Legal Document View

Unlock Advanced Research with PRISMAI

- Know your Kanoon - Doc Gen Hub - Counter Argument - Case Predict AI - Talk with IK Doc - ...
Upgrade to Premium
[Cites 1, Cited by 0]

Madras High Court

M.Shanmuganathan vs The State Of Tamil Nadu on 10 March, 2022

Author: S.M.Subramaniam

Bench: S.M.Subramaniam

                                                             W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch


                                  BEFORE THE MADURAI BENCH OF MADRAS HIGH COURT

                                                DATED: 10.03.2022

                                                     CORAM:

                                    THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE S.M.SUBRAMANIAM

                            W.P.(MD) Nos.1661, 24375, 24761 & 25975 of 2019
                   4601, 4602, 6323, 6359, 6843, 6923, 7070, 7915, 7918, 8029, 8902,
                     8971, 9413, 9823, 9841, 9977, 9978, 9986, 10003, 11379, 11392,
                                      11418, 12373 & 16234 of 2020
                   1787, 8954, 8959, 9175, 9177, 9180, 9182, 9183, 9184, 9185, 9186,
                                    9199, 9200, 9265 & 16686 of 2021
                                           1711 & 1716 of 2022
                                                   and
                        W.M.P.(MD) Nos.1415, 1416, 21006, 21367 & 22968 of 2019
                   3955, 3957, 3958, 3959, 5555, 5597, 5598, 6250, 6346, 6347, 7381,
                   7382, 7386, 7387, 7461, 7462, 8151, 8152, 8202, 8203, 8540, 8541,
                   8809, 8811, 8812, 8825, 8826, 8916, 8917, 8918, 8919, 8921, 8923,
                   8924, 8925, 8927, 8928, 8929, 8930, 8936, 9952, 9953, 9968, 9972,
                    9993, 9994, 10583, 10584, 10587, 13573, 13574, 13575 & 13576 of
                                                  2020
                   1519, 1521, 6754, 6755, 6910, 6911, 6914, 6916, 6917, 6918, 6919,
                  6920, 6931, 6932, 6933, 6978, 11066, 11067, 13572, 16915 & 16916 of
                                                  2021
                  727, 789, 811, 815, 838, 844, 918, 925, 1027, 1512, 1514, 1526, 1528,
                                 1537, 1538, 1540, 1542 & 1543 of 2022


                 W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019:

                 M.Shanmuganathan                                                ... Petitioner
                                                       vs.
                 1.The State of Tamil Nadu
                   rep.by its Principal Secretary
                   Department of Higher Education
                   Fort St.George, Chennai-600 009


                 _______________
                 Page 1 of 42

https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
                                                            W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch



                 2.The Commissioner of Technical Education
                   Directorate of Technical Education (DOTE)
                   53, Sardar Patel Road, Guindy
                   Chennai-600 025

                 3.The Accounts – General
                   Office of the Accountant General
                   (Accounts & Entitlements) – Tamil Nadu
                   361, Anna Salai, Teynampet
                   Chennai-600 018

                 4.The State of Tamil Nadu
                   rep.by its Secretary
                   Personnel and Administrative
                              Reforms Department
                   Fort St.George
                   Chennai-600 009

                 5.The Chairman
                   All India Council for Technical Education
                   Nelson Mandela Marg
                   Vasant Kunj
                   New Delhi-110 070                                            ... Respondents


                 PRAYER: Writ Petition filed under Article 226 of the Constitution of India for

                 issuance of writ of certiorarified mandamus calling for the records relating to

                 the impugned G.O.Ms.No.58, dated 21.03.2018, issued by the first respondent

                 and quash the same as illegal and consequently direct the respondents to

                 follow existing Recruitment Rules (RRs) and sanction all due promotions with

                 arrears of backwages.




                 _______________
                 Page 2 of 42

https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
                                                                  W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch


                           For Petitioner     : Mr.Rajpal Singh
                           For Respondents : Mr.Veera.Kathiravan
                                             Additional Advocate General
                                             assisted by Mr.N.Satheesh Kumar
                                             Additional Government Pleader for R1, R2 & R4
                                             Mr.P.Gunasekaran for R3
                                             Mr.N.Dilip Kumar for R5


                                                COMMON           ORDER


Since the issues involved in all the cases are identical, they have been clubbed together, heard together and are being disposed of by this common order.

2. All the above writ petitions have been categorized as follows: W.P.(MD) No.25975 of 2019

W.P.(MD) Nos.4601, 4602, 7070, 7918, 11392, 12373 & 16234 of 2020 BATCH – I W.P.(MD) Nos.8954, 8959, 9175, 9177, 9180, 9182, 9183, 9184, 9185, 9186, 9199, 9200, 9265 & 16686 of 2021 W.P.(MD) Nos.1711 & 1716 of 2022 W.P.(MD) Nos.24375 & 24761 of 2019 W.P.(MD) Nos.6323, 6359, 6843, 6923, 7915, 8029, 8902, BATCH – II 9413, 9823, 9841, 9977, 9978, 9986, 10003, 11379, 11418, of 2020 W.P.(MD) No.1787 of 2021 _______________ Page 3 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch

3. All these writ petitions have been filed questioning the recovery orders passed pursuant to the orders of the Commissioner of Technical Education.

4. The petitioners are serving or retired Lecturers / Professors / Heads of Departments in the Government Polytechnic Colleges / Government Aided Private Polytechnic Colleges and they have served as Instructors, Lecturers, Senior Lecturers, Professors, Heads of Departments and Principals.

5. The issue involved in the case on hand is whether the pay fixation and arrears of pay claimed by the petitioners are in consonance with the Regulations issued by the All India Council for Technical Education (for brevity “AICTE”), which were implemented by the Government through Government Orders.

6. The respective learned counsels appearing for the petitioners mainly contended that with effect from 01.01.2006, the date on which the Pay Commission recommendations were implemented, the Government Order issued in G.O.(Ms) No.111, Higher Education (C2) Department, dated _______________ Page 4 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch 25.05.2010, was implemented. Accordingly, the pay was revised with effect from 01.01.2006 to all the categories of teaching staff working in the Government Polytechnic Colleges and Government Aided Private Polytechnic Colleges. As per the said Government Order, Career Advancement Scheme has been provided and based on the qualifications and years of service rendered, Academic Grade Pay was fixed. The respective learned counsels appearing for the petitioners are of the opinion that there is no infirmity in respect of pay fixation made to all the petitioners in accordance with G.O.(Ms) No.111, Higher Education (C2) Department dated 25.05.2010.

