hold the field:­ ".The   vigilance   officer   should   personally   verify  and   collect   all   the   facts   of   the   social   status  claimed by the candidate or the parent or guardian,  as   the   case   may   be.   He   should   also   examine   the  school   records,   birth   registration,   if   any.   He  should   also   examine   the   parent,   guardian   or   the  candidate in relation to their caste etc. or such  other   persons   who   have   knowledge   of   the   social  status of the candidate and then submit a report to  the   Directorate   together   with   all   particulars   as  envisaged in the pro forma, in particular, of the  Scheduled   Tribes   relating   to   their   peculiar  anthropological   and   ethnological   traits,   deity,  rituals,   customs,   mode   of   marriage,   death  ceremonies, method of burial of dead bodies etc. by  the   castes   or   tribes   or   tribal   communities  concerned etc."

18.It   is   manifest   from   the   afore­extracted   paragraph  that   the   genuineness   of   a   caste   claim   has   to   be  considered not only on a thorough examination of the  documents submitted in support of the claim but also  on   the   affinity   test,   which   would   include   the  anthropological   and   ethnological   traits   etc.,   of   the  applicant.   However,   it   is   neither   feasible   nor  desirable to lay down an absolute rule, which could be  applied   mechanically   to   examine   a   caste   claim.  Nevertheless,   we   feel   that   the   following   broad  Page 29 of 39 HC-NIC Page 29 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT parameters could be kept in view while dealing with a  caste claim:

(i)While dealing with documentary evidence, greater  reliance   may   be   placed   on   pre­Independence  documents because they furnish a higher degree of  probative value to the declaration of status of a  caste, as compared to post­Independence documents. 

In case the applicant is the first generation ever  to   attend   school,   the   availability   of   any  documentary   evidence   becomes   difficult,   but   that  ipso facto does not call for the rejection of his  claim. In fact the mere fact that he is the first  generation ever to attend school, some benefit of  doubt   in   favour   of   the   applicant   may   be   given.  Needless to add that in the event of a doubt on the  credibility of a document, its veracity has to be  tested on the basis of oral evidence, for which an  opportunity has to be afforded to the applicant;

(ii)While applying the affinity test, which focuses  on the ethnological connections with the Scheduled  Tribe, a cautious approach has to be adopted. A few  decades ago, when the tribes were somewhat immune  to the cultural development happening around them,  the   affinity   test   could   serve   as   a   determinative  factor. However, with the migrations, modernisation  and   contact   with   other   communities,   these  communities   tend   to   develop   and   adopt   new   traits  which   may   not   essentially   match   with   the  traditional   characteristics   of   the   tribe.   Hence,  affinity test may not be regarded as a litmus test  for establishing the link of the applicant with a  Scheduled   Tribe.   Nevertheless,   the   claim   by   an  applicant that  he   is   a  part  of   a   Scheduled  Tribe  and   is   entitled   to   the   benefit   extended   to   that  tribe, cannot per se be disregarded on the ground  that   his   present   traits   do   not   match   his   tribes'  peculiar   anthropological   and   ethnological   traits,  deity,   rituals,   customs,   mode   of   marriage,   death  ceremonies,   method   of   burial   of   dead   bodies   etc.  Thus, the affinity test may be used to corroborate  the documentary evidence and should not be the sole  criteria to reject a claim.

20.   Having   examined   the   present   case   on   the  touchstone of the aforesaid broad parameters we are  of the opinion that the claim of the appellant has  not   been   examined   properly.   We   feel   that   the  documentary evidence produced by the appellant in  support of his claim had been lightly brushed aside  by   the   Vigilance   Officer   as   also   by   the   Caste  Scrutiny   Committee.   Insofar   as   the   High   Court   is  concerned it has rejected the claim solely on the  Page 30 of 39 HC-NIC Page 30 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT basis of the affinity test. It is pertinent to note  that   some   of   these   documents   date   back   to   the  independence era, issued to appellant's grandfather  and thus, hold great probative value as there can  be no reason for suppression of facts to claim a  non­existent benefit to the 'Halbi' Scheduled Tribe  at that point of time. From the documents produced  by the appellant, it appears that his near paternal  relatives   had   been   regarded   as   belonging   to   the  'Halbi'   Scheduled   Tribe.   The   Vigilance   Officer's  report   does   not   indicate   that   the   documents  produced by the appellant in support of his claim  are false. It merely refers to the comments made by  the   Head   Master   with   reference   to   the   school  records   of   appellant's   father's   maternal   brother  and his aunt, which had been alleged to be tampered  with,   to   change   the   entry   from   Koshti   Halba   to  Halba and nothing more. Neither the Head Master was  examined, nor any further enquiry was conducted to  verify the veracity of Head Master's statement. It  is of some importance to note at this juncture that  in   similar   cases,   involving   appellant's   first  cousin   and   his   paternal   uncle,   the   High   Court,  while   observing   non­application   of   mind   by   the  Caste   Scrutiny   Committee,   had   decided   a   similar  claim  in  their   favour.  We   are  convinced that  the  documentary evidence produced by the appellant was  not   examined   and   appreciated   in   its   proper  perspective and the High Court laid undue stress on  the affinity test. Thus, the decision of the Caste  Scrutiny   Committee   to   cancel   and   confiscate   the  caste  certificate  as  well   as  the  decision  of  the  High   Court,   affirming   the   said   decision   is  untenable. We are, therefore, of the opinion that  the   claim   of   the   appellant   deserves   to   be   re­ examined by the Caste Scrutiny Committee. For the  view   we   have   taken  on   facts   in   hand,   we   deem   it  unnecessary to refer to the decisions cited at the  bar.

