Leena B. Dam vs State Of Assam And Ors. on 7 April, 2005
The requirement of Ph.D or M. Phil for appointment as University and College Lecturers, as may be, therefore, was dispensed with and the requirement of clearing an eligibility test to be conducted by the University Grants Commission or CSIR was introduced. The changes brought about by the 1991 Regulations having affected the aspirations of many candidates who were pursuing the Ph.D. or M. Phil course, the University Grants Commission by Notification dated 10.2.1993 granted exemption from appearing in the eligibility test, inter alia, to candidates who were awarded M. Phil degree up to 31.3.1991 and candidates who would be submitting their Ph.D. thesis up to 31.12.1993. By a subsequent Notification dated 21.6.1995 the period of exemption for both categories of candidates were made uniform by extending the exemption in respect of M. Phil degree holders up to 31.12.1993 also. The validity of the aforesaid exemption was considered and upheld by the Apex Court in the case of University Grants Commission v. Sadhana Choudhary (supra) by holding that the exemption from clearing the eligibility test had a reasonable basis in view of the time taken in submitting a Ph.D. thesis or obtaining an M. Phil degree by candidates who had undertaken either field of study prior to the date of issuance of the 1991 Regulations. While the matter was resting at that, the experience gained having indicated that even in case of Ph.D degrees, the standard had varied from one University to another and therefore, it was felt that even for Ph.D. degree holders there was a need for holding a common eligibility test with a uniform syllabus. Accordingly, the University Grants Commission in exercise of powers under Section 26(1)(e), (g) read with Section 14 of the University Grants Commission Act, 1956 framed a new Regulation namely, University Grants Commission (Minimum Qualifications required for the appointment and Career Advancement of teachers in universities and institutions affiliated to it) Regulations, 2000 in supersession of the 1991 Regulations. Under the said Regulations of the year 2000, candidates were required to clear the NET and no exemption was contemplated either for Ph.D or M.Phil degree holders after 31.12.1993. After the framing of the aforesaid Regulations in the year 2000, various representations were received by the University Grants Commission and a large number of cases were also filed in different Courts with regard to the question of extension of the exemption of Ph.D. degree holders from clearing the NET. The matter was deliberated upon and by an amendment made in the year 2002, the Regulations of the 2000 were amended and for Ph.D. degree holders only, exemption was granted to those, who had submitted their thesis on or before 31.3.2002. The aforesaid retrospective action of the University Grants Commission by the amendment of the Regulations of the year 2000, therefore, continued the exemption from clearing the NET in so far as Ph.D degree holders are concerned up to 31.12.2002. Though the language of the amendment mentions the exempted category of candidates to be those, who had submitted their thesis on or before 31.12.2002, the natural consequence of the same would be also to cover all such candidates who may have obtained their Ph.D. degree on or before the said date apart from such other candidates who may have been admitted to the Ph.D. degree after 31.12.2002 on the basis of the their thesis submitted on or before the said date.