7. Subsequently, All India Council for Technical Education (Career Advancement Schemes for Teachers and other Academic Staff in Technical Institutions) (Diploma) Regulations, 2012 (in short “2012 Regulations”) were issued. The said 2012 Regulations came into effect from the year 2012 and were implemented by the Government of Tamil Nadu by issuing G.O.(Ms) No. 58, Higher Education (C2) Department, dated 21.03.2018. The contentions of the petitioners are that the Career Advancement Scheme with reference to G.O.(Ms) No.111, dated 25.05.2010, was fixed in accordance with the Government Order and they were receiving the pay accordingly. As far as 2012 Regulations are concerned, as per the eligibility, the pay was revised to _______________ Page 5 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch the petitioners with reference to the qualifications stipulated in 2012 Regulations and therefore, the recovery is untenable and liable to be set aside.

8. It is further contended that the petitioners, who come under the category of Batch-I writ petitions, were not provided with an opportunity to appear before the Screening Committee constituted under G.O.(Ms) No.58, Higher Education (C2) Department, dated 21.03.2018. Denial of opportunity is in violation of the principles of natural justice. In the event of affording due opportunity, the petitioners would be in a position to place their service details along with the Government Orders and convince the Committee for the purpose of establishing the correctness of the pay fixed in accordance with G.O.(Ms) No.111, Higher Education (C2) Department, dated 25.05.2010.

9. The respective learned counsels appearing for the petitioners, with reference to certain individual cases, raised grounds by stating that the petitioners are fully qualified for Career Advancement Scheme. Their qualifications are not properly verified. Therefore, the impugned orders of recovery are not in consonance with the Government Orders as well as the Career Advancement Scheme. Some of the petitioners have raised a ground that their qualifications were ascertained by the Authorities concerned and _______________ Page 6 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch pay fixation was done by the Management of the Polytechnic Colleges. Once the qualifications were verified in consonance with the Government Order, then there is no question of revising the same now after retirement in some cases and for in-service teaching staff in other cases.

10. While countering the arguments advanced on behalf of the petitioners, the learned Additional Advocate General pointed out that errors were crept-in at various stages and the respective Polytechnic Management / Principals are the Pay Drawing Officers, who in turn without getting approval from the Commissioner of Technical Education, fixed pay at their whims and fancies by erroneously interpreting the Government Order as well as 2012 Regulations issued by AICTE.

11. The learned Additional Advocate General drew the attention of this Court with reference to the Circular issued by the Commissioner of Technical Education to all the Principals of the Government Aided Private Polytechnic Colleges vide Letter dated 20.02.2012. In the said Circular, the Commissioner of Technical Education has specifically referred G.O.(Ms) No. 111, Higher Education (C2) Department, dated 25.05.2010. With reference to G.O.(Ms) No.111, dated 25.05.2010, the said Circular was issued stating that _______________ Page 7 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch while granting upgradation and fixation of pay, proposals along with all the particulars must be submitted to the Commissioner of Technical Education enabling him to grant approval for the purpose of revision of pay. In respect of Government Polytechnic Colleges are concerned, the Commissioner of Technical Education issued a separate Circular, dated 05.03.2012. Thus, with reference to fixation of pay and Academic Grade Pay and grant of Career Advancement Scheme, proposals are to be submitted in a prescribed format along with all details to the Commissioner of Technical Education and the said proposals are to be approved by the Commissioner of Technical Education, then alone the College concerned could submit a bill for drawal of pay.

12. The learned Additional Advocate General reiterated that the said procedure had not been followed by the Pay Drawing Officers of the respective Polytechnic Colleges. Contrarily, they have adopted their own interpretation and granted pay fixation and Career Advancement Scheme in excess, which resulted in huge financial loss to the State Exchequer and this was traced out by the Authorities Competent and thereafter, actions were taken to set right the issue and recover the excess amount paid to the teaching staff of the respective Polytechnic Colleges. _______________ Page 8 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch

13. The learned Additional Advocate General further pointed out that the Government Order in G.O.(Ms) No.58, Higher Education (C2) Department, dated 21.03.2018, was issued in implementation of 2012 Regulations to the Government and Government Aided Private Polytechnic Colleges. Pursuant to the said Government Order, Screening-cum-Evaluation Committee and Selection Committee were constituted. The constitution of the Committee is also done in the Government Order. Therefore, the Committee was constituted to rectify the anomalies, errors crept-in in respect of erroneous fixation of pay and grant of arrears under the Career Advancement Scheme to the teaching staff. The endeavour of the Committee is to ensure that the Government Orders issued in consonance with AICTE Regulations are properly implemented by the respective Polytechnic Colleges across the State of Tamil Nadu. In this context, the Commissioner of Technical Education has also issued Circulars to ensure that proposals must be submitted to him for the purpose of grant of approval. However, these Circulars issued by the Commissioner of Technical Education were not followed by the Polytechnic Colleges before effecting refixation of pay and grant of arrears to its teaching staff.

_______________ Page 9 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch

14. The learned Additional Advocate General relied on the constitution of the Screening-cum-Evaluation Committee, wherein the Commissioner of Technical Education / Nominee of Commissioner of Technical Education is shown as the Chairperson and the Principal of the College concerned, Head of the concerned Department from the Polytechnic College and two subject experts not connected with the College and in case of Aided Polytechnic Colleges notified / declared as Minority Educational Institutions, one subject expert not connected with the State to be nominated by the Chairperson of the Governing Body of the College out of the panel of five names, preferably from minority communities, recommended by the State Government from the list of subject experts approved by the relevant statutory body of the College are also made as members. An academician representing SC / ST / OBC / Minority / Women / Differently-abled categories are also included. Therefore, the Committee was constituted in a fair and reasonable manner so as to avoid any bias in the matter of considering the issues and taking decision.

15. Relying on the constitution of the Screening-cum-Evaluation Committee, the learned Additional Advocate General submitted that the _______________ Page 10 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch Committee has gone into the issues regarding Career Advancement Scheme, scrutinized the same and found that there were large scale irregularities in the matter of pay fixation and payment of arrears made to the teaching staff.

16. The learned Additional Advocate General further contended that the implementation of G.O.(Ms) No.111, dated 25.05.2010, is not in dispute. As per the said Government Order, the Career Advancement Scheme was given as prescribed in the said Government Order. However, for further Career Advancement Scheme under 2012 Regulations, G.O.(Ms) No.58, dated 21.03.2018, is to be followed and prior approval must be obtained from the Commissioner. The said position is clarified in the G.O.(Ms) No.58, dated 21.03.2018 itself. The said Government Order further states that in order to achieve the norms of Career Advancement Scheme, after 08.11.2012, the qualifications contemplated under 2012 Regulations must be followed. Therefore, the Career Advancement Scheme implemented as per G.O.(Ms) No. 111, dated 25.05.2010 is not in dispute and further revision based on 2012 Regulations with retrospective effect was found to be irregular and not in consonance with the Government Order in G.O.(Ms) No.58, dated 21.03.2018. _______________ Page 11 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch

17. The learned Additional Advocate General further submits that for the faculty achieving the norms of Career Advancement Scheme after 08.11.2012, the academic grade progressions shall be fixed notionally on the date of attaining eligibility and the financial benefit from the date of issue of G.O.(Ms) No.58 i.e. from 21.03.2018. However, in the present case, the Career Advancement Scheme was implemented with retrospective effect and the monetary benefit was also granted with retrospective effect, which is in total violation of the Government Order and caused huge loss to the State Exchequer and therefore, the respondents are bound to initiate action for recovery of payment already made.

