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State of Madhya Pradesh - Section

Section 9 in Madhya Pradesh Electricity Grid Code (Revision-II), 2019

9. Section 9

Frequency and Voltage Management
9.1Introduction. - This section describes the method by which all Users of the State Transmission System shall co-operate with SLDC and STU in contributing towards effective control of the system frequency and managing the EHV voltage of the State Transmission System.State Transmission System normally operates in synchronism with the Western Region Grid and WRLDC has the overall responsibility of the integrated operation of the Western Regional Power System. The constituents of the Region are required to follow the instructions of WRLDC for the backing down generation, regulating loads, MVAr drawal etc. to meet the objective.SLDC shall accordingly instruct Generating Units to regulate Generation/Export and hold reserves of active and reactive power within their respective declared parameters. SLDC shall also regulate the load as may be necessary to meet the objective.State Transmission System voltage levels can be affected by Regional operation. The STU/SLDC shall optimize voltage management by adjusting transformer taps (On Line Tap Changers) to the extent available and switching of circuits/capacitors/reactors and other operational steps. SLDC will instruct SSGS to regulate MVAr generation within their declared parameters. SLDC shall also instruct Discoms to regulate demand, if necessary.
9.2Objective. - The objectives of this section are as follows:• To define the responsibilities of all Users in contributing to frequency and voltage management.• To define the actions required to enable SLDC and STU to maintain State Transmission System voltages and frequency within acceptable levels in accordance with IEGC guidelines, and Planning and Security Standards for State Transmission System.
9.3Frequency Management
9.3.1The rated frequency of the system shall be 50 Hz and shall normally be regulated within the limits prescribed in IEGC Clause 4.6(b) as also specified in Connection Conditions. STU & SLDC as constituent of Western Region shall make all possible efforts to ensure that grid frequency remain within 49.90 - 50.05 Hz band.
9.3.2Falling frequency. - Under falling frequency conditions, SLDC shall take appropriate action to issue instructions, in co-ordination with WRLDC to arrest the falling frequency and restore it to be within permissible range. Such instructions may include dispatch instruction to the generators under control area of SLDC and/or instruction to Discoms and Open access users to reduce load demand by appropriate manual and/or automatic load shedding.
9.3.3Rising Frequency. - Under rising frequency conditions, SLDC shall take appropriate action to issue instructions to the generators under control area of SLDC in co-ordination with WRLDC, to arrest the rising frequency and restore frequency within permissible range. SLDC shall also issue instructions to Discoms and Open access users in coordination with WRLDC to lift Load shedding (if exists) in order to take additional load.
9.4Responsibilities
9.4.1SLDC shall monitor actual Drawal against scheduled Drawal and regulate internal generation/demand to maintain this schedule. SLDC shall also monitor reactive power drawal and availability of capacitor banks.
9.4.2Generating Stations under control area of SLDC shall follow the dispatch instructions issued by SLDC.
9.4.3Discoms and Open access users shall co-operate with SLDC in managing load & reactive power drawal on instruction from SLDC as required.
9.5Voltage Management
9.5.1Users using the State Transmission System shall make all possible efforts to ensure that the grid voltage always remains within the limits specified in IEGC at clause 5.2s and produced below:
Voltage(kVrms)
Nominal Maximum Minimum
765 800 728
400 420 380
220 245 198
132 145 122
33 36 30
9.5.2STU and/or SLDC shall carry out load flow studies based on operational data from time to time to predict where voltage problems may be encountered and to identify appropriate measures to ensure that voltages remain within the defined limits. On the basis of these studies, SLDC shall instruct the generators within its control area to maintain specified voltage level at interconnecting points. SLDC and STU shall co-ordinate with the Discoms to determine voltage level at the interconnection points.
SLDC shall continuously monitor 400/220/132kV voltage levels at strategic substations.
9.5.3SLDC shall take appropriate measures to control State Transmission System voltages, which may include but not be limited to transformer tap changing, capacitor/reactor switching including capacitor switching by Discoms at 33kV substations, operation of Hydro unit as synchronous condenser and use of MVAr reserves with the generators within its control area within technical limits agreed to between STU and Generators. Generators shall inform SLDC of their reactive reserve capability promptly on request.
9.5.4SSGS and IPPs shall make available to SLDC the up to date capability curves for all Generating Units, as detailed in Section 5, indicating any restrictions, to allow accurate system studies and effective operation of the State Transmission System. CPPs shall similarly furnish the net reactive capability that will be available for Export to/Import from State Transmission System.
9.5.5Discoms and Open access users shall participate in voltage management by providing Local VAR compensation (as far as possible in low voltage system close to load points) such that they do not depend upon EHV grid for reactive support.
9.6Reactive Power management
9.6.1Reactive power compensation should ideally be provided locally, by generating reactive power as close to the reactive power consumption as possible. The State Entities except Generating Stations are therefore expected to provide local Volt Ampere reactive (VAr) compensation/generation such that they do not draw VArs from the EHV grid, particularly under low-voltage condition. To discourage VAr drawals by Discoms except Generating Stations, VAr exchanges with State Grid shall be priced as follows:
(a)The Discoms pay for VAr drawal when voltage at the metering point is below 97%.
(b)The Discoms get paid for VAr return when voltage is below 97%.
(c)The Discoms get paid for VAr drawal when voltage is above103%.
(d)The Discoms pay for VAr return when voltage is above 103%.
The charge for VArh shall be as per IEGC Regulations, 2010, as amended from time to time.
9.6.2Notwithstanding the above, SLDC may direct a State Entities except Generating Stations to curtail its VAr drawal/injection in case the security of grid or safety of any equipment is endangered.
9.6.3In general, the State Entities except Generating Stations shall endeavour to minimize the VAr drawal at an interchange point when the voltage at that point is below 95% of rated voltage, and shall not return VAr when the voltage is above 105%. Transformer taps at the respective drawal points may be changed to control the VAr interchange as per State Entities except Generating Station's request to the SLDC, but only at reasonable intervals.
9.6.4Switching in/out of 400 kV bus and line Reactors throughout the grid shall be carried out as per instructions of RLDC/SLDC. Tap changing on all identified 400/220, 220/132 kV & 220/66 kV Transformers shall be done as per SLDCs instructions only.
9.6.5The SSGS and other generating stations connected to state grid shall generate/absorb reactive power as per instructions of SLDC, within capability limits of the respective generating units, that is without sacrificing on the active generation required at that time. No payments shall be made to the generating companies for such VAr generation/absorption.
9.7General. - Close co-ordination between Users and SLDC and STU shall exist at all times for the purposes of effective frequency and voltage management.