(26) Similarly,   the   Apex   Court   in   the   case   of  Gayatrilaxmi   Bapurao   Nagpure  (supra)  has   held  that the Scrutiny Committee has to take greater  care before granting or rejecting any claim for  caste certificate. It is clarified therein that  though the burden heavily lies on the applicant  who   seeks   such   a   certificate,   however,   the  Page 31 of 39 HC-NIC Page 31 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT authority   has   a   vital   role   to   play.   Relying  upon the ratio laid down in the cases of Kumari  Madhuri   Patil  (supra)  as   well   as  Director   of  Tribal Welfare, Govt. of A.P. Vs. Laveti Giri,  1995 4  S.C.C.  321 the Apex Court has observed  at Paragraph Nos.15­18 as under:

"15.  It  is  true  that  this Court in  Kumari  Madhuri  Patil's   case   (1994   AIR   SCW   4116)   (supra)   has  observed (Para 14) :
"The   Committee   which   is   empowered   to   evaluate   the  evidence placed before it when records a finding of  fact, it ought to prevail unless found vitiated by  judicial   review   of   any   High   Court   subject   to  limitations  of   interference   with   findings   of   fact.  The Committee when considers all the material facts  and   records   a   finding,   though   another   view,   as   a  court of appeal may be possible, it is not a ground  to   reverse   the   findings.   The   court   has   to   see  whether   the   Committee   considered   all   the   relevant  material   placed   before   it   or   has   not   applied   its  mind to relevant facts which have led the committee  ultimately recorded the finding. Each case must be  considered in the backdrop of its own facts."

16. The same view has been reiterated in Director of  Tribal Welfare, Govt. of AP v. Laveti Giri, (1995) 4  SCC 32 : (1995 AIR SCW 2289).

17.   Applying   the   above   test   to   the   facts   of   the  present   case,   we   are   satisfied   that   the   Committee  failed to consider all the relevant materials placed  before it and did not apply its mind to an important  document   "Sl.   No.   9"   which   led   the   Committee   to  ultimately  record   a   finding   against   the   appellant.  By a wrongful denial of the caste certificate, the  genuine   candidate,   he/she   will   be   deprived   of   the  privileges   conferred   upon   him/her   by   the  Constitution.  Therefore   greater   care   must   be   taken  before   granting   or   rejecting   any   claim   for   caste  certificate.

18.   The   High   Court   without   appreciating   the  probative   value   of   the   documents   placed   before   it  has   dismissed   the   writ   petition   filed   by   the  appellant   by   simply   accepting   the   conclusions  reached   by   the   second­respondent   Committee.  Undoubtedly,   in   cases   of   this   type,   the   burden  heavily   lies   on   the   applicant   who   seeks   such   a  certificate. That does not mean that the authorities  Page 32 of 39 HC-NIC Page 32 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT have no role to play in finding out the correctness  or   otherwise   of   the   claim   for   issue   of   a   caste  certificate. We are of the view that the concerned  authorities must also play a role in assisting the  Committee to arrive at a correct decision. In this  case,   except   the   documents   produced   by   the  appellant,   nothing   has   been   produced   by   the  concerned   authorities   to   arrive   at   a   different  conclusion."