18. Heard the learned counsel on either side and carefully perused the materials available on record.

19. On hearing the learned counsel on either side, this Court has to to consider the scope of the Career Advancement Scheme with reference to the Government Orders, more specifically, with effect from 01.01.2006. _______________ Page 12 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch

20. The Scheme of Career Advancement is a Scheme, which was introduced for encouraging the teaching staff to acquire more educational qualifications for the benefit of the students studying in the Polytechnic Colleges and to impart better education. The said Scheme is not part of the service conditions. The Career Advancement Scheme is a special Scheme introduced pursuant to the recommendations of the University Grants Commission and AICTE for the purpose of encouraging the teaching staff and such schemes are not implemented for non-teaching staff. Thus, the Scheme is to be implemented strictly in consonance with the terms and conditions. The Scheme being a concession extended to the teaching staff and to encourage them to possess more educational qualifications for the purpose of imparting better education. It cannot be allowed to be implemented in excess, undoubtedly, which would create unnecessary financial loss to the State Exchequer.

21. Contextually, G.O.(Ms) No.111, Higher Education (C2) Department, dated 25.05.2010, would be relevant as far as the present writ petitions are concerned. The said Government Order states about the Revised Pay Scales, 2010 and Revision of Scale of Pay and Allowances etc., to the _______________ Page 13 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch teachers and equivalent cadres in Government and Government Aided Polytechnic Colleges governed by AICTE. The said Government Order also states about pay fixation formula. Accordingly, the pay fixation adopted for the teachers governed by the University Grants Commission scales of pay shall be adopted for the teachers governed by the AICTE Scales of Pay. The detailed fitment tables for various existing scales of pay based on the formula are given in Appendix-III. The implementation of the said Government Order is also not disputed by the respondents. However, the erroneous fixation of pay alone is sought to be rectified with reference to the date of implementation and the manner in which it is implemented.

22. Let us now consider the spirit of G.O.(Ms) No.58, Higher Education (C2) Department, dated 21.03.2018. The said Government Order was issued pursuant to the implementation of 2012 Regulations to the Government and Government Aided Private Polytechnic Colleges. The said Government Order refers G.O.(Ms) No.111, Higher Education (C2) Department, dated 25.05.2010. Therefore, G.O.(Ms) No.58, dated 21.03.2018 is in continuation of G.O.(Ms) No.111, dated 25.05.2010 and in lieu of 2012 Regulations issued by AICTE. Thus, the pay fixation correctly made in accordance with G.O.(Ms) No.111, dated 25.05.2010, need not be disturbed. _______________ Page 14 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch However, while revising the scale of pay under 2012 Regulations with effect from the year 2018, the Government has to ensure that the qualifications contemplated under 2012 Regulations are scrupulously followed and accordingly, Career Advancement Scheme is implemented. In the event of any erroneous implementation of the Scheme, Authorities Competent are empowered to initiate action.

23. In the present case, G.O.(Ms) No.58, dated 21.03.2018, unambiguously provides constitution of Screening-cum-Evaluation Committee. The said Committee was constituted for the purpose of Career Advancement Scheme implemented by all the Polytechnic Colleges across the State of Tamil Nadu, while the Committee consists the members, who all are from the respective Colleges also. Therefore, there is no need to doubt about the constitution of the Committee and the Committee constituted was for the purpose of screening the Career Advancement Scheme granted to the teaching staff of the Polytechnic Colleges. G.O.(Ms) No.58 speaks about G.O.(Ms) No. 111 also. A specific clarification is issued in Paragraph No.3(e) and (f), which is extracted hereunder:

“(e) The faculty who have already achieved the Career Advancement Scheme nors as specified in G.O. _______________ Page 15 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch (Ms) No.111, Higher Education (C2) Department, dated 25.5.2010, before the issue of AICTE, Regulations on 8.11.2012, be given the Academic Grade Pay progression and monetary benefits from the date of attaining eligibility, since that Government Order has already been implemented and given effect to.

(f) G.O.(Ms) No.111, Higher Education (C2) Department, dated 25.5.2010, also states that norms as per AICTE Regulations shall become applicable for Career Advancement Scheme.

Since, AICTE Regulations were issued on 8.11.2012, from this date onwards, faculty should fulfill Training and Publications norms as specified in the said Regulations.”

24. As per the aforesaid Government Order, the faculty, who have already achieved the Career Advancement Scheme norms as specified in G.O. (Ms) No.111, Higher Education (C2) Department, dated 25.05.2010, before the issue of AICTE Regulations on 08.11.2012, be given the Academic Grade Pay Progression and monetary benefits from the date of attaining eligibility. The said Government Order was admittedly implemented and given effect to by the Authorities Competent. However, a dispute arose regarding implementation of 2012 Regulations with effect from 08.11.2012. While implementing G.O.(Ms) _______________ Page 16 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch No.58, dated 21.03.2018, the effect was given erroneously by the Polytechnic Colleges and the monetary benefits were claimed retrospectively for which the teaching staff are not entitled and therefore, the Authorities Competent initiated actions for recovery of excess amount.

25. Paragraph No.3(h) of G.O.(Ms) No.58, dated 21.03.2018, stipulates unambiguously as follows:

“(h) For the faculty achieving the Career Advancement Scheme norms after 8.11.2012 (without API till 7.11.2015 and with API from 8.11.2015), the Academic Grade Pay progression shall be fixed notionally on the date of attaining eligibility and with financial benefits from the date of issue of Government Order.”

26. Therefore, the Career Advancement Scheme norms after 08.11.2012, the Academic Grade Pay progression shall be fixed notionally on the date of attaining eligibility as per 2012 Regulations and financial benefits must be given with effect from the date of issue of the Government Order i.e. 21.03.2018. However, actual benefits were granted by the Polytechnic Colleges, more so, by the respective Principals of the Colleges, without getting _______________ Page 17 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch prior approval from the Commissioner of Technical Education, with retrospective effect and by implementing G.O.(Ms) No.58, dated 21.03.2018, by adopting erroneous interpretation. This caused huge financial loss to the State Exchequer.

