Scope of Article 23
Meaning of "begar" Duty of State when violation of Arts. 17,
23 and 24 is complained.
HEADNOTE:
Petitioner ... against the State but it prohibits "traffic in
human beings and begar and other similar forms of forced
labour" practised by anyone else
human beings and forced labour.
(1) Traffic in human beings and begar and other similar forms of forced labour are prohibited and any contravention ... larger amplitude than 'slave trade' and they also interdicted "begar and other similar forms of forced labour." The question is what
traffic in human beings.
(c) the form of forced labour knows as begar.
(d) any form of involuntary servitude except as a
punishment for crime ... Traffic in human beings and
(b) forced labour in any form including begar, and
involuntary servitude except as a punishment for
crime whereof the party
human beings and forced labour.--(1) Traffic in human beings and begar and other similar forms of forced labour are prohibited and any contravention ... against the State but it prohibits "traffic in human being and begar and other similar forms of forced labour" practised by anyone else
Constitution states:
(1) "Traffic in human beings and begar and other similar forms of forced labour are prohibited and any contravention of this provision ... wide and unlimited and strikes at "traffic in human beings and begar and other similar forms of forced labour" wherever they are found
service rendered.
11. Article 23 prohibits traffic in human beings and Begar, is quoted as below :
"(1) Traffic in human beings and Begar ... religion, race, caste or class or any of them."
12. Begar means Labour or service exacted by Government or a person in power without
judis.nic.in
13
deduction. Article 23 of the Constitution prohibits 'Begar'. It
reads as under :
23.Prohibition of traffic in human beings ... forced labour.
(1) Traffic in human beings and begar and
other similar forms of forced labour are prohibited
and any contravention of this provision shall
leave it the position. In fact, such employment is a sort of Begar (exploitation).
I find it helpful to extract Article 23 of the Constitution ... human beings and forced labour- (1) Traffic in human beings and begar and other similar forms of forced labour are prohibited and any contravention
wages fixed by the Government is illegal, unfair and amounts to 'Begar' and is in violation of Article 23 of the Constitution ... protect a civil right against exploitation by taking Begar and forced labour, i.e., which compels a person to accept employment for remunerations which
considered question of begar and forced labour in context of Article 23 , 16 and 39. It was held that the appointment on a fixed wage ... minimum wages fixed by the Government is illegal, unfair and amounts to Begar and is in violation of Article 23 of the Constitution of India
