Allahabad High Court
Amar Nath vs Janardan Prasad Ojha on 2 March, 1987
Equivalent citations: AIR1988ALL116, AIR 1988 ALLAHABAD 116
ORDER V.K. Mehrotra, J.
1. Shyani Deurawa Assembly constituency No. 193, in District Gorakhpur went to polls on Mar. 2,1985. After counting of votes on Mar. 6, 1985 Janardan Prasad Ojha, one of the 17 contesting candidates, who was declared elected by the Assistant Returning Officer, is said to have received 28135 valid votes. Amar Nath, who has challenged his election through the present Election Petition, was a close second having received 28013 votes. The difference of votes between him and Janardan Prasad Ojha, who is the first respondent in the petition, was thus of 122 votes.
2. The e lection petition was presented in this Court on April 11, 1985. In it, the ground of challenge is contained in para. 5. The ground put forward is that the result of the election, in so for as it contained Janardan Prasad Ojha, was materially affected by improper acceptance of invalid ballot papers as valid in favour of Ojha, by improper rejection of valid votes cast in favour of petitioner Amar Nath and by non-compliance with the provisions of the Conductof Election Rules, 1961 and by other mistakes and irregularities committed during the course of counting in favour of Ojha.
3. The concise statement of material facts in respect of the ground aforesaid is contained in paras. 7 to 23of the petition. The prayer of the election petitioner is that, after allowing inspection of usedand rejected ballot papers of the Constituency and their re-scrutiny and recount, the election of Ojha be declared void and petitioner Amar Nath be declared elected to the U. P. Legislative Assembly from 193 Shyam Deurawa Assembly Constituency.
4. On Sept. 9, 1985 application A-5 was filed on behalf of the first respondent. This application, made under Order VI, Rule 16,C.P.C. read with Section 86(1) of the Representation of People Act, 1951 read with Order VII, Rule 11 and S. 151, C.P.C. prays that certain paras, of the petition and schedule appended to it be struck off and the petition be dismissed as disclosing no cause of action.
5. The challenge to the election of the first respondent is not on the basis of any corrupt practice. It is confined to a plea relating to Clauses (iii) and (iv) of Section 100(1)(d) of the Act. Consequently, the petition is to contain only a concise statement of the material facts on which the petitioner relies as enjoined by Section 83(1)(a). The material facts disclosed in the petition, read as a whole, should raise a triable issue relatable to Section 100(1)(d)(iii) and (iv). Unlike the case where the allegations of corrupt practice are made and where details of the nature mentioned in Section 83(1)(b) are to be disclosed, a case founded upon the ground mentioned in Section 100(1)(d)(iii) and (iv) would merit trial, if the general allegations containing a concise statement of material facts raise a triable issue. (Arun Kumar Bose v. Mohd. Furkan Ansari, AIR 1983 SC 1311 and S. N. Balakrishna v. George Fernandez, AIR 1969 SC 1201. Evidence is not to be mentioned in the petition nor particulars to be given. Kidwai Husain Kamil v. Yadav Ram Sewak, AIR 1964 All 86; Birj Sunder Sharma v. Shri Ram Dutt, AIR 1964 Raj 99and Manphul Singh v. Surinder Singh, AIR 1973 SC 2158.
6. The petition is to be read as a whole and the allegations are to be construed properly, gathering the intention of the party concerned primarily from the tenor and terms of the pleadings taken as a whole. Uday Singh v. Madhav Rao Scindia, AIR 1976 SC 744 and K.N. Mam v. P. J. Antony, AIR 1979 SC 234. The question whether some of the paragraphs of the petition deserve to be struck off under Order VI, Rule 16, C.P.C. is to be decided on a consideration of the averments contained in the Election Petition on the assumption that they are true and having regard to the language of Rule 16 of Order VI, C.P.C. it has to be found out whether the averments sought to be struck off are either unnecessary, frivolous and vexatious or that they are such as may tend to prejudice, embarass or delay fair trial of the election petition or that they constitute an abuse of the process of the court. Further, it has to be kept in mind that the burden of disclosing facts which are not within his knowledge cannot be cast on the election petitioner. Roop Lath Sathi v. Nachattar Singh, AIR 1982 SC 1559. The election petitioner must lay a proper foundation, in order to obtain recount of votes, by indicating the precise material on the basis of which it could be urged by him with some substance that there had been improper reception of invalid votes in favour of the elected candidate or improper rejection of valid votes in favour of the defeated candidate or wrong counting of votes in favour of the elected candidate which had in reality been castin favour of the defeated candidate (D. P. Sharma v. Commr. and Returning Officer, AIR 1984 SC 654).