27. Now, the question arises an opportunity was provided to the petitioners or not.

28. The learned Additional Advocate General made a submission that in respect of revision of pay on Career Advancement Scheme, if an opportunity was not given or if those candidates had not already appeared before the Screening-cum-Evaluation Committee, then an opportunity will be given to them for making their appearance from 21.03.2022 to 23.03.2022 from 11.00 a.m. to 05.00 p.m. Therefore, all the petitioners, who had not appeared on the earlier occasion before the Screening-cum-Evaluation Committee, are at liberty to send their service particulars, objections and documents establishing their eligibility through online to the Commissioner of Technical Education, who is the Chairman of the Committee and in turn will place the same before the Committee for consideration and accordingly, take a decision in consonance with the Scheme. Even if the petitioners have chosen _______________ Page 18 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch to appear before the Committee in person, they are at liberty to appear before the Committee for representing their case from 21.03.2022 to 23.03.2022 between 11.00 a.m. and 05.00 p.m.

29. The endeavour of the Committee is to ensure whether the respective teaching staff fulfills the norms / eligibility / qualifications prescribed under the Regulations, which were implemented by the Government of Tamil Nadu vide G.O.(Ms) No.58, dated 21.03.2018. In the event of fulfilling the norms, the pay fixation on the Career Advancement Scheme shall be given notionally with effect from the date on which the staff attaining the eligibility and the financial benefits shall be given from the date of issue of G.O.(Ms) No.58 i.e.21.03.2018. However, if the Screening Committee found that fixations have been made erroneously and payments have been made in excess, then such excess amount is to be recovered from the teaching staff concerned.

30. This Court is of the considered opinion that unjust enrichment of public money is impermissible. Tax payers' money is being paid by way of salary to the teaching staff of Polytechnic Colleges. They are entitled to get pay as per the Scheme and as per the norms of AICTE and Government _______________ Page 19 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch Orders in force. Erroneous fixation and excess payment would result in unjust enrichment and hence, excess payment is to be recovered and to be deposited in the Government Treasury by all concerned. Certain exceptions have been carved out by the Honourable Supreme Court in cases, where there is an extreme hardship caused. However, in all other cases, any excess payment is made to the public servant, excess payment must be recovered.

31. In Chandi Prasad Uniyal and others vs. State of Uttarkhand and others, reported in (2012) 8 SCC 417, the Honourable Supreme Court has observed as follows:

“14. We are concerned with the excess payment of public money which is often described as “tax payers money” which belongs neither to the officers who have effected over-payment nor that of the recipients. We fail to see why the concept of fraud or misrepresentation is being brought in such situations. Question to be asked is whether excess money has been paid or not may be due to a bona fide mistake. Possibly, effecting excess payment of public money by Government officers, may be due to various reasons like negligence, carelessness, collusion, favouritism etc. because money in such situation does not belong to the payer or the payee. Situations may also arise where both the payer and the _______________ Page 20 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch payee are at fault, then the mistake is mutual. Payments are being effected in many situations without any authority of law and payments have been received by the recipients also without any authority of law. Any amount paid/received without authority of law can always be recovered barring few exceptions of extreme hardships but not as a matter of right, in such situations law implies an obligation on the payee to repay the money, otherwise it would amount to unjust enrichment.
15. We are, therefore, of the considered view that except few instances pointed out in Syed Abdul Qadir case (supra) and in Col. B.J. Akkara (retd.) case (supra), the excess payment made due to wrong/irregular pay fixation can always be recovered.
16. The appellants in the appeal will not fall in any of these exceptional categories, over and above, there was a stipulation in the fixation order that in the condition of irregular/wrong pay fixation, the institution in which the appellants were working would be responsible for recovery of the amount received in excess from the salary/pension. In such circumstances, we find no reason to interfere with the judgment of the High Court. However, we order the excess payment made be recovered from the appellant’s salary in twelve equal monthly installments starting from October 2012.” _______________ Page 21 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch

32. The above principles have been reiterated by the Apex Court in the subsequent Judgments also. Therefore, any excess payment must be recovered by the Competent Authorities and there should not be any scope for unjust enrichment.

33. As far as the case on hand is concerned. The same would not fall under the exempted category from recovery as the petitioners are / were working as Professors, Lecturers, Heads of Departments, Principals etc., which all are falling under Group-A Category. More over, even they are receiving decent amount of salary / pension. Under those circumstances, if any excess payment is made, it is to be recovered and if at all there is any personal grievance raised, it is to be recovered by way of equal installments.

34. As per 2012 Regulations (Notification dated 08.11.2012, the minimum academic performance and service requirements for promotion under Career Advancement Scheme applicable for the teachers of Polytechnic Colleges (Engineering) are as follows:

_______________ Page 22 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch II III I AICTE AICTE G.O.Ms.No.111 Regulation-2012 Regulation-2012 1 2 3 Hr.Edn.dated without Academic with Academic 25.05.2010 Performance Performance Indicator Indicator Promotio n of Service S. 01.01.2006 to 08.11.2012 to 08.11.2015 to till Teachers Requireme No 07.11.2012 07.11.2015 date through nts CAS STAGE 1 1) Lecturer Two AICTE/State Two AICTE/State Two AICTE/State completed Government Government Government Rs. 6 years approved refresher approved refresher approved refresher 5400/- to with B.E., Programs of not less Programs of not Programs of not Rs. only(witho than two weeks each less than two less than two 6000/- ut duration and two weeks each weeks each M.E.,/Ph.D one week each duration and two duration and two .,) TEQIP sponsored one week each one week each programs TEQIP sponsored TEQIP sponsored programs programs Two courses/programs of Two Two 1 one week duration courses/programs courses/programs each approved of of one week of one week conducted by duration each duration each AICTE/UGC/MHRD/ approved of approved of DST/Central/State conducted by conducted by Govt. AICTE/UGC/MHR AICTE/UGC/MHR Universities/Institut D/DST/ D/DST/Central/St es may also by Central/State Govt. ate Govt.

considered as Universities/Institu Universities/Institu alternative to TEQIP tes may also be tes may also by programs. considered as considered as alternative to alternative to TEQIP programs. TEQIP programs.

_______________ Page 23 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch STAGE 1 1) Lecturer Two AICTE/State 1) One orientation 1) Minimum API to 2 completed Government and one Scores using PBAS 4 years approved refresher Refresher/Researc scoring Rs. with Ph.D., Programs of not less h Methodology proformance 6000/- to in the than two weeks each Course of 2/3 developed by the Rs. relevant duration and two weeks duration AICTE as per the 7000/- discipline one week each approved or norms provided in TEQIP sponsored conducted by Table 2

2) Lecturer programs AICTE/Central completed Govt./State 2) One orientation 5 years Two Govt./TEQIP/CIICP and one with M.E., courses/programs of /ISTE/NITTR/IIT/ Refresher/Research in the one week duration DTE/SBTE/Univer Methodology relevant each approved of sity,etc. Course of 2/3 discipline. conducted by weeks duration 2 AICTE/UGC/MHRD/ 2) Screening-cum- approved or

3) Lecturer DST/Central/State Verification process conducted by with B.E., Govt. for recommending AICTE/Central (6+3=9 Universities/Institut promotion. Govt./State years) es may also by Govt./TEQIP/CIICP considered as /ISTE/NITTR/IIT/ alternative to TEQIP DTE/SBTE/Univer programs. sity, etc.

