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18.1. In Celir LLP [2024 SCC OnLine SC 3727], the Apex Court reiterated that the 'Henderson Principle' is a core component of the broader doctrine of abuse of process, aimed at enthusing in the parties a sense of sanctity towards judicial adjudications and determinations. It ensures that litigants are not subjected to repetitive and vexatious legal challenges. At its core, the principle stipulates that all claims and issues that could and should have been raised in an earlier proceeding are barred from being raised in subsequent litigation, except in exceptional W.A.No.3209 of 2025 17 2026:KER:5778 circumstances. This rule not only supports the finality of judgments but also underscores the ideals of judicial propriety and fairness.

18.4. In Celir LLP [2024 SCC OnLine SC 3727], the Apex Court held that the 'Henderson Principle' operates on the broader W.A.No.3209 of 2025 20 2026:KER:5778 contours of judicial propriety and fairness, ensuring that the judicial system remains an instrument of justice rather than a platform for procedural manipulation. Judicial propriety demands that courts maintain the finality and integrity of their decisions, preventing repeated challenges to settled matters. Once a matter has been adjudicated, it should not be revisited unless exceptional circumstances warrant such reconsideration. Repeated litigation of the same issue not only wastes judicial resources but also subjects the opposing party to unnecessary expense and harassment. Judicial processes are not merely technical mechanisms but are rooted in principles of equity and justice.

20. As reiterated by the Apex Court in Celir LLP [2024 SCC OnLine SC 3727], the 'Henderson Principle' is a core component of the broader doctrine of abuse of process, aimed at enthusing in the parties a sense of sanctity towards judicial adjudications and determinations. It ensures that litigants are not subjected to repetitive and vexatious legal challenges. At its core, the principle stipulates that all claims and issues that could and should have been raised in an earlier proceeding are barred from being raised in subsequent litigation, except in exceptional W.A.No.3209 of 2025 22 2026:KER:5778 circumstances. This rule not only supports the finality of judgments but also underscores the ideals of judicial propriety and fairness.

21. The 'Henderson Principle' operates on the broader contours of judicial propriety and fairness, ensuring that the judicial system remains an instrument of justice rather than a platform for procedural manipulation. Judicial propriety demands that courts maintain the finality and integrity of their decisions, preventing repeated challenges to settled matters. Once a matter has been adjudicated, it should not be revisited unless exceptional circumstances warrant such reconsideration. Repeated litigation of the same issue not only wastes judicial resources but also subjects the opposing party to unnecessary expense and harassment. Judicial processes are not merely technical mechanisms but are rooted in principles of equity and justice.