The facts which should be stated in the petition should be those which, prima facie, show that the result of the election, in so far as it concerned the returned candidate, had been materially affected on that account. Likewise, the non-compliance of the provisions of the Act and the Rules or the orders made under the Act put forward by the election petitioner as a ground for setting aside the election of the returned candidate should be such which should, prima facie, show that the result of the election, in so far as it concerned the returned candidate, had been materially affected by it.
7-8. Paras. 7, 8 and 9 of the petition mention the fact that the Assistant Returning Officer (Settlement Officer Consolidation) had colluded with the first respondent. He employed his own Reader and one Sri Lalta Prasad, Lekhpal, who were not deputed to carry on the work of counting in place of Sarvasri Phool Chandra Singh, Avdesh Singh, Ram Adhar Singh and Rama Shankar who had been so deputed. Lalta Prasad and the Reader of the Assistant Returning Officer committed illegalities and irregularities and practised arbitrariness in the counting of votes so as to raise the number of votes.6f the first respondent. An application was moved at 1.00 p.m. on Mar. 6, 1985 by the election petitioner pointing out the fact that the Assistant Returning Officer was counting invalid votes as valid for the first respondent and the valid votes of the petitioner as invalid and had colluded with the first respondent so that it was not possible to count the votes impartially. A prayer was made to remove the Assistant Returning Officer and to appoint some other Assistant Returning Officer and the votes, both valid and invalid, to be recounted. This was not done so that the Assistant Returning Officer openly favoured the first respondent and got him declared elected. In paras. 10 to 12, it has been asserted that when the result of the election was not yet announced, at 9.19 p.m. the petitioner objected to the method of counting and stated that he had obtained more votes than the first respondent but the Assistant Returning Officer had incorrectly counted the votes and had incorrectly marked the votes of the petitioner as invalid though those ballot papers were valid. The petitioner prayed for recounting. Schedule '3' to the petition is a copy of the application made by the petitioner. No orders were passed on this application and without recounting and passing any orders, the result of the election was declared by the Assistant Returning Officer. At 9.40 p.m. another application (Schedule '4' to the petition) was moved by the petitioner before the Assistant Returning Officer asking him to give a copy of the order passed on his application. In spite of it, the Assistant Returning Officer did not hand over a copy of his order to the petitioner so that the petitioner had to file an application to the District Election Officer, Gorakhpur (Schedule '5' to the petition) at 10.30 p.m. the same day complaining therein that the result had been declared without passing an order on his application. In para. 13 of the petition, the averment is that on inquiry by the District Election Officer as to why he had not passed an order on the application made by the petitioner for recounting, the Assistant Returning Officer passed an order on it on Mar. 6, 1985 in which he incorrectly mentioned that he had told the petitioner that counting was done according to law. Also, that the petitioner and his supporters did not permit the Assistant Returning Officer to pass any order on the application. A copy of the Assistant Returning Officer's order dated March 6, 1985, has been filed as Schedule '6' to the petition. The three applications of which copies have been appended as Schedule '3', '4' and '5' do not mention any irregularity or illegality in the counting. They do say that counting had not been done in a correct manner and that the petitioner had received more votes than the number of votes that were said to have been received by him and that the votes which were held to be invalid were also not correctly so held, and that the votes should be counted again. In Schedule '4'and '5', the grievance is that copy of the order passed on the application (Schedule'3') had not been made available. What is thus stated in paras. 10 to 12 or in Schedule '3' is nothing more than a general statement alleging irregularity in the counting of votes without pointing out any specific irregularity as such. The allegation in para. 14 is that there had been a large scale improper acceptance of invalid votes in favour of the first respondent and also improper rejection of large number of ballot papers recording valid votes for the petitioner. Further that the petitioner's valid ballot papers had been mixed in the bundle of and counted for the first respondent and other respondents and that some votes of respondents 2 to 17 were also counted for the first respondent. This is also a vague statement without disclosing any such fact which could be pinpointed. But, in the succeeding para. 15 of the petition it has been asserted that the petitioner and his counting agents were not permitted to note down the serial numbers of the ballot papers which were improperly accepted and rejected on the ground that it would violate secrecy of votes.