3) Screening-cum-

Verification process for recommending promotion.

_______________ Page 24 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch STAGE 2 Lecturer Two AICTE/State 1) One Course 1) Minimum API TO 3 with Government Program from Scores using PBAS completed approved refresher among the scoring proforms Rs. services of Programs of not less categories of developed by the 7000/- to 5 years in than two weeks each refresher concerned State Rs. stage 2 duration and two courses,methodolog Govt. as per the 8000/- one week each y workshops, norms provided in Lecturer TEQIP sponsored Training,Teaching- Table 2 with programs Learning-

                                   completed                              Evaluation           2)    One   Course
                                   services of   Two                      Technology           Program       from
                                   4 years in    courses/programs of      Programs,        Softamong           the
                                   stage 2 for   one week duration        Skills development   categories        of
                                   PhD           each approved of         Programs         and refresher courses,
                                   holders       conducted          by    Faculty              methodology
                                                 AICTE/UGC/MHRD/          Development          workshops,
                                   (for   only   DST/Central/             Programs of 2/3      Training, Teaching-
                                   those         State           Govt.    weeks       duration Learning-
                                   Lecturers     Universities/Institut    approved           orEvaluation
                                   who have      es may also be           conducted          byTechnology
                  3
                                   not availed   considered          as   AICTE/Central        Programs,      Soft
                                   the benefit   alternative to TEQIP     Govt./State          Skills development
                                   in      the   programs.                Govt./TEQIP/CIICP    Programs       and
                                   previous                               /ISTE/NITTR/IIT/     Faculty
                                   stage                                  DTE/SBTE/Univer      Development
                                   upward-                                sity,etc.            Programs of 2/3
                                   movement)                                                   weeks      duration
                                                                          2) Screening-cum- approved            or
                                                                          Verification process conducted        by
                                                                          for recommending AICTE/Central
                                                                          promotion            Govt./State
                                                                                               Govt./TEQIP/CIICP
                                                                                               /ISTE/NITTR/IIT/
                                                                                               DTE/SBTE/Univer
                                                                                               sity,etc.

                                                                                                  3) Screening-cum-
                                                                                                  Verification process
                                                                                                  for recommending
                                                                                                  promotion




                 _______________
                 Page 25 of 42

https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
                                                                         W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch


                         STAGE 3 Lecturer         Two     AICTE/State      1) At least three       1) Minimum API
                         TO 4      with           Government               publications in the     Scores using PBAS
                                   completed      approved   refresher     entire period as        scoring   proforms
                         Rs.       services of    Programs of not less     Lecturer(12 Years).     developed by the
                         8000/- to 3 years in     than two weeks each      However    in    the    AICTE as per the
                         Rs.       stage 3        duration and two         case   of    College    norms provided in
                         9000/-                   one    week     each     teachers          an    Table 2
                                   (However,      TEQIP     sponsored      exemption of one
                                   those          programs                 publication will be     2) At least three
                                   joining the                             given to M.Phil.,       publications in the
                                   Service        Two                      Holders and an          entire period as
                                   after          courses/programs of      exemption of two        Lecturer(12 Years).
                                   05.03.2010     one week duration        publications will be    However in the case
                                   shall have     each approved or         given              to   of College teachers
                                   also earned    conducted          by    Ph.D.,holders.          an exemption of
                                   Ph.D.,    in   AICTE/UGC/MHRD/                                  one publication will
                                   the            DST/Central/State        2)    Programs   of     be given to M.Phil.,
                                   relevant       Govt.                    minimum one week        Holders and an
                                   discipline,    Universities/Institut    duration approved       exemption of two
                                   in addition    es may also by           or conducted by         publications will be
                                   to       the   considered          as   AICTE/Central           given    to   Ph.D.,
                                   conditions     alternative to TEQIP     Govt./State    One      holders.
                                   laid down      programs.                Course/Program
                                   in                                      from among the          3)    Programs   of
                                   Regulation                              categories       of     minimum one week
                                   dated                                   methodology             duration approved
                  4                08.11.2012                              workshops,              or conducted by
                                   )(3.8     of                            Training, Teaching-     AICTE/Central
                                   AICTE                                   Learning-               Govt./State    One
                                   2012                                    Evaluation              Course/Program
                                   notificatio                             Technology              from among the
                                   n)                                      Programs,      Soft     categories       of
                                                                           Skills development      methodology
                                                                           Programs       and      workshops,
                                                                           Faculty                 Training, Teaching-
                                                                           Development             Learning-
                                                                           Govt./TEQIP/CIICP       Evaluation
                                                                           /ISTE/NITTR/IIT/        Technology
                                                                           DTE/SBTE/Univer         Programs,      Soft
                                                                           sity,etc.               Skills development
                                                                                                   Programs       and
                                                                           3)     A Selection      Faculty
                                                                           Committee Process       Development
                                                                           as stipulated in the    Govt./TEQIP/CIICP
                                                                           Regulation and in       /ISTE/NITTR/IIT/
                                                                           Table II(A)/II(B) of    DTE/SBTE/Univer
                                                                           Appendix I.             sity,etc.

                                                                                                   4)  A    Selection
                                                                                                   Committee Process

                 _______________
                 Page 26 of 42

https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
                                                                            W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch


                         STAGE 4 HOD with          HOD with 3 years of    1)HOD/Lecturer          1)HOD/Lecturer
                         TO 5      3 years of      completed      service with 3 years of         with 3 years of
                                   completed       with Ph.D., in the     completed service       completed service
                         Rs.       service         relevant Discipline    in stage 4 with         in stage 4 with
                         9000/- to with Ph.D.,                            Ph.D.,     in    the    Ph.D.,    in     the
                         Rs.       in       the    Two      AICTE/State relevant Discipline       relevant Discipline
                         10000/-   relevant        Government
                                   discipline      approved     refresher 2) A Minimum of
                                   upto            programs of not less three publications        2)         Minimum
                                   07.11.2012      than two weeks each since the period           yearly/cumulative
                                   .               duration and two that the teacher is           API scores using
                                                   one     week      each placed in stage.        the PBAS scoring
                                    HOD/Lect       TEQIP      sponsored                           proforma developed
                                    urer with 3    programs.              3)     A Selection      by the AICTE as
                                    years     of                          Committee Process       per    the    norms
                                    completed      Two                    as stipulated in the    provided in Table 2.
                                    service in     courses/programs of Regulation and in          Teachers         may
                  5                 stage      4   one week duration Table II(A)/II(B) of         combine          two
                                    with Ph.D.,    each approved or Appendix I.                   assessment
                                    in       the   conducted           by                         periods(in Stages 2
                                    relevant       AICTE/UGC/MHRD/                                and 3) to achieve
                                    Discipline     DST/Central/State                              minimum          API
                                    on or after    Govt. Universities/                            Scores,if required.
                                    08.11.2012     Institutes may also
                                                   be considered as                               3) A Minimum of
                                    AICTE          alternative to TEQIP                           three publications
                                    Clarificatio   programs.                                      since the period
                                    n     Dated                                                   that the teacher is
                                    04.01.2016                                                    placed in stage.

