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J.K. Woollen Manufacturers vs Commissioner Of Income-Tax, U.P on 2 August, 1968

He pleaded that 27 ITA No.3036/Del/2010 CO No.357/Del/2010 the same is upheld in J.K. Woollen Manufacturers vs. CIT, cited supra. In applying the test of commercial expediency for determining whether an expenditure was wholly and exclusively laid out for the purpose of the business, reasonableness of the expenditure has to be adjudged from the point of view of the businessman and not of the income-tax department. He also submitted that mere agreement is not enough and could not be a substitute for the evidence whether real services have been rendered to earn commission. He also submitted that when expenditure is legal then only it can be allowed. He also submitted that burden of proof is on the taxpayer that a particular allowance is justifiable and in absence of any such evidence the finding of the Assessing Officer must be accepted. The burden of proof is on the assessee to claim a deduction and to bring all material facts on record to substantiate its claim.
Supreme Court of India Cites 6 - Cited by 124 - V Ramaswami - Full Document

Saurashtra Cement And Chemical ... vs Commissioner Of Income-Tax on 12 October, 1994

The allowance must be granted in the year in which the liability is incurred or accrued was also a stand taken by the ld. DR. Ld. AR submitted that the judgement of Hon'ble Gujarat High Court in the case of Saurashtra Cement & Chemical Industries Ltd. V. CIT, cited supra, rather supports the assessee's contention that merely because the expenses relate to a transaction of 12 ITA No.3036/Del/2010 CO No.357/Del/2010 earlier year, it does not become the liability payable in the earlier year unless it can be said that the liability is determined and crystallized in the year in question. The ld. AR further submitted that assessee has put a Note No.3 which accompanied the computation of income. The relevant Note read as under:-
Gujarat High Court Cites 17 - Cited by 259 - Full Document

M/S Madras Industrial ... vs The Commissioner Of Income Tax,Tamil ... on 4 April, 1997

Thus, the Assessing Officer's act was completely against the basis principles of accountancy. As per the Assessing Officer, the prior period expenses cannot be allowed in the said Assessment Year since the same is related to transactions entered into the earlier year. Following the matching concept in order to determine the net income of an accounting year, the revenue and other income are matched with the cost to find the correct income. The ld. AR further pleaded that the ld. DR relied on the judgment of Hon'ble Supreme Court in the case of Madras Industrial Investment Corporation Ltd v. CIT, cited supra, wherein the Hon'ble Apex Court has held that there could be no computation of profits and gains until the expenditure which is necessary for the purpose of earning the receipt is deducted therefrom whether the expenditure is actually incurred or the liability in respect of thereof has accrued. Other decisions were also cited by ld. DR for the proposition that only ascertained liabilities justify an entry in the books of account maintained on mercantile system.
Supreme Court of India Cites 16 - Cited by 445 - Full Document

Commissioner Of Income-Tax vs Dalmia Cement P. Ltd. (No. 4) on 12 August, 1987

15. On the other hand, ld. DR submitted that assessment has paid Rs.2.5 lacs as remuneration to the whole time Managing Director of the company. The Assessing Officer made ad hoc disallowance of Rs.1 lac therefrom. The total turnover of the company was more than Rs.617 crores in comparison to Rs.466 crores in the earlier year. The profit before tax was increased from Rs.44.16 crores to Rs.64.52 crores. The remuneration paid to the Managing Director was in accordance with the Schedule-XIII of the Companies Act, 1956. This payment of remuneration has been approved by the Board of Directors and shareholders of the company, therefore, ad hoc disallowance was not justified which the CIT (A) has rightly deleted. The ld. AR also relied on the judgment of Hon'ble Delhi High Court in the case of CIT v. Dalmia Cement (P.) Ltd. reported in 254 ITR 377.
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