(27) From the conclusion arrived at by the Scrutiny  Committee   it   appears   that   the   Scrutiny  Committee   has   not   considered   the   documents  which were supplied by the petitioner and has  ignored   the   Vigilance   Officer's   report   dated  30.03.2007 and the evidence which in fact has  been   produced   by   the   petitioner   has   wrongly  been brushed aside.

(28) It   is   found  from  the  impugned  order  that  the  Scrutiny Committee has also not considered the  Circular dated 04.03.2005 issued by the Central  Government   as   regards   clarification   about   the  entitlement of status of S.T. category in cases  were grandparents or ancestors were staying in  areas   which   are   notified   under   presidential  notification. It is reiterated in fact by way  of further instructions by the State Government  to all the authorities  by  communication  dated  29.03.2005.   It   is   not   the   case   of   the  respondents  that  no  one  in   the   family  of  the  petitioner is issued caste certificate and that  none of them belonging to Maldhari and Bharwad  Communities   and   being   a   S.T.   and   therefore  Page 33 of 39 HC-NIC Page 33 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT judgment   relied   upon   by  learned   Assistant  Government   Pleader  in   the   case   of  Rameshbhai  Mathurbhai   Patel  (supra)  would   not   be  applicable in the present case. Similarly, the  judgment   rendered   by   Division   Bench   of   this  Court   in  Letters   Patent   Appeal   No.1236/14  (supra) confirming the view taken by this Court  in   Special   Civil   Application   No.12881/12   vide  judgment and order dated 19.11.2014 is also not  be applicable to the facts of the present case  as in the said case what was challenged by the  petitioner  was   grant   of   caste   certificate   to  the respondent No.4 therein and after examining  the   record   and   the   order   of  the   Scrutiny  Committee   this   Court   held   that   the   Scrutiny  Committee has rightly  examined the certificate  issued   to  respondent   No.4  strictly   following  the principles  laid down by the Apex Court in  the   case   of  Kumari   Madhuri   Patil  (supra)  and  therefore   the   said   judgment   would   not   be  applicable in  the present  case. Similarly the  judgment   rendered   by   this   Court   in   Special  Civil   Application   Nos.2902­2903/13   dated  07.04.2014   is   also   not   applicable   to   the  present case.

(29) Petitioner,   party­in­person,   has   also   relied  upon   certain   documents   especially   the   family  tree,   the   fact   that   the   grandfather   of   the  petitioner was allotted land situated at Dungar  being a Maldhari out of kharaba land which, in  Page 34 of 39 HC-NIC Page 34 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT the opinion of this Court, is a vital document,  however, the same have not been considered by  the   Scrutiny   Committee.   In   the   facts   of   this  case,  more   particularly  upon   perusal   of   the  original   record   and   the   impugned   order   it   is  found   that   the   Scrutiny   Committee   has   not  properly   given   hearing   to   the   petitioner   to  prove his case and as observed hereinabove, the  Scrutiny   Committee   has   considered   the  Government   record   and   the   statements   of   the  officers   of   the   Forest   Department   as   well   as  the   Revenue   Department,   including  DILR  Office  of the area in question, which does not reflect  position   as   on   29.10.1956   i.e.   date   on   which  the presidential notification was issued.