9. In paras. 16 and 17 of the petition, the grievance put forward is that valid ballot papers which recorded votes in favour of the election petitioner were wrongly and improperly rejected as invalid. The petitioner had appended as Schedule 7 a statement giving out the Booth number, the village, the invalid votes and the votes of the petitioner which could be counted as his valid votes in a tabular form. According to this chart, the total number of invalid votes was 862 out of which 417 valid votes cast in favour of the petitioner were declared to be invalid. The allegation in these two paras, of the petition is that such particulars as the petitioner could know about these ballot papers were being given out in the Schedule and the further assertion is that valid votes were improperly rejected as invalid on the ground that they did not contain proper voting marks or had such marks from which the voter could be identified. In respect of these assertions, the criticism made on behalf of the first respondent is that the necessary details, namely, the number of ballot paper and the specific invalidity which was wrongly attributed to each of these ballot papers had not been disclosed nor had it been given out as to what had been the table number on which the counting in respect of these ballot papers was going on and which was the round of counting in which they were improperly rejected. The further criticism is that in the form that they have been stated in para. 16, the assertions themselves could be that the ballot papers were properly rejected as invalid.
10. In paras. 18 and 19 of the petition, the allegation is that the valid votes of the election petitioner were mixed in the bundle of votes of the first respondent and counted as valid votes of that respondent. Ram Daras, the counting Agent of the 4th respondent (Sri Aminuddin Khan) was watching the counting and prepared a list at table No. 16. According to the chart prepared by him, the election petitioner has received 152 votes at Polling Station 159 Village Mangalpur while the first respondent had obtained only 158 votes at that polling Station. However, in Form 20, at that Polling Station of village Mangalpur, the votes which were recorded in favour of the petitioner were only 52 (instead of 152) and those shown in favour of the first respondent were 258 (instead of 158). Thus, 100 votes of the petitioner were decreased and 100 votes of the first respondent were increased which materially affected the result of the election. Schedule B to the election petition is a copy of the chart prepared by Ram Daras. Its perusal shows that the election petitioner Amar Nath had obtained 152 votes while the first respondent Janardan Prasad Ojha had received 158 votes.
11. The criticism about this para., which was made by the learned counsel for the first respondent was that when seen in conjunction with Form 20, which is Schedule 9 to the petition, it was clear that the petitioner had given out facts about table No. 15 and not about table No. 16 and further that there was no such error, as alleged by the election petitioner in para. 19 of the election petition, committed in the counting.
12. Paras. 20, 21 and 22 contain allegations of a general nature to the effect that the result of the election, in so far as it concerned the first respondent, had been materially affected by the illegalities and irregularities and the non-compliance of the provisions of the Act and the conduct of the Election rules and that if there had been correct and proper counting and compliance with those provisions, the petitioner would have been declared elected by a majority of votes and further that the chart prepared by the Assistant Returning Officer was incorrect in view of the assertions made in the preceding paras.
13. It was said by way of criticism in regard to these paras, that the allegations were absolutely vague and did not aver any material fact raising a triable issue. In reply, it was urged on behalf of the petitioner that these paragraphs had to be read along with the preceding paras, and as part thereof so that even if they did not contain facts raising a triable issue by themselves, read as a whole the triable issue was clearly brought out by these and the preceding paras.
14. Para. 23 refers to an error made in recording of votes by the Assistant Returning Officer. The votes of polling station No. 113 to 128 in favour of the first respondent, at page 8 of Form 20, totalled to 1729 only but had been shown as 1736. Thus, the first respondent was incorrectly shown to have obtained seven votes more than what he actually obtained. The criticism about it is that the copy of Form 20f iled by the petitionen was not correct. It showed that respondent 1 had obtained only 141 votes at Polling Station No. 128 though, in reality, he had obtained 148 votes at the Polling Station as was mentioned in a certified copy of Form 20 which was placed on record by Sri R. C. Srivastava, Senior Counsel appearing for the first respondent, on Sept. 29, 1986 at the time of his submissions. Counsel for the petitioner reiterated that the copy filed by him was correct and later, along with an application dt, Oct. 14, 1986 (paper A-9) filed a certified copy of Form 20 in which the votes received by the first respondent at Polling Station No. 128 has been shown to be 141onlythough the total of the votes at the end of that page is shown as 1736 (as in the copy filed along with the election petition). Subsequently, a certified copy of the chart in Form 16 relating to Polling Station No. 128 (showing that the first respondent had received 148 votes) and a certified copy of the chart in Form 16 relating to Polling Station No. 159 showing that the election petitioner had received 52 votes while the first respondent had received 258 votes was placed on the record by the counsel for the first respondent along with his application (A-10) dt. Nov. 7. 1986.
15. The question about the accuracy or otherwise of the copies filed by the election petitioner and the first respondent will have to be determined with reference to the further evidence at the trial.