                                    Serial No.                                                    4)     A Selection
                                    24     and                                                    Committee Process
                                    Page   No.                                                    as stipulated in the
                                    24                                                            Regulation and in
                                                                                                  Table 2




                                  35.   The        minimum        academic          performance       and     service

requirements for promotion under Career Advancement Scheme applicable for the teachers of Polytechnic Colleges (Non Engineering – Humanities) are as follows:

_______________ Page 27 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch II III I AICTE AICTE Regulation-2012 Regulation-2012 1 2 3 G.O.Ms.No.111 without Academic with Academic Hr.Edn.dated Performance Performance 25.05.2010 Indicator Indicator Promotion of Service S. 01.01.2006 to 08.11.2012 to 08.11.2015 to Teachers Requirement No 07.11.2012 07.11.2015 till date through s CAS STAGE 1 1)Lecturer Two AICTE/State Two AICTE/State Two AICTE/State completed 6 Government Government Government Rs.5400/- years with approved approved refresher approved to M.A.,/M.SC., refresher Programs of not less refresher Rs.6000/- / Programs of not than two weeks Programs of not M.Com., less than two each duration and less than two only(without weeks each two one week each weeks each M.Phil.,/Ph.D duration and two TEQIP sponsored duration and two .,) one week each programs one week each TEQIP sponsored TEQIP sponsored programs Two programs courses/programs Two of one week Two 1 courses/programs duration each courses/programs of one week approved of of one week duration each conducted by duration each approved of AICTE/UGC/MHRD approved or conducted by /DST/ conducted by AICTE/UGC/MH Central/State Govt. AICTE/UGC/MHR RD/DST/Central Universities/Institut D/DST/Central/ /State Govt. es may also be State Govt.

Universities/Instit considered as Universities/ utes may also by alternative to TEQIP Institutes may considered as programs. also by considered alternative to as alternative to TEQIP programs. TEQIP programs.

_______________ Page 28 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch STAGE 1 1) Lecturer Two AICTE/State 1) One orientation 1) Minimum API to 2 completed 4 Government and one Scores using years with approved Refresher/Research PBAS scoring Rs.6000/- Ph.D., in the refresher Methodology Course proforms to relevant Programs of not of 2/3 weeks developed by the Rs.7000/- discipline less than two duration approved AICTE as per the weeks each or conducted by norms provided in

2) Lecturer duration and two AICTE/Central Table 2 completed 5 one week each Govt./State years with TEQIP sponsored Govt./TEQIP/CIICP 2) One orientation M.Phil., in programs /ISTE/NITTR/IIT/D and one the relevant TE/SBTE/Universit Refresher/Resear discipline. Two y,etc. ch Methodology courses/programs Course of 2/3 2 3) Lecturer of one week 2) Screening-cum- weeks duration with duration each Verification process approved or M.A.,/M.Sc., approved of for recommending conducted by / conducted by promotion. AICTE/Central M.Com., AICTE/UGC/MH Govt./State (6+3=9 years) RD/DST/Central Govt./TEQIP/CII /State Govt. CP/ISTE/NITTR/I Universities/Instit IT/DTE/SBTE/ utes may also by University, etc. considered as alternative to 3)Screening-cum-

                                                   TEQIP programs.                             Verification
                                                                                               process       for
                                                                                               recommending
                                                                                               promotion.




                 _______________
                 Page 29 of 42

https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
                                                                       W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch


                         STAGE    2 Lecturer with    Two AICTE/State       1)     One    Course    1) Minimum API
                         TO 3       completed        Government            Program         from    Scores      using
                                    services of 5    approved              among             the   PBAS      scoring
                         Rs.7000/- years in stage    refresher             categories         of   proforma
                         to         2                Programs of not       refresher               developed by the
                         Rs.8000/-                   less   than  two      courses,methodolog      AICTE as per the
                                    Lecturer with    weeks       each      y         workshops,    norms provided in
                                    completed        duration and two      Training,Teaching-      Table 2
                                    services of 4    one week each         Learning-Evaluation
                                    years in stage   TEQIP sponsored       Technology           2) One Course
                                    2 for PhD        programs              Programs,        SoftProgram        from
                                    holders                                Skills development   among            the
                                                     Two                   Programs         and categories        of
                                    (for      only   courses/programs      Faculty              refresher courses,
                                    those            of    one     week    Development          methodology
                                    Lecturers        duration      each    Programs of 2/3      workshops,
                                    who have not     approved         of   weeks       duration Training,
                                    availed    the   conducted       by    approved           orTeaching-
                                    benefit in the   AICTE/UGC/MH          conducted          byLearning-
                                    previous         RD/DST/Central        AICTE/Central        Evaluation
                                    stage            /State       Govt.    Govt./State          Technology
                  3                 upward-          Universities/Instit   Govt./TEQIP/CIICP    Programs,       Soft
                                    movement)        utes may also by      /ISTE/NITTR/IIT/D    Skills
                                    For      those   considered      as    TE/SBTE/Universit    development
                                    joining the      alternative     to    y,etc.               Programs        and
                                    service after    TEQIP programs.                            Faculty
                                    05.03.2010,                            2) Screening-cum- Development
                                    Ph.D        is                         Verification process Programs of 2/3
                                    essential                              for    recommending weeks       duration
                                    qualification                          promotion            approved          or
                                    for    upward                                               conducted         by
                                    movement                                                    AICTE/Central
                                    to                                                          Govt./State
                                                                                                Govt./TEQIP/CII
                                    Lecturer(Sel
                                                                                                CP/ISTE/NITTR/I
                                    ection
                                                                                                IT/DTE/SBTE/U
                                    Grade)(SI.                                                  niversity,etc.
                                    No. 10 of
                                    AICTE 2016                                                     3) Screening-cum-
                                    clarification)                                                 Verification
                                                                                                   process        for
                                                                                                   recommending
                                                                                                   promotion




                 _______________
                 Page 30 of 42

https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
                                                                          W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch


                         STAGE    3 Lecturer with      Two AICTE/State     1) At least three          1) Minimum API
                         TO 4       completed          Government          publications in the        Scores      using
                                    services of 3      approved            entire     period    as    PBAS      scoring
                         Rs.8000/- years in stage      refresher           Lecturer(12 Years).        proforma
                         to         3                  Programs of not     However in the case        developed by the
                         Rs.9000/-                     less   than  two    of College teachers        AICTE as per the
                                    (However,          weeks       each    an exemption of one        norms provided in
                                    those joining      duration and two    publication will be        Table 2
                                    the    Service     one week each       given     to    M.Phil.
                                    after              TEQIP sponsored     Holders      and     an    2) At least three
                                    05.03.2010         programs            exemption of two           publications     in
                                    shall     have                         publications will be       the entire period
                                    also earned        Two                 given                 to   as      Lecturer(12
                                    Ph.D., in the      courses/programs Ph.d.,holders.                Years).    However
                                    relevant           of    one     week                             in the case of
                                    discipline, in     duration      each 2)      Programs       of   College teachers
                                    addition      to   approved        or minimum one week            an exemption of
                                    the                conducted       by duration approved           one     publication
                                    conditions         AICTE/UGC/MH or conducted by                   will be given to
                                    laid down in       RD/DST/Central AICTE/Central                   M.Phil.     Holders
                                    Regulation         /State       Govt. Govt./State        One      and an exemption
                                    dated              Universities/Instit Course/Program             of              two
                                    08.11.2012)        utes may also by from        among      the    publications will
                                    (3.8 of AICTE      considered      as categories             of   be      given     to
                                    2012               alternative     to methodology                 Ph.D.,holders.
                                    notification)      TEQIP programs. workshops,
                                                                           Training, Teaching-        3) Programs of
                                                                           Learning-Evaluation        minimum       one
                                                                           Technology                 week      duration
                                                                           Programs,         Soft     approved        or
                  4
                                                                           Skills development         conducted       by
                                                                           Programs           and     AICTE/Central
                                                                           Faculty                    Govt./State One
                                                                           Development                Course/Program
                                                                           Govt./TEQIP/CIICP          from among the
                                                                           /ISTE/NITTR/IIT/D          categories       of
                                                                           TE/SBTE/Universit          methodology
                                                                           y,etc.                     workshops,
                                                                                                      Training,
                                                                            3)    A     Selection     Teaching-
                                                                            Committee Process         Learning-
                                                                            as stipulated in the      Evaluation
                                                                            Regulation and in         Technology
                                                                            Table 2.                  Programs,     Soft
                                                                                                      Skills
                                                                                                      development
                                                                                                      Programs      and
                                                                                                      Faculty
                                                                                                      Development
                                                                                                      Govt./TEQIP/CII

                 _______________
                 Page 31 of 42

https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
                                                                       W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch


                         STAGE    4 HOD/lecture      HOD with 3 years      1)     HOD/Lecturer    1) HOD/Lecturer
                         TO 5       r with 3 years   of       completed    with 3 years of        with 3 years of
                                    of completed     service in stage 4    completed service in   completed service
                         Rs.9000/- service with      with Ph.D., in the    stage 4 with Ph.D.,    in stage 4 with
                         to         Ph.D., in the    relevant              in    the   relevant   Ph.D.,    in  the
                         Rs.        relevant         Discipline            Discipline             relevant
                         10000/-    discipline                                                    Discipline
                                    upto             Two AICTE/State       2) A Minimum of
                                    07.11.2012.      Government            three     publications
                                                     approved              since the period that 2)        Minimum
                                     HOD/Lecture     refresher             the teacher is placed yearly/cumulative
                                     r with 3 years  programs of not       in stage.              API scores using
                                     of completed    less   than  two                             the PBAS scoring
                                     service      in weeks       each      3)      A Selection proforma
                                     stage 4 with    duration and two      Committee Process developed by the
                                     Ph.D., in the   one week each         as stipulated in the AICTE as per the
                                     relevant        TEQIP sponsored       Regulation and in norms provided in

Discipline on programs. Table 2. Table 2. Teachers or after may combine two 5 08.11.2012 Two assessment courses/programs periods(in Stages AICTE of one week 2 and 3) to Clarification duration each achieve minimum Dated approved or API Scores,if 04.01.2016 conducted by required.

                                                     AICTE/UGC/MH
                                     Serial No. 24 RD/DST/Central                                 3) A Minimum of
                                     and Page No. /State           Govt.                          three publications
                                     24              Universities/                                since the period
                                                     Institutes     may                           that the teacher is
                                                     also            by                           placed in stage.
                                                     considered      as
                                                     alternative      to                          4)    A Selection
                                                     TEQIP programs.                              Committee
                                                                                                  Process        as
                                                                                                  stipulated in the
                                                                                                  Regulation and in
                                                                                                  Table 2



36. With reference to the above, the learned Additional Advocate General for example demonstrated that in some cases, where erroneous pay fixation / academic grade pay movement was made by the Principal of the Institution. While perusing the particulars given in many cases, the academic _______________ Page 32 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch grade pay was granted with effect from 01.01.2006, without properly verifying the eligibility of the Government Order in force, in certain cases, benefits were given with retrospective effect, which is not contemplated in G.O.(Ms) No.58, dated 21.03.2018. However, all these factors are to be verified with reference to the eligibility and qualification of the individuals in accordance with the Scheme and the same are to be rectified and excess payment, if any, paid to the teaching staff must be recovered in the interest of public as pointed out earlier. No Government servant should be allowed to have unjust enrichment of public money.

37. The Career Advancement Scheme with reference to 2012 Regulations and the consequential Government Order are made undoubtedly based on the erroneous interpretation of the Government Order. The eligibility criteria date from which the monetary benefits to be extended both notional and actual resulted in huge monetary loss to the State Exchequer running to several crores. The wrong interpretation and excess payment of monetary benefits to the teaching staff is particularly made since no prior approval of the of Commissioner of Technical Education was obtained and in the event of obtaining any such approval, uniformity and consistency would have been maintained. Without obtaining prior approval from the Commissioner of _______________ Page 33 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch Technical Education, each Polytechnic College fixed the pay and paid arrears as per their own interpretation or by following the other Colleges. In view of the anomalous situation and considering the fact that there is a huge financial loss to the Government, while implementing the Government Orders, the Government constituted a Screening Committee for the purpose of verification of eligibility and therefore, the Screening Committee must be allowed to do the said exercise thoroughly by assessing the eligibility of the teaching staff, fix their eligibility and accordingly, grant Career Advancement Scheme by fixing the scale of pay in accordance with the Scheme. Such an exercise is imminent for the purpose of settling the issues and to avoid the multiplicity of proceedings.

38. In view of the fact that this Court cannot conduct an enquiry in respect of the individual's qualifications and eligibility, the matters are to be placed before the Screening Committee for ascertaining the eligibility of the individuals for correct pay fixation and for the benefits of Career Advancement Scheme.

39. As far as Batch-I writ petitions are concerned, it is submitted by the learned Additional Advocate General that the petitioners were not _______________ Page 34 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch provided with an opportunity to place their objections before the Screening Committee. Though the Management had participated in the Screening Committee as members, the individual are also to be provided with an opportunity to submit their respective defence / objections and establish their eligibility for the purpose of getting benefits of Career Advancement Scheme.

