Murtaza Quaid Mahuwala vs State Of Gujarat on 19 February, 2020
25. It will thus be seen that even during the marriage the custody
of the minor children in case of a boy until he attains the age of 7
years, and in the case of a female until she attains puberty is with
the wife. The intention in conferring this custody upon the mother
is obviously that she could (take) better care for the children than
the father. It is significant that failing the mother also the father is-
not the next preferential custodian, but other female relations. It
seems to me, therefore, quite clear that so far as the personal law
of Muslims is concerned, the right of the father to the custody of
the child is deferred, and the primary right is in the mother and in
the absence of the mother in other female heirs. This can be
explained only on the basis that it is in the interest of the minor
and, that it is these female relations or the mother who are capable
of looking after the minor properly. In other words, therefore, as
long as the right to custody is with the mother, the mother is
deemed to be also having the custody and care of the minor. If that
is so it seems to me that the mother during the period laid down by
the Mahomedan Law has both the custody and the care of the
minor as long as she is not disqualified from retaining the custody
of the minor. If that is so, then at the time when the petitioner left
the respondent's house either because she was driven away, as she
says, or as the respondent says, she went of her own, she was
deprived of the custody of her minor children Mahomed Races and
Waheeda Begum. Mr. Sohoni, therefore, is not right in contending
that the petitioner neither had the custody nor as he contends, was
a guardian entitled to make an application."