16. The first enquiry is whether any of the paragraphs of the election petition deserve to be struck off under Order VI, Rule 16, C.P.C. There is no allegation in the application (A 5) or the affidavit of Sankatha Prasad Yadav, claiming to be the pairokar of the first respondent, filed in support of that application, to the effect that the allegations in the petition or, for that matter, in any para, thereof were either unnecessary, scandalous, frivolous or vexatious or that they were such as tended to prejudice, embrrass or delay the fair trial of the election petition or that they constitute an abuse of the process of the Court. No such grievance was made by the learned counsel for the first respondent even during his submissions before me. In view of the principle laid down by the Supreme Court in Rooplal Sathi v. Nachhattar Singh, AIR 1982 SC 1559 no part of the election petition can, therefore, be directed to be struck of, under Rule 16 of Order VI, C.P.C.
17. The question then is whether the allegations made in the election petition are such which make out a cause of action for the trial of the petition, or else is the petition liable to be dismissed under Order VII, Rule 11, C .P.C. as disclosing no cause of action.
18. The assertions which have been made in the various paras, of the petition have been enummerised earlier. The criticism levelled against them by the learned counsel for the first respondent has also been noticed. May be, as argued on behalf of that respondent, some of the paras., by themselves, do not contain a statement of some material fact and, as such, do not give rise to a triable issue. But, reading the petition as a whole can it be said that no cause of action is disclosed in the petition for its trial.
19. The emphasis which the learned counsel for the first respondent placed during his submission wasupon the absence of details being given out in the election petition about the specific number of the ballot paper said to have been improperly rejected or received, the reason which was erroneously given out for such rejection or reception, the round of counting and the number of the table at which the alleged irregulatity took place, the name and number of the Polling Station in regard to which the irregularity in counting was alleged and the name of the counting officer or supervisor who committed the irregularity as also the names of the counting agents who gave the information about the alleged irregularity to the election petitioner. These are said to be the material facts which should have been stated in the petition.
20. The election petitioner has asserted in para. 15 that the petitioner and his counting agents were not permitted to note down the serial number of the ballot papers which were improperly accepted and rejected and that it was done on the ground that it would violate the secrecy of the votes. The allegation, if true, would make it difficult for the petitioner to give out the number of the ballot paper. The submission of Sri R. C. Srivastava was that there was no allegation that the petitioner or the counting agents were not permitted to note down the reason for rejection or the other details and that they were not permitted to inspect the ballot papers at the time of counting. To this extent he may be right but it cannot be overlooked that the case of the election petitioner is that the Assistant Returning Officer had colluded with the first respondent and had gone to the extent of employing his own Reader and Lalta Prasad, Lekhpal for the work of counting to the exclusion of Sarvsri Phool Chandra Singh, Awadesh Singh, Ram Adhar Singh and Rama Shanker who were deputed to perform that duty. The case also is that whatever details could be ascertained by the election petitioner were being given out by him. These details are contained in paras. 16 and 17 of the election petition read with Schedule VII, para. 19 read with ScheduleVIII and para. 23 read with Schedule IX to the election petition. Once the allegation of collusion with the returned candidate and arbitrary action of the Assistant Returning Officer, who was allegedly anxious to convert the majority of the election petitioner into minority in favour of the first respondent is, prima facie, treated to be correct. The circumstance that as full details as could have been given out, where the requisite rules relating to counting of votes contained in the Conduct of Election Rules, 1961 are said to have been followed, were not available to the petitioner will have to be kept in mind before insisting upon the furnishing of those details by way of material facts in the petition. The principles applicable to such a case have been discussed by me in detail in my order dated Feb. 23, 1987 while disposing of an application under Order VI, Rule 16 read with Order VII, Rule 17, C.P.C. in Election Petn. No. 16 of 1985 (reported in 1987 All LJ 1137), (Amrish v. Mahabir Singh Rana). Quite apart from it, the allegations at least in paras. 19 and 23 are such which, if proved, would make out a prima facie case forgoing into the question whether an inspection and recounting of votes, as prayed for by the election petitioner, was called for. These allegations would raise a triable issue to be decided on evidence. The petition cannot be thrown out as disclosing no cause of action. The correctness of the allegations in these paras, has to be assumed at this stage in view of what has been laid down by the Supreme Court in Rooplal Sathi, AIR 1982 SC 1559.
21. The prayer for striking out some paragraphs of the election petitions under Rule 16 of Order VI, C.P.C. and for dismissal of the petition as disclosing no cause of action in the absence of concise statement of material facts under Rule 11 of Order VII, C.P.C. deserves to be and is rejected. The petition shall now be listed on Mar., 23, 1987 for further orders.