(30) Considering   the   totality   of   the   facts   of   the  case   this   court   is   of   the   opinion   that   the  Scrutiny   Committee   has   not   properly   evaluated  the   evidence   before   it.   Petitioner   has   also  relied upon the judgment of the Apex Court in  the   case   of   Ramana   Dayaram   Shetty  (supra)  as  well   as   Common   Cause,   a   Registered   Society  (supra), however, in light of the observations  made   in   this   judgment   and   the   conclusion  arrived at, the same are not separately dealt  with and it would be sufficient to mention that  the Scrutiny Committee has not decided the case  of the petitioner as per the ratio laid down by  Apex   Court,  more   particularly  the   guidelines  Page 35 of 39 HC-NIC Page 35 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT given   by   the   Apex   Court   in   the   case   of  Kum.Madhuri   Patil(supra)  and   the   subsequent  policy   decision   on   the   subject   matter   by   the  State Government. It may also be noted that the  petitioner   has   made   allegations   against   the  Deputy Commissioner Tribal Department, who also  happens   to   be   the   Secretary   of   the   Scrutiny  Committee.   Such   facts   are   denied   by   the  respondents. However, this Court does not find  it necessary to deal with the same separately  since   on   the   contrary   the   said   aspect   has  drifted the main issue of examining whether the  impugned   order   is   legal   or   proper   or   not.  Following the ratio laid down by the Apex Court  in the case of Kumari Madhuri Patil (supra) it  is the duty of the Scrutiny Committee to adhere  to   the   guidelines  of   the   Apex  Court  and   then  decide   the   status   of   the   caste   certificate  issued   to   the   petitioner   by   the   competent  authority on the basis of the documents which  are also produced by the petitioner before the  Scrutiny Committee. It is an admitted position  that   the   caste   certificate   was   issued   on  04.06.1975   and   therefore   when   the   Scrutiny  Committee   was   dealing   with   the   same   after   a  long   period   it   should   have   been   done   after  careful   and   meticulous   scrutiny   of   the  documents. It is found that the evidence relied  upon by the Scrutiny Committee does not reflect  the   position   as   on   the   date   of   presidential  Page 36 of 39 HC-NIC Page 36 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT notification   and   therefore   there   is   an   error  apparent on the face of record in the findings  arrived at by the Scrutiny Committee on various  and major issues. Though it is found that the  Scrutiny   Committee   has   given   its   finding   on  each   point   and   aspect,   relying   upon   the  evidence   which   is   made   the   basis   of   such  finding is also erroneous. Not considering the  material which is already on record in a way is  not   only  an   error  apparent  on   face  of  record  but   the   same   amounts   to   denial   of   justice.  Documents,  more particularly like family tree,  Masvadi Receipts, financial assistance given to  the   grandfathers   of   the  petitioner  by  Saurashtra   Backward   Class   Board,   Rajkot   on  14.02.1958 and the land allotted in Dungar to  the grandfather of the petitioner as Maldhari.  It   is   also   found   that   the   Scrutiny   Committee  while   deciding   the   issue   whether   the   Ness   in  question was part of forest area is concerned,  is   also   not   properly   decided.   Instead   of  examining the position as it was existed prior  to 29.10.1956 the Scrutiny Committee has relied  upon the notifications, which are issued under  the   Wildlife   Protection   Act,   1972,   which   are  admittedly much after the date of presidential  notification   and   the   limits   of   the   reserved  forest of the sanctuary, which are fixed as per  the subsequent law cannot be made basis to come  to   the   conclusion   that   the   area   of   ness,   in  Page 37 of 39 HC-NIC Page 37 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT which the ancestral of the petitioner used to  reside was not part of the forest. Such error  is   eminently   found   from   the   impugned   order,  which is  de hors  the evidence on record which  was   submitted   by   the   petitioner   before   the  Scrutiny Committee. 

(31) When a person is confronted with the issue of  proving   that   he   belongs   to   a   particular  community, which is declared as S.T. as per the  presidential   notification   dated   29.10.1956   as  held by the Apex Court in the case of Kumari  Madhuri   Patil  (supra)  such   person  should   be  given proper and ample opportunity to do it.

(32) Resultantly   because   of   the   reasons   which   are  enumerated   hereinabove,   the   impugned   order  dated 20.11.2008 deserves to be quashed and set  aside   and   the   proceedings   of   verification   of  the caste certificate issued to the petitioner  dated 04.06.1975 deserves to be re­examined by  the   Scrutiny   Committee,   after   giving   all   the  documents   and   effective,   real   and   actual  opportunity of being heard, keeping in mind the  binding decision of the Apex Court in the case  of  Kumari   Madhuri   Patil  (supra)  and   also  keeping in mind the ratio laid down by the Apex  Court in the case of  State of Bihar Vs. Sumit  Anand (supra) and the material which is already  on   record   and   that   may   be   produced   by   the  Page 38 of 39 HC-NIC Page 38 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015 C/SCA/13594/2008 JUDGMENT petitioner. Such exercise shall be carried out  by  the   Scrutiny   Committee   within   a   period   of  two   months   from   the   date   of   receipt   of   this  order.   Petitioner   shall   also   cooperate   with  hearing   of   the   Scrutiny   Committee   and   the  Scrutiny   Committee   shall   decide   the   issue  afresh, without  in any manner being influenced  by any of the observations made in the impugned  order   as   well   as   in   this   order.   Rest   of   the  prayers   do   not   survive.   Petition   is   thus,  partly allowed accordingly. Party­in­person has  changed   his   residential  address,   which   is  provided   to   the  learned  Assistant   Government  Pleader. Rule is made absolute to the aforesaid  extent only. No costs.

 Sd/­        [R.M.CHHAYA, J ] ***  Bhavesh [pps]*   Page 39 of 39 HC-NIC Page 39 of 39 Created On Thu Dec 24 01:55:41 IST 2015