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1 - 10 of 11 (0.22 seconds)The Code of Civil Procedure, 1908
Article 31 in Constitution of India [Constitution]
Charan Lal Sahu Etc. Etc vs Union Of India And Ors on 22 December, 1989
5. However, we find that the Government has executive
power to protect the best interest of children. The parens
patriae is the jurisdiction of the State cannot be overlooked
W.P.(C).Nos. 15455/ 2023, 15707/ 2023, 15723/ 2023,
15746/ 2023, 16068/ 2023, & 1931/ 2024, 12242/ 2024
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here. The Apex Court in Charan Lal Sahu v. Union of India,
[(1990) 1 SCC 613]; para.35 therein reads as follows:
Banku Behary Mondal vs Banku Behary Hazra And Anr. on 8 January, 1943
The same position was reiterated by the said High Court in
Banku Behary Mondal v. Banku Behary Hazra [AIR 1943 Cal 203 : 47 CWN
89] at page 205 of the report.
Medai Dalavoi T. Kumaraswami Mudaliar vs Medai Dalavoi Rajammal on 30 August, 1956
The position was further elaborated
and explained by the Madras High Court in Medai Dalavoi T. Kumaraswami
Mudaliar v. Medai Dalavoi Rajammal [AIR 1957 Mad 563 : (1957) 2 MLJ
211] at page 567 of the report.
Article 38 in Constitution of India [Constitution]
Mahant Ram Saroop Dasji vs S. P. Sahi, Special Officer-In-Charge ... on 15 April, 1959
This Court also recognized the concept
of parens patriae relying on the observations of Dr Mukherjea
aforesaid in Ram Saroop v. S.P. Sahi [1959 Supp 2 SCR 583 : AIR 1959
SC 951] at pages 598 and 599. In the "Words and Phrases" Permanent
Edition, Vol. 33 at page 99, it is stated that parens patriae is the
inherent power and authority of a legislature to provide protection
to the person and property of persons non sui juris, such as minor,
insane, and incompetent persons, but the words parens patriae meaning
thereby 'the father of the country', were applied originally to the
King and are used to designate the State referring to its sovereign
power of guardianship over persons under disability. (emphasis
supplied) Parens patriae jurisdiction, it has been explained, is the
right of the sovereign and imposes a duty on sovereign, in public
W.P.(C).Nos. 15455/ 2023, 15707/ 2023, 15723/ 2023,
15746/ 2023, 16068/ 2023, & 1931/ 2024, 12242/ 2024
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interest, to protect persons under disability who have no rightful
protector. The connotation of the term parens patriae differs from
country to country, for instance, in England it is the King, in
America it is the people, etc. The Government is within its duty to
protect and to control persons under disability. Conceptually, the
parens patriae theory is the obligation of the State to protect and
takes into custody the rights and the privileges of its citizens for
dischargings its obligations. Our Constitution makes it imperative
for the State to secure to all its citizens the rights guaranteed by
the Constitution and where the citizens are not in a position to
assert and secure their rights, the State must come into picture and
protect and fight for the rights of the citizens. The Preamble to
the Constitution, read with the Directive Principles, Articles 38,
39 and 39-A enjoin the State to take up these responsibilities. It
is the protective measure to which the social welfare state is
committed. It is necessary for the State to ensure the fundamental
rights in conjunction with the Directive Principles of State Policy
to effectively discharge its obligation and for this purpose, if
necessary, to deprive some rights and privileges of the individual
victims or their heirs to protect their rights better and secure
these further.