40. The learned Additional Advocate General undertakes that once the Committee makes a fresh recommendation, certain orders, which all are correctly passed by the Management, will be confirmed and in such cases, there is no necessity for the Authority Competent to pass fresh orders and in cases, where mistakes occurred, then fresh orders will be passed by the Authority Competent in accordance with the Government Orders in force by cancelling the earlier orders.

41. In view of the facts and circumstances, this Court is of the considered opinion that the petitioners come under Batch-I writ petitions are entitled to get opportunity to appear before the Screening Committee scheduled to be conducted from 21.03.2022 to 23.03.2022 between 11.00 a.m., and 05.00 p.m. _______________ Page 35 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch

42. This being the factum, ➢ The orders impugned in the Batch-I writ petitions are directed to be kept in abeyance till such time the Committee takes a decision after affording due opportunity to all the petitioners in Batch-I writ petitions and orders are passed by the Authority competent.

➢ The petitioners in Batch-I writ petitions are at liberty to send their service particulars, objections and documents establishing their eligibility through online to the Commissioner of Technical Education, who is the Chairman of the Committee. Even if the petitioners have chosen to appear before the Screening Committee in person, they are at liberty to appear before the Committee for representing their case from 21.03.2022 to 23.03.2022 between 11.00 a.m. and 05.00 p.m. ➢ Thereafter, the Authority Competent shall consider the same in consonance with the _______________ Page 36 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch Scheme and pass orders on merits and in accordance with law, as expeditiously as possible.

43. Insofar as the petitioners come under Batch-II writ petitions are concerned, they have availed the opportunity and appeared before the Screening Committee and presented their case. Therefore, providing further opportunity to them would not arise at all as the principles of natural justice have been complied with. The only endeavour is to ensure that the correctness or otherwise of the impugned orders now questioned by the petitioners is to be once again scrutinized by the Appellate Authority. As far as the Original Authority is concerned, the petitioners have participated before the Screening Committee representing their case and the Original Authority has taken a decision and issued the impugned orders of recovery and this Court do not find any infirmity. In such view of the matter, ➢ the petitioners come under Batch-II writ petitions are at liberty to prefer appeal along with the documents and Government Orders in force under the General Rules before the Secretary to Government, Higher Education Department / Appellate Authority. _______________ Page 37 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch ➢ In the event of submitting any such appeal, the Appellate Authority shall consider the same on merits and in accordance with law and pass appropriate orders as expeditiously as possible.

➢ The petitioners are at liberty to file interim applications along with the appeals before the Appellant Authority for grant of stay of the recovery orders.

44. W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 is concerned, Mr.Rajpal Singh, learned counsel appearing for the petitioner made a submission that he is confining the relief sought for in the writ petition as the learned Additional Advocate General made a submission that the petitioners will be permitted to appear before the Screening Committee to place all the documents and to establish their case. Therefore, the petitioner in W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 is directed to comply with the directions issued in respect of Batch-I writ petitions.

45. As far as W.P.(MD) No.8971 of 2020 is concerned, The Authority Competent is directed to verify as to whether the petitioner in W.P. _______________ Page 38 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch (MD) No.8971 of 2020 has appeared before the Screening Committee. In case he had not appeared before the Screening Committee, he should be permitted to appear before the Screening Committee as per the directions granted in respect of Batch-I writ petition. In case, he appeared before the Screening Committee, then he should be permitted to prefer appeal as per the directions granted in Batch-II writ petitions..

46. The Secretary to Government and the Commissioner of Technical Education are directed to ensure that all the pay fixations and other monetary benefits granted under various Schemes are implemented scrupulously, only after getting prior approval from the Commissionarate of Technical Education and the Government, as the case may be. In the event of any implementation of monetary benefits without getting prior approval from the Heads of the Departments or Government, then, the Management / Authority concerned of the Government Aided Private Polytechnic Colleges must be held responsible and accountable and suitable actions are to be initiated against the Educational Agency / Management and in case of Government Polytechnic Colleges, disciplinary action must be taken against the Principal / Authorities of the Colleges and the monetary loss to the Government must be recovered from all concerned and this direction shall be _______________ Page 39 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch communicated by the Commissioner of Technical Education to all the Polytechnic Colleges, either Government or Government Aided throughout the State of Tamil Nadu.

47. It is made clear that the learned counsels for the petitioners shall inform the petitioners not to wait for the certified copy of this order and submit their explanations / objections / eligibility etc., to the Commissioner of Technical Education, who is the Chairman of the Screening Committee through online or in person or otherwise as directed above.

48. With the above observations and directions all these writ petitions are disposed of. No costs. Consequently, connected miscellaneous petitions are closed.

10.03.2022 Index : Yes / No Internet : Yes / No krk _______________ Page 40 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch To:

1.The Principal Secretary, Department of Higher Education, State of Tamil Nadu, Fort St.George, Chennai-600 009.
2.The Commissioner of Technical Education, Directorate of Technical Education (DOTE), 53, Sardar Patel Road, Guindy, Chennai-600 025.
4.The Secretary Personnel and Administrative Reforms Department, State of Tamil Nadu, Fort St.George, Chennai-600 009.

_______________ Page 41 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.(MD) No.1661 of 2019 etc. batch S.M.SUBRAMANIAM, J.

krk W.P.(MD) Nos.1661, 24375, 24761 & 25975 of 2019 4601, 4602, 6323, 6359, 6843, 6923, 7070, 7915, 7918, 8029, 8902, 8971, 9413, 9823, 9841, 9977, 9978, 9986, 10003, 11379, 11392, 11418, 12373 & 16234 of 2020 1787, 8954, 8959, 9175, 9177, 9180, 9182, 9183, 9184, 9185, 9186, 9199, 9200, 9265 & 16686 of 2021 1711 & 1716 of 2022 and W.M.P.(MD) Nos.1415, 1416, 21006, 21367 & 22968 of 2019 3955, 3957, 3958, 3959, 5555, 5597, 5598, 6250, 6346, 6347, 7381, 7382, 7386, 7387, 7461, 7462, 8151, 8152, 8202, 8203, 8540, 8541, 8809, 8811, 8812, 8825, 8826, 8916, 8917, 8918, 8919, 8921, 8923, 8924, 8925, 8927, 8928, 8929, 8930, 8936, 9952, 9953, 9968, 9972, 9993, 9994, 10583, 10584, 10587, 13573, 13574, 13575 & 13576 of 2020 1519, 1521, 6754, 6755, 6910, 6911, 6914, 6916, 6917, 6918, 6919, 6920, 6931, 6932, 6933, 6978, 11066, 11067, 13572, 16915 & 16916 of 2021 727, 789, 811, 815, 838, 844, 918, 925, 1027, 1512, 1514, 1526, 1528, 1537, 1538, 1540, 1542 & 1543 of 2022 10.03.2022 _______________ Page 42 of 42 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis